Publications

@article{Aguirre-Gutiérrez2022,

title = {Functional susceptibility of tropical forests to climate change},

author = {Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Erika Berenguer and Imma Oliveras Menor and David Bauman and Jose Javier Corral-Rivas and Maria Guadalupe Nava-Miranda and Sabine Both and Josué Edzang Ndong and Fidèle Evouna Ondo and Natacha N'ssi Bengone and Vianet Mihinhou and James W Dalling and Katherine Heineman and Axa Figueiredo and Roy González-M and Natalia Norden and Ana Belén Hurtado-M and Diego González and Beatriz Salgado-Negret and Simone Matias Reis and Marina Maria Moraes de Seixas and William Farfan-Rios and Alexander Shenkin and Terhi Riutta and Cécile A J Girardin and Sam Moore and Kate Abernethy and Gregory P Asner and Lisa Patrick Bentley and David F R P Burslem and Lucas A Cernusak and Brian J Enquist and Robert M Ewers and Joice Ferreira and Kathryn J Jeffery and Carlos A Joly and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Roberta E Martin and Paulo S Morandi and Oliver L Phillips and Amy C Bennett and Simon L Lewis and Carlos A Quesada and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and W Daniel Kissling and Miles Silman and Yit Arn Teh and Lee J T White and Norma Salinas and David A Coomes and Jos Barlow and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Yadvinder Malhi},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Functional-susceptibility-of-tropical-forests-to-climate-change.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41559-022-01747-6},

issn = {2397-334X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-01},

urldate = {2022-05-01},

journal = {Nat Ecol Evol},

abstract = {Tropical forests are some of the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world, yet their functioning is threatened by anthropogenic disturbances and climate change. Global actions to conserve tropical forests could be enhanced by having local knowledge on the forests' functional diversity and functional redundancy as proxies for their capacity to respond to global environmental change. Here we create estimates of plant functional diversity and redundancy across the tropics by combining a dataset of 16 morphological, chemical and photosynthetic plant traits sampled from 2,461 individual trees from 74 sites distributed across four continents together with local climate data for the past half century. Our findings suggest a strong link between climate and functional diversity and redundancy with the three trait groups responding similarly across the tropics and climate gradient. We show that drier tropical forests are overall less functionally diverse than wetter forests and that functional redundancy declines with increasing soil water and vapour pressure deficits. Areas with high functional diversity and high functional redundancy tend to better maintain ecosystem functioning, such as aboveground biomass, after extreme weather events. Our predictions suggest that the lower functional diversity and lower functional redundancy of drier tropical forests, in comparison with wetter forests, may leave them more at risk of shifting towards alternative states in face of further declines in water availability across tropical regions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{AlmeidadeOliveira_De_Oliveira2022-la,

title = {Soil pyrogenic carbon in southern Amazonia: Interaction between soil, climate, and above-ground biomass},

author = {Edmar Almeida-de-Oliveira and Ted R Feldpausch and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Paulo Sérgio Morandi and Oliver L Phillips and Michael Bird and Alejandro Araujo Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Carlos Alberta Quesada and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/10/Almeida-et-al-Soil-pyrogenic-carbon-Southern-Amazon_FFGC_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2022.880963},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-10-01},

urldate = {2022-10-01},

journal = {Front. For. Glob. Chang.},

volume = {5},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {The Amazon forest represents one of the world's largest terrestrial carbon reservoirs. Here, we evaluated the role of soil texture, climate, vegetation, and distance to savanna on the distribution and stocks of soil pyrogenic carbon (PyC) in intact forests with no history of recent fire spanning the southern Amazonia forest-Cerrado Zone of Transition (ZOT). In 19 one hectare forest plots, including three Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE, terra preta) sites with high soil PyC, we measured all trees and lianas with diameter $geq$ 10 cm and analyzed soil physicochemical properties, including texture and PyC stocks. We quantified PyC stocks as a proportion of total organic carbon using hydrogen pyrolysis. We used multiple linear regression and variance partitioning to determine which variables best explain soil PyC variation. For all forests combined, soil PyC stocks ranged between 0.9 and 6.8 Mg/ha to 30 cm depth (mean 2.3 $pm$ 1.5 Mg/ha) and PyC, on average, represented 4.3% of the total soil organic carbon (SOC). The most parsimonious model (based on AICc) included soil clay content and above-ground biomass (AGB) as the main predictors, explaining 71% of soil PyC variation. After removal of the ADE plots, PyC stocks ranged between 0.9 and 3.8 Mg/ha (mean 1.9 $pm$ 0.8 Mg/ha--1) and PyC continued to represent ∼4% of the total SOC. The most parsimonious models without ADE included AGB and sand as the best predictors, with sand and PyC having an inverse relationship, and sand explaining 65% of the soil PyC variation. Partial regression analysis did not identify any of the components (climatic, environmental, and edaphic), pure or shared, as important in explaining soil PyC variation with or without ADE plots. We observed a substantial amount of soil PyC, even excluding ADE forests; however, contrary to expectations, soil PyC stocks were not higher nearer to the fire-dependent Cerrado than more humid regions of Amazonia. Our findings that soil texture and AGB explain the distribution and amount of soil PyC in ZOT forests will help to improve model estimates of SOC change with further climatic warming.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{deCastroLima2022-bs,

title = {Primary modes of tree mortality in southwestern Amazon forests},

author = {Égon Fabricio de Castro Lima and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and Henrique Augusto Mews and Richarlly Silva Costa and N Galia Selaya Garvizu and Irving Foster Brown and Stephen George Perz and Fernando Augusto Schmidt and Marcos Silveira and Oliver L Phillips and Wendeson Castro and Timothy R Baker and Jon Lloyd and Pl'inio Barbosa Camargo and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Carlos Quesada and Juliana Stropp and Ted Feldpausch},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/12/Lima-et-al_Mode_of_tree_death_SW_Amazon_published_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100180},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-01},

urldate = {2022-03-01},

journal = {Trees, Forests and People},

volume = {7},

number = {100180},

pages = {100180},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{deLima-pmid35411093,

title = {Making forest data fair and open},

author = {Renato A F de Lima and Oliver L Phillips and Alvaro Duque and J Sebastian Tello and Stuart J Davies and Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira and Sandra Muller and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Emilio Vilanova and Aida Cuni-Sanchez and Timothy R Baker and Casey M Ryan and Agustina Malizia and Simon L Lewis and Hans Ter Steege and Joice Ferreira and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Hong Truong Luu and Gerard Imani and Luzmila Arroyo and Cecilia Blundo and David Kenfack and Moses N Sainge and Bonaventure Sonké and Rodolfo Vásquez},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/06/Lima_Phillips_et_al_Making_Data_Fair_NatureEcolEvo2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41559-022-01738-7},

issn = {2397-334X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-01},

urldate = {2022-06-01},

journal = {Nat Ecol Evol},

volume = {6},

number = {6},

pages = {656--658},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Feldpausch2022-ou,

title = {Forest fire history in Amazonia inferred from intensive soil charcoal sampling and radiocarbon dating},

author = {Ted R Feldpausch and Lidiany Carvalho and Kita D Macario and Philippa L Ascough and César F Flores and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Michelle Kalamandeen and Oliver L Phillips and Richard A. Staff},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/12/Feldpausch_et_al_Forest_fire_history_Amazonia_FFGC_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2022.815438},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-01},

urldate = {2022-05-01},

journal = {Front. For. Glob. Chang.},

volume = {5},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {Fire has a historical role in tropical forests related to past climate and ancient land use spanning the Holocene; however, it is unclear from charcoal records how fire varied at different spatiotemporal scales and what sampling strategies are required to determine fire history and their effects. We evaluated fire variation in structurally intact, terra-firme Amazon forests, by intensive soil charcoal sampling from three replicate soil pits in sites in Guyana and northern and southern Peru. We used radiocarbon (14C) measurement to assess (1) locally, how the timing of fires represented in our sample varied across the surface of forest plots and with soil depth, (2) basin-wide, how the age of fires varies across climate and environmental gradients, and (3) how many samples are appropriate when applying the 14C approach to assess the date of last fire. Considering all 14C dates (n = 33), the most recent fires occurred at a similar time at each of the three sites (median ages: 728--851 cal years BP), indicating that in terms of fire disturbance at least, these forests could be considered old-growth. The number of unique fire events ranged from 1 to 4 per pit and from 4 to 6 per site. Based upon our sampling strategy, the N-Peru site---with the highest annual precipitation---had the most fire events. Median fire return intervals varied from 455 to 2,950 cal years BP among sites. Based on available dates, at least three samples (1 from the top of each of 3 pits) are required for the sampling to have a reasonable likelihood of capturing the most recent fire for forests with no history of a recent fire. The maximum fire return interval for two sites was shorter than the time since the last fire, suggesting that over the past ∼800 years these forests have undergone a longer fire-free period than the past 2,000--3,500 years. Our analysis from terra-firme forest soils helps to improve understanding of changes in fire regime, information necessary to evaluate post-fire legacies on modern vegetation and soil and to calibrate models to predict forest response to fire under climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gatti2022,

title = {The number of tree species on Earth},

author = {Roberto Cazzolla Gatti and Peter B Reich and Javier G P Gamarra and Tom Crowther and Cang Hui and Albert Morera and Jean-Francois Bastin and Sergio de-Miguel and Gert-Jan Nabuurs and Jens-Christian Svenning and Josep M Serra-Diaz and Cory Merow and Brian Enquist and Maria Kamenetsky and Junho Lee and Jun Zhu and Jinyun Fang and Douglass F Jacobs and Bryan Pijanowski and Arindam Banerjee and Robert A Giaquinto and Giorgio Alberti and Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Valerio Avitabile and Gerardo A Aymard and Radomir Balazy and Chris Baraloto and Jorcely G Barroso and Meredith L Bastian and Philippe Birnbaum and Robert Bitariho and Jan Bogaert and Frans Bongers and Olivier Bouriaud and Pedro H S Brancalion and Francis Q Brearley and Eben North Broadbent and Filippo Bussotti and Wendeson Castro da Silva and Ricardo Gomes César and Goran sljar and V'ictor Chama Moscoso and Han Y H Chen and Emil Cienciala and Connie J Clark and David A Coomes and Selvadurai Dayanandan and Mathieu Decuyper and Laura E Dee and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Géraldine Derroire and Marie Noel Kamdem Djuikouo and Tran Van Do and Jiri Dolezal and Ilija DJ DJordjevi'c and Julien Engel and Tom M Fayle and Ted R Feldpausch and Jonas K Fridman and David J Harris and Andreas Hemp and Geerten Hengeveld and Bruno Herault and Martin Herold and Thomas Ibanez and Andrzej M Jagodzinski and Bogdan Jaroszewicz and Kathryn J Jeffery and Vivian Kvist Johannsen and Tommaso Jucker and Ahto Kangur and Victor N Karminov and Kuswata Kartawinata and Deborah K Kennard and Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas and Gunnar Keppel and Mohammed Latif Khan and Pramod Kumar Khare and Timothy J Kileen and Hyun Seok Kim and Henn Korjus and Amit Kumar and Ashwani Kumar and Diana Laarmann and Nicolas Labri`ere and Mait Lang and Simon L Lewis and Natalia Lukina and Brian S Maitner and Yadvinder Malhi and Andrew R Marshall and Olga V Martynenko and Abel L Monteagudo Mendoza and Petr V Ontikov and Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi and Nadir C Pallqui Camacho and Alain Paquette and Minjee Park and Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy and Pablo Luis Peri and Pascal Petronelli and Sebastian Pfautsch and Oliver L Phillips and Nicolas Picard and Daniel Piotto and Lourens Hirma Poorter and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and Mirco Rodeghiero and Roc'io Del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles and Samir G Rolim and Francesco Rovero and Ervan Rutishauser and Purabi Saikia and Christian Salas-Eljatib and Dmitry Schepaschenko and Michael Scherer-Lorenzen and Vladim'ir n and Marcos Silveira and Ferry Slik and Bonaventure Sonké and Alexandre F Souza and Krzysztof Jan Stere'nczak and Miroslav Svoboda and Hermann Taedoumg and Nadja Tchebakova and John Terborgh and Elena Tikhonova and Armando Torres-Lezama and Fons Plas and Rodolfo Vásquez and Helder Viana and Alexander C Vibrans and Emilio Vilanova and Vincent A Vos and Hua-Feng Wang and Bertil Westerlund and Lee J T White and Susan K Wiser and Tomasz Zawiła-Nied'zwiecki and Lise Zemagho and Zhi-Xin Zhu and Irié C Zo-Bi and Jingjing Liang},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/12/Gatti_et_al_The-number-of-tree-species-on-Earth_PNAS_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1073/pnas.2115329119},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-01},

urldate = {2022-02-01},

journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.},

volume = {119},

number = {6},

pages = {e2115329119},

publisher = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},

abstract = {Öne of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth. However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties connected to the species concept definition, the global numbers of species, including those of important and well-studied life forms such as trees, still remain largely unknown. Here, based on global ground-sourced data, we estimate the total tree species richness at global, continental, and biome levels. Our results indicate that there are ∼73,000 tree species globally, among which ∼9,000 tree species are yet to be discovered. Roughly 40% of undiscovered tree species are in South America. Moreover, almost one-third of all tree species to be discovered may be rare, with very low populations and limited spatial distribution (likely in remote tropical lowlands and mountains). These findings highlight the vulnerability of global forest biodiversity to anthropogenic changes in land use and climate, which disproportionately threaten rare species and thus, global tree richness."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hidalgo_Pizango2022-rr,

title = {Sustainable palm fruit harvesting as a pathway to conserve Amazon peatland forests},

author = {C Gabriel Hidalgo-Pizango and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Jhon Águila-Pasquel and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Johan Jong and César J Córdova Oroche and José M Reyna Huaymacari and Steve J Carver and Dennis Castillo Torres and Frederick C Draper and Oliver L Phillips and Katherine H Roucoux and Sytze Bruin and Marielos Pe na-Claros and Marieke Zon and Gordon Mitchell and Jon Lovett and Gabriel Garc'ia Mendoza and Leticia Gatica Saboya and Julio Irarica Pacaya and Manuel Mart'in Bra nas and Eliseo Ram'irez Paredes and Timothy R Baker},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/s41893-022-00858-z.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41893-022-00858-z},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

urldate = {2022-04-01},

journal = {Nat. Sustain.},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marca-Zevallos2022-bp,

title = {Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin},

author = {Manuel J Marca-Zevallos and Gabriel M Moulatlet and Thaiane R Sousa and Juliana Schietti and Luiz de Souza Coelho and José Ferreira Ramos and Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Francisca Dion'izia Almeida Matos and Lorena M Rincón and Juan David Cardenas Revilla and Marcelo Petratti Pansonato and Rogério Gribel and Edelcilio Marques Barbosa and Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda and Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates and Juan Ernesto Guevara and Rafael P Salom ao and Leandro Valle Ferreira and Dário Dantas do Amaral and Nigel C A Pitman and Corine Vriesendorp and Tim R Baker and Roel Brienen and Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim and José Renan da Silva Guimar aes and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and William F Laurance and Susan G W Laurance and Ana Andrade and José Lu'is Camargo and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Rodolfo Vasquez and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Hugo F Mogollón and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Beatriz S Marimon and Timothy J Killeen and Emanuelle de Sousa Farias and David Neill and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and John Terborgh and Juan Carlos Montero and Juan Carlos Licona and Bonifacio Mostacedo and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Daniel Villarroel and Nállarett Dávila and Fernanda Coelho de Souza and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and James A Comiskey and Alfonso Alonso and Francisco Dallmeier and Alexandre A Oliveira and Carolina V Castilho and Jon Lloyd and Ted R Feldpausch and Marcos R'ios Paredes and Nicolás Casta no Arboleda and Dairon Cárdenas López and Gerardo A Aymard Corredor and Anthony Di Fiore and Agust'in Rudas and Adriana Prieto and Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa and Jana'ina Costa Noronha and Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues and Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Carlos A Peres and William Milliken and Alfredo Fuentes and J Sebastián Tello and Carlos Cerón and Bente Klitgaard and Milton Tirado and Rodrigo Sierra and Kenneth R Young and Gonzalo Francisco Rivas-Torres and Pablo R Stevenson and Angela Cano and Ophelia Wang and Cláudia Baider and Jos Barlow and Joice Ferreira and Erika Berenguer and Juliana Stropp and Henrik Balslev and Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui and Italo Mesones and Elvis H Valderrama Sandoval and Therany Gonzales and Susamar Pansini and Neidiane Farias Costa Reis and Adeilza Felipe Sampaio and Vincent Antoine Vos and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and William Farfan-Rios and Miles R Silman and Karina Garcia-Cabrera and Patricio Hildebrand and Marcelino Carneiro Guedes and Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa and Juan Fernando Phillips and César I A Vela and José Julio Toledo and Daniela Pauletto and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Maria Natalia Uma na and Oliver L Phillips and William E Magnusson and Hans Steege and Flávia R C Costa},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/12/Ecography-2022-Marca‐Zevallos-Local-hydrological-conditions-influence-tree-diversity-and-composition-across-the.pdf},

doi = {10.1111/ecog.06125},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

urldate = {2022-09-01},

journal = {Ecography (Cop.)},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased towards better drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending over wide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Reis2022-ox,

title = {Climate and crown damage drive tree mortality in southern Amazonian edge forests},

author = {Simone M Reis and Beatriz S Marimon and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Ben Hur Jr Marimon and Paulo S Morandi and Fernando Elias and Edmar A Oliveira and David Galbraith and Ted R Feldpausch and Imma O Menor and Yadvinder Malhi and Oliver L Phillips},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Reis_et_al_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13849},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

urldate = {2022-04-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {110},

number = {4},

pages = {876--888},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rozendaal2022-sp,

title = {Aboveground forest biomass varies across continents, ecological zones and successional stages: refined IPCC default values for tropical and subtropical forests},

author = {Dana"e M A Rozendaal and Daniela Requena Suarez and Veronique De Sy and Valerio Avitabile and Sarah Carter and C Y Adou Yao and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Kristina Anderson-Teixeira and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Benjamin Barca and Timothy R Baker and Luca Birigazzi and Frans Bongers and Anne Branthomme and Roel J W Brienen and Jo ao M B Carreiras and Roberto Cazzolla Gatti and Susan C Cook-Patton and Mathieu Decuyper and Ben DeVries and Andres B Espejo and Ted R Feldpausch and Julian Fox and Javier G P Gamarra and Bronson W Griscom and Nancy Harris and Bruno Hérault and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Inge Jonckheere and Eric Konan and Sara M Leavitt and Simon L Lewis and Jeremy A Lindsell and Justin Kassi N'Dja and Anny Estelle N'Guessan and Beatriz Marimon and Edward T A Mitchard and Abel Monteagudo and Alexandra Morel and Anssi Pekkarinen and Oliver L Phillips and Lourens Poorter and Lan Qie and Ervan Rutishauser and Casey M Ryan and Maurizio Santoro and Dos Santos Silayo and Plinio Sist and J W Ferry Slik and Bonaventure Sonké and Martin J P Sullivan and Gaia Vaglio Laurin and Emilio Vilanova and Maria M H Wang and Eliakimu Zahabu and Martin Herold},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac45b3},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Environ. Res. Lett.},

volume = {17},

number = {1},

pages = {014047},

publisher = {IOP Publishing},

abstract = {Abstract For monitoring and reporting forest carbon stocks and fluxes, many countries in the tropics and subtropics rely on default values of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories. Default IPCC forest AGB values originated from 2006, and are relatively crude estimates of average values per continent and ecological zone. The 2006 default values were based on limited plot data available at the time, methods for their derivation were not fully clear, and no distinction between successional stages was made. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for GHG Inventories, we updated the default AGB values for tropical and subtropical forests based on AGB data from >25 000 plots in natural forests and a global AGB map where no plot data were available. We calculated refined AGB default values per continent, ecological zone, and successional stage, and provided a measure of uncertainty. AGB in tropical and subtropical forests varies by an order of magnitude across continents, ecological zones, and successional stage. Our refined default values generally reflect the climatic gradients in the tropics, with more AGB in wetter areas. AGB is generally higher in old-growth than in secondary forests, and higher in older secondary (regrowth >20 years old and degraded/logged forests) than in young secondary forests (⩽20 years old). While refined default values for tropical old-growth forest are largely similar to the previous 2006 default values, the new default values are 4.0--7.7-fold lower for young secondary forests. Thus, the refined values will strongly alter estimated carbon stocks and fluxes, and emphasize the critical importance of old-growth forest conservation. We provide a reproducible approach to facilitate future refinements and encourage targeted efforts to establish permanent plots in areas with data gaps.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sabatini-pmid36050293,

title = {Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity},

author = {FM Sabatini and B Jiménez-Alfaro and U Jandt and M Chytrý and R Field and M Kessler and J Lenoir and F Schrodt and SK Wiser and MAS Arfin Khan and F Attorre and L Cayuela and M De Sanctis and J Dengler and S Haider and MZ Hatim and A Indreica and F Jansen and A Pauchard and RK Peet and P Petřík and VD Pillar and B Sandel and M Schmidt and Z Tang and P van Bodegom and K Vassilev and C Violle and E Alvarez-Davila and P Davidar and J Dolezal and B Hérault and A Galán-de-Mera and J Jiménez and S Kambach and S Kepfer-Rojas and H Kreft and F Lezama and R Linares-Palomino and A Monteagudo Mendoza and JK N'Dja and OL Phillips and G Rivas-Torres and P Sklenář and K Speziale and BJ Strohbach and R Vásquez Martínez and HF Wang and K Wesche and H Bruelheide},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-32063-z},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

urldate = {2022-09-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

pages = {4683},

abstract = {Global patterns of regional (gamma) plant diversity are relatively well known, but whether these patterns hold for local communities, and the dependence on spatial grain, remain controversial. Using data on 170,272 georeferenced local plant assemblages, we created global maps of alpha diversity (local species richness) for vascular plants at three different spatial grains, for forests and non-forests. We show that alpha diversity is consistently high across grains in some regions (for example, Andean-Amazonian foothills), but regional 'scaling anomalies' (deviations from the positive correlation) exist elsewhere, particularly in Eurasian temperate forests with disproportionally higher fine-grained richness and many African tropical forests with disproportionally higher coarse-grained richness. The influence of different climatic, topographic and biogeographical variables on alpha diversity also varies across grains. Our multi-grain maps return a nuanced understanding of vascular plant biodiversity patterns that complements classic maps of biodiversity hotspots and will improve predictions of global change effects on biodiversity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Signori-Muller2022-nn,

title = {Variation of non‐structural carbohydrates across the fast--slow continuum in Amazon Forest canopy trees},

author = {Caroline Signori-Müller and Rafael S Oliveira and Julia Valentim Tavares and Francisco Carvalho Diniz and Martin Gilpin and Fernanda V. Barros and Manuel J Marca Zevallos and Carlos A Salas Yupayccana and Alex Nina and Mauro Brum and Timothy R Baker and Eric G Cosio and Yadvinder Malhi and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Oliver L Phillips and Lucy Rowland and Norma Salinas and Rodolfo Vasquez and Maurizio Mencuccini and David Galbraith},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/12/SignoriMuller_etal_Variation_NSCs_FunctionalEcology_2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2435.13971},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-01},

urldate = {2022-02-01},

journal = {Funct. Ecol.},

volume = {36},

number = {2},

pages = {341--355},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sousa2022-qf,

title = {Water table depth modulates productivity and biomass across Amazonian forests},

author = {Thaiane R Sousa and Juliana Schietti and Igor O Ribeiro and Thaise Em'ilio and Rafael Herrera Fernández and Hans Steege and Carolina V Castilho and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Timothy Baker and Aline Pontes-Lopes and Camila V J Silva and Juliana M Silveira and Géraldine Derroire and Wendeson Castro and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Ademir Ruschel and Adriana Prieto and Adriano José Nogueira Lima and Agust'in Rudas and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Alexander Parada Gutierrez and Ana Andrade and Anand Roopsind and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and Anthony Di Fiore and Armando Torres-Lezama and Aurélie Dourdain and Beatriz Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon and Benoit Burban and Bert Ulft and Bruno Herault and Carlos Quesada and Casimiro Mendoza and Clement Stahl and Damien Bonal and David Galbraith and David Neill and Edmar A Oliveira and Eduardo Hase and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Emilio Vilanova and Eric Arets and Erika Berenguer and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Everton Almeida and Fernanda Coelho and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Fernando Elias and Foster Brown and Frans Bongers and Freddy Ramirez Arevalo and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Geertje Heijden and Gerardo A Aymard C. and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Guido Pardo and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and James A Comiskey and James Singh and Javier Silva Espejo and Jhon Aguila-Pasquel and Joeri Alexander Zwerts and Joey Talbot and John Terborgh and Joice Ferreira and Jorcely G Barroso and Jos Barlow and José Lu'is Camargo and Juliana Stropp and Julie Peacock and Julio Serrano and Karina Melgac co and Leandro V Ferreira and Lilian Blanc and Lourens Poorter and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Luiz Arag ao and Luzmila Arroyo and Marcos Silveira and Maria Cristina Pe nuela-Mora and Mario Percy N'u nez Vargas and Marisol Toledo and Mat Disney and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Michel Baisie and Michelle Kalamandeen and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Nállarett Dávila Cardozo and Natalino Silva and Nigel Pitman and Niro Higuchi and Olaf Banki and Patricia Alvarez Loayza and Paulo M L A Grac ca and Paulo S Morandi and Peter J Meer and Peter Hout and Pétrus Naisso and Pl'inio Barbosa Camargo and Rafael Salom ao and Raquel Thomas and Rene Boot and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and Richarlly Costa Silva and Robyn Burnham and Roderick Zagt and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Roel Brienen and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and Simon L Lewis and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Simone Matias Almeida Reis and Sophie Fauset and Susan Laurance and Ted Feldpausch and Terry Erwin and Timothy Killeen and Verginia Wortel and Victor Chama Moscoso and Vincent Vos and Walter Huaraca Huasco and William Laurance and Yadvinder Malhi and William E Magnusson and Oliver L Phillips and Flávia R C Costa and John-Arvid Grytnes},

url = {https://forestplots.net/upload/publication-store/2022/Sousa_etalWater_table_depth_modulates_Amazon_productivity_and%20biomass_GEB2022.pdf},

doi = {10.1111/geb.13531},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-01},

urldate = {2022-05-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Steur-pmid35395860,

title = {Relationships between species richness and ecosystem services in Amazonian forests strongly influenced by biogeographical strata and forest types},

author = {Gijs Steur and Hans Ter Steege and René W Verburg and Daniel Sabatier and Jean-François Molino and Olaf S Bánki and Hernan Castellanos and Juliana Stropp and Émile Fonty and Sofie Ruysschaert and David Galbraith and Michelle Kalamandeen and Tinde R van Andel and Roel Brienen and Oliver L Phillips and Kenneth J Feeley and John Terborgh and Pita A Verweij},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Steur_ScientificReports.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-09786-6},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

pages = {5960},

abstract = {Despite increasing attention for relationships between species richness and ecosystem services, for tropical forests such relationships are still under discussion. Contradicting relationships have been reported concerning carbon stock, while little is known about relationships concerning timber stock and the abundance of non-timber forest product producing plant species (NTFP abundance). Using 151 1-ha plots, we related tree and arborescent palm species richness to carbon stock, timber stock and NTFP abundance across the Guiana Shield, and using 283 1-ha plots, to carbon stock across all of Amazonia. We analysed how environmental heterogeneity influenced these relationships, assessing differences across and within multiple forest types, biogeographic regions and subregions. Species richness showed significant relationships with all three ecosystem services, but relationships differed between forest types and among biogeographical strata. We found that species richness was positively associated to carbon stock in all biogeographical strata. This association became obscured by variation across biogeographical regions at the scale of Amazonia, resembling a Simpson's paradox. By contrast, species richness was weakly or not significantly related to timber stock and NTFP abundance, suggesting that species richness is not a good predictor for these ecosystem services. Our findings illustrate the importance of environmental stratification in analysing biodiversity-ecosystem services relationships.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Aguirre-Gutierrez2021-yf,

title = {Pantropical modelling of canopy functional traits using Sentinel-2 remote sensing data},

author = {Jesus Äguirre-Gutiérrez and Sami Rifai and Alexander Shenkin and Imma Oliveras and Lisa Patrick Bentley and Martin Svátek and Cécile A J Girardin and Sabine Both and Terhi Riutta and Erika Berenguer and W Daniel Kissling and David Bauman and Nicolas Raab and Sam Moore and William Farfan-Rios and Axa Emanuelle Sim oes Figueiredo and Simone Matias Reis and Josué Edzang Ndong and Fid`ele Evouna Ondo and Natacha N'ssi Bengone and Vianet Mihindou and Marina Maria Moraes de Seixas and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Katharine Abernethy and Gregory P Asner and Jos Barlow and David F R P Burslem and David A Coomes and Lucas A Cernusak and Greta C Dargie and Brian J Enquist and Robert M Ewers and Joice Ferreira and Kathryn J Jeffery and Carlos A Joly and Simon L Lewis and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Roberta E Martin and Paulo S Morandi and Oliver L Phillips and Carlos A Quesada and Norma Salinas and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Miles Silman and Yit Arn Teh and Lee J T White and Yadvinder" Malhi},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/AguirreGutierrez_et_al_RSE_2021.pdf},

doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2020.112122},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Remote Sens. Environ.},

volume = {252},

number = {112122},

pages = {112122},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{AlvesdaCruz2021-ui,

title = {Functional diversity and regeneration traits of tree communities in the Amazon-Cerrado transition},

author = {Wesley Jonatar Alves-da-Cruz and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Izabel Amorim and Paulo S Morandi and Oliver L Phillips},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Da-Cruz-et-al-Functional-Traits-Regeneration_AmazonCerradoFlora_2021.pdf},

doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2021.151952},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-01},

urldate = {2021-12-01},

journal = {Flora},

volume = {285},

number = {151952},

pages = {151952},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dalagnolpmid33446809,

title = {Large-scale variations in the dynamics of Amazon forest canopy gaps from airborne lidar data and opportunities for tree mortality estimates},

author = {Ricardo Dalagnol and Fabien H Wagner and Lênio S Galvão and Annia S Streher and Oliver L Phillips and Emanuel Gloor and Thomas A M Pugh and Jean P H B Ometto and Luiz E O C Aragão},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Large-scale-variations-in-the-dynamics-of-Amazon-forest-canopy-gaps-from-airborne-lidar-data-and-opportunities-for-tree-mortality-estimates.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-80809-w},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {1388},

abstract = {We report large-scale estimates of Amazonian gap dynamics using a novel approach with large datasets of airborne light detection and ranging (lidar), including five multi-temporal and 610 single-date lidar datasets. Specifically, we (1) compared the fixed height and relative height methods for gap delineation and established a relationship between static and dynamic gaps (newly created gaps); (2) explored potential environmental/climate drivers explaining gap occurrence using generalized linear models; and (3) cross-related our findings to mortality estimates from 181 field plots. Our findings suggest that static gaps are significantly correlated to dynamic gaps and can inform about structural changes in the forest canopy. Moreover, the relative height outperformed the fixed height method for gap delineation. Well-defined and consistent spatial patterns of dynamic gaps were found over the Amazon, while also revealing the dynamics of areas never sampled in the field. The predominant pattern indicates 20-35% higher gap dynamics at the west and southeast than at the central-east and north. These estimates were notably consistent with field mortality patterns, but they showed 60% lower magnitude likely due to the predominant detection of the broken/uprooted mode of death. While topographic predictors did not explain gap occurrence, the water deficit, soil fertility, forest flooding and degradation were key drivers of gap variability at the regional scale. These findings highlight the importance of lidar in providing opportunities for large-scale gap dynamics and tree mortality monitoring over the Amazon.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Draper2021-qe,

title = {Amazon tree dominance across forest strata},

author = {Frederick C Draper and Flavia R C Costa and Gabriel Arellano and Oliver L Phillips and Alvaro Duque and Manuel J Mac'ia and Hans Ter Steege and Gregory P Asner and Erika Berenguer and Juliana Schietti and Jacob B Socolar and Fernanda Coelho Souza and Kyle G Dexter and Peter M Jørgensen and J Sebastian Tello and William E Magnusson and Timothy R Baker and Carolina V Castilho and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Paul V A Fine and Kalle Ruokolainen and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Gerardo Aymard and Nállarett Dávila and Mauricio Sánchez Sáenz and Marcos A Rios Paredes and Julien Engel and Claire Fortunel and C E Timothy Paine and Jean-Yves Goret and Aurelie Dourdain and Pascal Petronelli and Elodie Allie and Juan E Guevara Andino and Roel J W Brienen and Leslie Cayola Pérez and ^Angelo G Manzatto and Narel Y Paniagua Zambrana and Jean-Franc cois Molino and Daniel Sabatier and Jer^ome Chave and Sophie Fauset and Roosevelt Garcia Villacorta and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Paul E Berry and Karina Melgac co and Ted R Feldpausch and Elvis Valderamma Sandoval and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Italo Mesones and André B Junqueira and Katherine H Roucoux and José J Toledo and Ana C Andrade and José Lu'is Camargo and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Flávia D Santana and William F Laurance and Susan G Laurance and Thomas E Lovejoy and James A Comiskey and David R Galbraith and Michelle Kalamandeen and Gilberto E Navarro Aguilar and Jim Vega Arenas and Carlos A Amasifuen Guerra and Manuel Flores and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Luis A Torres Montenegro and Ricardo Zarate Gomez and Marcelo P Pansonato and Victor Chama Moscoso and Jason Vleminckx and Oscar J Valverde Barrantes and Joost F Duivenvoorden and Sidney Ara'ujo Sousa and Luzmila Arroyo and Ricardo O Perdiz and Jessica Soares Cravo and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Gabriel Damasco and Mathias Disney and Marcos Salgado Vital and Pablo R Stevenson Diaz and Alberto Vicentini and Henrique Nascimento and Niro Higuchi and Tinde Van Andel and Yadvinder Malhi and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and John W Terborgh and Raquel S Thomas and Francisco Dallmeier and Adriana Prieto and Renato R Hilário and Rafael P Salom ao and Richarlly da Costa Silva and Luisa F Casas and Ima C Guimar aes Vieira and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Fredy Ramirez Arevalo and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Maria C Pe nuela and Timothy J Killeen and Guido Pardo and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Wenderson Castro and Darcy Galiano Cabrera and John Pipoly and Thaiane Rodrigues Sousa and Marcos Silvera and Vincent Vos and David Neill and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Dilys M Vela and Luiz E O C Arag ao and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and Rodrigo Sierra and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth R Young and Nayane C C S Prestes and Klécia G Massi and José Reyna Huaymacari and Germaine A Parada Gutierrez and Ana M Aldana and Miguel N Alexiades and Fabr'icio Baccaro and Carlos Céron and Adriane Esquivel Muelbert and Julio M Grandez Rios and Antonio S Lima and Jonathan L Lloyd and Nigel C A Pitman and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Cesar J Cordova Oroche and Alfredo F Fuentes and Walter Palacios and Sandra Pati no and Armando Torres-Lezama and Christopher Baraloto},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Draper21.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41559-021-01418-y},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-01},

urldate = {2021-06-01},

journal = {Nat. Ecol. Evol.},

volume = {5},

number = {6},

pages = {757--767},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 'hyperdominant' species account for >50% of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes with size class and how evolutionary history constrains tree hyperdominance, all remain unknown. Here, we use a large floristic dataset to show that, while hyperdominance is a universal phenomenon across forest strata, different species dominate the forest understory, midstory and canopy. We further find that, although species belonging to a range of phylogenetically dispersed lineages have become hyperdominant in small size classes, hyperdominants in large size classes are restricted to a few lineages. Our results demonstrate that it is essential to consider all forest strata to understand regional patterns of dominance and composition in Amazonia. More generally, through the lens of 654 hyperdominant species, we outline a tractable pathway for understanding the functioning of half of Amazonian forests across vertical strata and geographical locations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Duquepmid33837222,

title = {Mature Andean forests as globally important carbon sinks and future carbon refuges},

author = {Alvaro Duque and Miguel A Peña and Francisco Cuesta and Sebastián González-Caro and Peter Kennedy and Oliver L Phillips and Marco Calderón-Loor and Cecilia Blundo and Julieta Carilla and Leslie Cayola and William Farfán-Ríos and Alfredo Fuentes and Ricardo Grau and Jürgen Homeier and María I Loza-Rivera and Yadvinder Malhi and Agustina Malizia and Lucio Malizia and Johanna A Martínez-Villa and Jonathan A Myers and Oriana Osinaga-Acosta and Manuel Peralvo and Esteban Pinto and Sassan Saatchi and Miles Silman and J Sebastián Tello and Andrea Terán-Valdez and Kenneth J Feeley},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/s41467-021-22459-8.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-22459-8},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

pages = {2138},

abstract = {It is largely unknown how South America's Andean forests affect the global carbon cycle, and thus regulate climate change. Here, we measure aboveground carbon dynamics over the past two decades in 119 monitoring plots spanning a range of >3000 m elevation across the subtropical and tropical Andes. Our results show that Andean forests act as strong sinks for aboveground carbon (0.67 ± 0.08 Mg C ha y) and have a high potential to serve as future carbon refuges. Aboveground carbon dynamics of Andean forests are driven by abiotic and biotic factors, such as climate and size-dependent mortality of trees. The increasing aboveground carbon stocks offset the estimated C emissions due to deforestation between 2003 and 2014, resulting in a net total uptake of 0.027 Pg C y. Reducing deforestation will increase Andean aboveground carbon stocks, facilitate upward species migrations, and allow for recovery of biomass losses due to climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ForestPlotsnet2021-lz,

title = {Taking the pulse of Earth's tropical forests using networks of highly distributed plots},

author = {ForestPlots.net and Cecilia Blundo and Julieta Carilla and Ricardo Grau and Agustina Malizia and Lucio Malizia and Oriana Osinaga-Acosta and Michael Bird and Matt Bradford and Damien Catchpole and Andrew Ford and Andrew Graham and David Hilbert and Jeanette Kemp and Susan Laurance and William Laurance and Francoise Yoko Ishida and Andrew Marshall and Catherine Waite and Hannsjoerg Woell and Jean-Francois Bastin and Marijn Bauters and Hans Beeckman and Pfascal Boeckx and Jan Bogaert and Charles De Canniere and Thales Haulleville and Jean-Louis Doucet and Olivier Hardy and Wannes Hubau and Elizabeth Kearsley and Hans Verbeeck and Jason Vleminckx and Steven W Brewer and Alfredo Alarcón and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric Arets and Luzmila Arroyo and Ezequiel Chavez and Todd Fredericksen and René Guillén Villaroel and Gloria Gutierrez Sibauty and Timothy Killeen and Juan Carlos Licona and John Lleigue and Casimiro Mendoza and Samaria Murakami and Alexander Parada Gutierrez and Guido Pardo and Marielos Pe na-Claros and Lourens Poorter and Marisol Toledo and Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo and Laura Jessica Viscarra and Vincent Vos and Jorge Ahumada and Everton Almeida and Jarcilene Almeida and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Wesley Alves Cruz and Atila Alves Oliveira and Fabr'icio Alvim Carvalho and Flávio Amorim Obermuller and Ana Andrade and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Ana Carla Aquino and Luiz Arag ao and Ana Claudia Ara'ujo and Marco Antonio Assis and Jose Ataliba Mantelli Aboin Gomes and Fabr'icio Baccaro and Pl'inio Barbosa Camargo and Paulo Barni and Jorcely Barroso and Luis Carlos Bernacci and Kauane Bordin and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Igor Broggio and José Lu'is Camargo and Domingos Cardoso and Maria Antonia Carniello and Andre Luis Casarin Rochelle and Carolina Castilho and Antonio Alberto Jorge Farias Castro and Wendeson Castro and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and Flávia Costa and Rodrigo Costa Oliveira and Italo Coutinho and John Cunha and Lola Costa and Lucia Costa Ferreira and Richarlly Costa Silva and Marta Zacarias Simbine and Vitor Andrade Kamimura and Haroldo Cavalcante Lima and Lia Oliveira Melo and Luciano Queiroz and José Romualdo Sousa Lima and Mário Esp'irito Santo and Tomas Domingues and Nayane Cristina Santos Prestes and Steffan Eduardo Silva Carneiro and Fernando Elias and Gabriel Eliseu and Thaise Emilio and Camila La'is Farrapo and Let'icia Fernandes and Gustavo Ferreira and Joice Ferreira and Leandro Ferreira and Socorro Ferreira and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and Maria Aparecida Freitas and Queila S Garc'ia and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and Paulo Grac ca and Frederico Guilherme and Eduardo Hase and Niro Higuchi and Mariana Iguatemy and Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa and Margarita Jaramillo and Carlos Joly and Joice Klipel and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Carolina Levis and Antonio S Lima and Maur'icio Lima Dan and Aline Lopes and Herison Madeiros and William E Magnusson and Rubens Manoel Santos and Beatriz Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Roberta Marotti Martelletti Grillo and Luiz Martinelli and Simone Matias Reis and Salom ao Medeiros and Milton Meira-Junior and Thiago Metzker and Paulo Morandi and Natanael Moreira Nascimento and Magna Moura and Sandra Cristina Müller and Laszlo Nagy and Henrique Nascimento and Marcelo Nascimento and Adriano Nogueira Lima and Raimunda Oliveira Ara'ujo and Jhonathan Oliveira Silva and Marcelo Pansonato and Gabriel Pavan Sabino and Karla Maria Pedra Abreu and Pablo José Francisco Pena Rodrigues and Maria Piedade and Domingos Rodrigues and José Roberto Rodrigues Pinto and Carlos Quesada and Eliana Ramos and Rafael Ramos and Priscyla Rodrigues and Thaiane Rodrigues Sousa and Rafael Salom ao and Flávia Santana and Marcos Scaranello and Rodrigo Scarton Bergamin and Juliana Schietti and Jochen Schöngart and Gustavo Schwartz and Natalino Silva and Marcos Silveira and Cristiana Sim ao Seixas and Marta Simbine and Ana Claudia Souza and Priscila Souza and Rodolfo Souza and Tereza Sposito and Edson Stefani Junior and Julio Daniel Vale and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Dora Villela and Marcos Vital and Haron Xaud and Katia Zanini and Charles Eugene Zartman and Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris and Faizah Binti Hj Metali and Kamariah Abu Salim and Muhd Shahruney Saparudin and Rafizah Mat Serudin and Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri and Serge Begne and George Chuyong and Marie Noel Djuikouo and Christelle Gonmadje and Murielle Simo-Droissart and Bonaventure Sonké and Hermann Taedoumg and Lise Zemagho and Sean Thomas and Fid`ele Baya and Gustavo Saiz and Javier Silva Espejo and Dexiang Chen and Alan Hamilton and Yide Li and Tushou Luo and Shukui Niu and Han Xu and Zhang Zhou and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and Juan Carlos Andrés Escobar and Henry Arellano-Pe na and Jaime Cabezas Duarte and Jhon Calderón and Lina Maria Corrales Bravo and Borish Cuadrado and Hermes Cuadros and Alvaro Duque and Luisa Fernanda Duque and Sandra Milena Espinosa and Rebeca Franke-Ante and Hernando Garc'ia and Alejandro Gómez and Roy González-M. and Álvaro Idárraga-Piedrah'ita and Eliana Jimenez and Rubén Jurado and Wilmar López Oviedo and René López-Camacho and Omar Aurelio Melo Cruz and Irina Mendoza Polo and Edwin Paky and Karen Pérez and Angel Pijachi and Camila Pizano and Adriana Prieto and Laura Ramos and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and James Richardson and Elkin Rodr'iguez and Gina M Rodriguez M. and Agust'in Rudas and Pablo Stevenson and Markéta Chudomelová and Martin Dancak and Radim Hédl and Stanislav Lhota and Martin Svatek and Jacques Mukinzi and Corneille Ewango and Terese Hart and Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu and Janvier Lisingo and Jean-Remy Makana and Faustin Mbayu and Benjamin Toirambe and John Tshibamba Mukendi and Lars Kvist and Gustav Nebel and Selene Báez and Carlos Céron and Daniel M Griffith and Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino and David Neill and Walter Palacios and Maria Cristina Pe nuela-Mora and Gonzalo Rivas-Torres and Gorky Villa and Sheleme Demissie and Tadesse Gole and Techane Gonfa and Kalle Ruokolainen and Michel Baisie and Fabrice Bénédet and Wemo Betian and Vincent Bezard and Damien Bonal and Jer^ome Chave and Vincent Droissart and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury and Annette Hladik and Nicolas Labri`ere and Pétrus Naisso and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Plinio Sist and Lilian Blanc and Benoit Burban and Géraldine Derroire and Aurélie Dourdain and Clement Stahl and Natacha Nssi Bengone and Eric Chezeaux and Fid`ele Evouna Ondo and Vincent Medjibe and Vianet Mihindou and Lee White and Heike Culmsee and Cristabel Durán Rangel and Viviana Horna and Florian Wittmann and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Ernest Foli and Michael Balinga and Anand Roopsind and James Singh and Raquel Thomas and Roderick Zagt and Indu K Murthy and Kuswata Kartawinata and Edi Mirmanto and Hari Priyadi and Ismayadi Samsoedin and Terry Sunderland and Ishak Yassir and Francesco Rovero and Barbara Vinceti and Bruno Hérault and Shin-Ichiro Aiba and Kanehiro Kitayama and Armandu Daniels and Darlington Tuagben and John T Woods and Muhammad Fitriadi and Alexander Karolus and Kho Lip Khoon and Noreen Majalap and Colin Maycock and Reuben Nilus and Sylvester Tan and Almeida Sitoe and Indiana Coronado G. and Lucas Ojo and Rafael Assis and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and Douglas Sheil and Karen Arévalo Pezo and Hans Buttgenbach Verde and Victor Chama Moscoso and Jimmy Cesar Cordova Oroche and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Massiel Corrales Medina and Nallaret Davila Cardozo and Jano Rutte Corzo and Jhon Aguila Pasquel and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Luis Freitas and Darcy Galiano Cabrera and Roosevelt Garc'ia Villacorta and Karina Garcia Cabrera and Diego Garc'ia Soria and Leticia Gatica Saboya and Julio Miguel Grandez Rios and Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango and Eur'idice Honorio Coronado and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Yuri Tomas Huillca Aedo and Jose Luis Marcelo Pe na and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Vanesa Moreano Rodriguez and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Sonia Cesarina Palacios Ramos and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Antonio Pe na Cruz and Freddy Ramirez Arevalo and José Reyna Huaymacari and Carlos Reynel Rodriguez and Marcos Antonio R'ios Paredes and Lily Rodriguez Bayona and Rocio Pilar Rojas Gonzales and Maria Elena Rojas Pe na and Norma Salinas Revilla and Yahn Carlos Soto Shareva and Raul Tupayachi Trujillo and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Jim Vega Arenas and Christian Amani and Suspense Averti Ifo and Yannick Bocko and Patrick Boundja and Romeo Ekoungoulou and Mireille Hockemba and Donatien Nzala and Alusine Fofanah and David Taylor and Guillermo Ba nares-de Dios and Luis Cayuela and 'I nigo Granzow-de Cerda and Manuel Mac'ia and Juliana Stropp and Maureen Playfair and Verginia Wortel and Toby Gardner and Robert Muscarella and Hari Priyadi and Ervan Rutishauser and Kuo-Jung Chao and Pantaleo Munishi and Olaf Bánki and Frans Bongers and Rene Boot and Gabriella Fredriksson and Jan Reitsma and Hans Steege and Tinde Andel and Peter Meer and Peter Hout and Mark Nieuwstadt and Bert Ulft and Elmar Veenendaal and Ronald Vernimmen and Pieter Zuidema and Joeri Zwerts and Perpetra Akite and Robert Bitariho and Colin Chapman and Eilu Gerald and Miguel Leal and Patrick Mucunguzi and Katharine Abernethy and Miguel Alexiades and Timothy R Baker and Karina Banda and Lindsay Banin and Jos Barlow and Amy Bennett and Erika Berenguer and Nicholas Berry and Neil M Bird and George A Blackburn and Francis Brearley and Roel Brienen and David Burslem and Lidiany Carvalho and Percival Cho and Fernanda Coelho and Murray Collins and David Coomes and Aida Cuni-Sanchez and Greta Dargie and Kyle Dexter and Mat Disney and Freddie Draper and Muying Duan and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Robert Ewers and Belen Fadrique and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Filipe Franc ca and David Galbraith and Martin Gilpin and Emanuel Gloor and John Grace and Keith Hamer and David Harris and Kath Jeffery and Tommaso Jucker and Michelle Kalamandeen and Bente Klitgaard and Aurora Levesley and Simon L Lewis and Jeremy Lindsell and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Jon Lovett and Yadvinder Malhi and Toby Marthews and Emma McIntosh and Karina Melgac co and William Milliken and Edward Mitchard and Peter Moonlight and Sam Moore and Alexandra Morel and Julie Peacock and Kelvin S-H Peh and Colin Pendry and R Toby Pennington and Luciana Oliveira Pereira and Carlos Peres and Oliver L Phillips and Georgia Pickavance and Thomas Pugh and Lan Qie and Terhi Riutta and Katherine Roucoux and Casey Ryan and Tiina Sarkinen and Camila Silva Valeria and Dominick Spracklen and Suzanne Stas and Martin Sullivan and Michael Swaine and Joey Talbot and James Taplin and Geertje Heijden and Laura Vedovato and Simon Willcock and Mathew Williams and Luciana Alves and Patricia Alvarez Loayza and Gabriel Arellano and Cheryl Asa and Peter Ashton and Gregory Asner and Terry Brncic and Foster Brown and Robyn Burnham and Connie Clark and James Comiskey and Gabriel Damasco and Stuart Davies and Tony Di Fiore and Terry Erwin and William Farfan-Rios and Jefferson Hall and David Kenfack and Thomas Lovejoy and Roberta Martin and Olga Martha Montiel and John Pipoly and Nigel Pitman and John Poulsen and Richard Primack and Miles Silman and Marc Steininger and Varun Swamy and John Terborgh and Duncan Thomas and Peter Umunay and Maria Uriarte and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth Young and Gerardo A Aymard C. and Lionel Hernández and Rafael Herrera Fernández and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Pedro Salcedo and Elio Sanoja and Julio Serrano and Armando Torres-Lezama and Tinh Cong Le and Trai Trong Le and Hieu Dang Tran},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/ForestPlotsnet_Taking_the_pulse_of_forests_plot_networks_BiolCons_2021.pdf},

doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108849},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

urldate = {2021-08-01},

journal = {Biol. Conserv.},

volume = {260},

number = {108849},

pages = {108849},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Abstract

Tropical forests are the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth. While better understanding of these forests is critical for our collective future, until quite recently efforts to measure and monitor them have been largely disconnected. Networking is essential to discover the answers to questions that transcend borders and the horizons of funding agencies. Here we show how a global community is responding to the challenges of tropical ecosystem research with diverse teams measuring forests tree-by-tree in thousands of long-term plots. We review the major scientific discoveries of this work and show how this process is changing tropical forest science. Our core approach involves linking long-term grassroots initiatives with standardized protocols and data management to generate robust scaled-up results. By connecting tropical researchers and elevating their status, our Social Research Network model recognises the key role of the data originator in scientific discovery. Conceived in 1999 with RAINFOR (South America), our permanent plot networks have been adapted to Africa (AfriTRON) and Southeast Asia (T-FORCES) and widely emulated worldwide. Now these multiple initiatives are integrated via ForestPlots.net cyber-infrastructure, linking colleagues from 54 countries across 24 plot networks. Collectively these are transforming understanding of tropical forests and their biospheric role. Together we have discovered how, where and why forest carbon and biodiversity are responding to climate change, and how they feedback on it. This long-term pan-tropical collaboration has revealed a large long-term carbon sink and its trends, as well as making clear which drivers are most important, which forest processes are affected, where they are changing, what the lags are, and the likely future responses of tropical forests as the climate continues to change. By leveraging a remarkably old technology, plot networks are sparking a very modern revolution in tropical forest science. In the future, humanity can benefit greatly by nurturing the grassroots communities now collectively capable of generating unique, long-term understanding of Earth's most precious forests.



Resumen

Los bosques tropicales son los ecosistemas más diversos y productivos del mundo y entender su funcionamiento es crítico para nuestro futuro colectivo. Sin embargo, hasta hace muy poco, los esfuerzos para medirlos y monitorearlos han estado muy desconectados. El trabajo en redes es esencial para descubrir las respuestas a preguntas que trascienden las fronteras y los plazos de las agencias de financiamiento. Aquí mostramos cómo una comunidad global está respondiendo a los desafíos de la investigación en ecosistemas tropicales a través de diversos equipos realizando mediciones árbol por árbol en miles de parcelas permanentes de largo plazo. Revisamos los descubrimientos más importantes de este trabajo y discutimos cómo este proceso está cambiando la ciencia relacionada a los bosques tropicales. El enfoque central de nuestro esfuerzo implica la conexión de iniciativas locales de largo plazo con protocolos estandarizados y manejo de datos para producir resultados que se puedan trasladar a múltiples escalas. Conectando investigadores tropicales, elevando su posición y estatus, nuestro modelo de Red Social de Investigación reconoce el rol fundamental que tienen, para el descubrimiento científico, quienes generan o producen los datos. Concebida en 1999 con RAINFOR (Suramérica), nuestras redes de parcelas permanentes han sido adaptadas en África (AfriTRON) y el sureste asiático (T-FORCES) y ampliamente replicadas en el mundo. Actualmente todas estas iniciativas están integradas a través de la ciber-infraestructura de ForestPlots.net, conectando colegas de 54 países en 24 redes diferentes de parcelas. Colectivamente, estas redes están transformando nuestro conocimiento sobre los bosques tropicales y el rol de éstos en la biósfera. Juntos hemos descubierto cómo, dónde y porqué el carbono y la biodiversidad de los bosques tropicales está respondiendo al cambio climático y cómo se retroalimentan. Esta colaboración pan-tropical de largo plazo ha expuesto un gran sumidero de carbono y sus tendencias, mostrando claramente cuáles son los factores más importantes, qué procesos se ven afectados, dónde ocurren los cambios, los tiempos de reacción y las probables respuestas futuras mientras el clima continúa cambiando. Apalancando lo que realmente es una tecnología antigua, las redes de parcelas están generando una verdadera y moderna revolución en la ciencia tropical. En el futuro, la humanidad puede beneficiarse enormemente si se nutren y cultivan comunidades de investigadores de base, actualmente con la capacidad de generar información única y de largo plazo para entender los que probablemente son los bosques más preciados de la tierra.



Resumo

Florestas tropicais são os ecossistemas mais diversos e produtivos da Terra. Embora uma boa compreensão destas florestas seja crucial para o nosso futuro coletivo, até muito recentemente os esforços de medições e monitoramento tem sido amplamente desconexos. É essencial formarmos redes para obtermos respostas que transcendam as fronteiras e horizontes das agências financiadoras. Neste estudo nós mostramos como uma comunidade global está respondendo aos desafios da pesquisa de ecossistemas tropicais, com equipes diversas medindo florestas, árvore por árvore, em milhares de parcelas monitoradas a longo prazo. Nós revisamos as maiores descobertas científicas deste esforço global, e mostramos também como este processo vem mudando a ciência de florestas tropicais. Nossa abordagem principal envolve unir iniciativas de base a protocolos padronizados e gerenciamento de dados a fim de gerar resultados robustos em grandes escalas. Ao conectar pesquisadores tropicais e elevar seus status, nosso modelo de Rede de Pesquisa Social reconhece o papel chave do produtor dos dados na descoberta científica. Concebida em 1999 com o RAINFOR (América do Sul), nossa rede de parcelas permanentes foi adaptada para África (AfriTRON) e Sudeste Asiático (T-FORCES), e tem sido extensamente reproduzida em todo o mundo. Agora estas múltiplas iniciativas estão integradas através da infraestrutura cibernética do ForestPlots.net, conectando colegas de 54 países e 24 redes de parcelas. Estas iniciativas estão transformando coletivamente o entendimento das florestas tropicais e seus papéis na biosfera. Juntos nós descobrimos como, onde e por que o carbono e a biodiversidade da floresta estão respondendo às mudanças climáticas, e seus efeitos de retroalimentação. Esta duradoura colaboração pantropical revelou um grande sumidouro de carbono persistente e suas tendências, assim como tem evidenciado quais os fatores que influenciam essas tendências, quais processos florestais são mais afetados, onde eles estão mudando, seus atrasos no tempo de resposta, e as prováveis respostas das florestas tropicais conforme o clima continua a mudar. Dessa forma, aproveitando uma notável tecnologia antiga, redes de parcelas acendem as faíscas de uma moderna revolução na ciência das florestas tropicais. No futuro a humanidade pode se beneficiar incentivando estas comunidades locais que agora são coletivamente capazes de gerar conhecimentos únicos e duradouros sobre as florestas mais preciosas da Terra.



Résume

Les forêts tropicales sont les écosystèmes les plus diversifiés et les plus productifs de la planète. Si une meilleure compréhension de ces forêts est essentielle pour notre avenir collectif, jusqu'à tout récemment, les efforts déployés pour les mesurer et les surveiller ont été largement déconnectés. La mise en réseau est essentielle pour découvrir les réponses à des questions qui dépassent les frontières et les horizons des organismes de financement. Nous montrons ici comment une communauté mondiale relève les défis de la recherche sur les écosystèmes tropicaux avec diverses équipes qui mesurent les forêts arbre après arbre dans de milliers de parcelles permanentes. Nous passons en revue les principales découvertes scientifiques de ces travaux et montrons comment ce processus modifie la science des forêts tropicales. Notre approche principale consiste à relier les initiatives de base à long terme à des protocoles standardisés et une gestion de données afin de générer des résultats solides à grande échelle. En reliant les chercheurs tropicaux et en élevant leur statut, notre modèle de réseau de recherche sociale reconnaît le rôle clé de l'auteur des données dans la découverte scientifique. Conçus en 1999 avec RAINFOR (Amérique du Sud), nos réseaux de parcelles permanentes ont été adaptés à l'Afrique (AfriTRON) et à l'Asie du Sud-Est (T-FORCES) et largement imités dans le monde entier. Ces multiples initiatives sont désormais intégrées via l'infrastructure ForestPlots.net, qui relie des collègues de 54 pays à travers 24 réseaux de parcelles. Ensemble, elles transforment la compréhension des forêts tropicales et de leur rôle biosphérique. Ensemble, nous avons découvert comment, où et pourquoi le carbone forestier et la biodiversité réagissent au changement climatique, et comment ils y réagissent. Cette collaboration pan-tropicale à long terme a révélé un important puits de carbone à long terme et ses tendances, tout en mettant en évidence les facteurs les plus importants, les processus forestiers qui sont affectés, les endroits où ils changent, les décalages et les réactions futures probables des forêts tropicales à mesure que le climat continue de changer. En tirant parti d'une technologie remarquablement ancienne, les réseaux de parcelles déclenchent une révolution très moderne dans la science des forêts tropicales. À l'avenir, l'humanité pourra grandement bénéficier du soutien des communautés de base qui sont maintenant collectivement capables de générer une compréhension unique et à long terme des forêts les plus précieuses de la Terre.



Abstrak

Hutan tropika adalah di antara ekosistem yang paling produktif dan mempunyai kepelbagaian biodiversiti yang tinggi di seluruh dunia. Walaupun pemahaman mengenai hutan tropika amat penting untuk masa depan kita, usaha-usaha untuk mengkaji dan mengawas hutah-hutan tersebut baru sekarang menjadi lebih diperhubungkan. Perangkaian adalah sangat penting untuk mencari jawapan kepada soalan-soalan yang menjangkaui sempadan dan batasan agensi pendanaan. Di sini kami menunjukkan bagaimana sebuah komuniti global bertindak balas terhadap cabaran penyelidikan ekosistem tropika melalui penglibatan pelbagai kumpulan yang mengukur hutan secara pokok demi pokok dalam beribu-ribu plot jangka panjang. Kami meninjau semula penemuan saintifik utama daripada kerja ini dan menunjukkan bagaimana proses ini sedang mengubah bidang sains hutan tropika. Teras pendekatan kami memberi tumpuan terhadap penghubungan inisiatif akar umbi jangka panjang dengan protokol standar serta pengurusan data untuk mendapatkan hasil skala besar yang kukuh. Dengan menghubungkan penyelidik-penyelidik tropika dan meningkatkan status mereka, model Rangkaian Penyelidikan Sosial kami mengiktiraf kepentingan peranan pengasas data dalam penemuan saintifik. Bermula dengan pengasasan RAINFOR (Amerika Selatan) pada tahun 1999, rangkaian-rangkaian plot kekal kami kemudian disesuaikan untuk Afrika (AfriTRON) dan Asia Tenggara (T-FORCES) dan selanjutnya telah banyak dicontohi di seluruh dunia. Kini, inisiatif-inisiatif tersebut disepadukan melalui infrastruktur siber ForestPlots.net yang menghubungkan rakan sekerja dari 54 negara di 24 buah rangkaian plot. Secara kolektif, rangkaian ini sedang mengubah pemahaman tentang hutan tropika dan peranannya dalam biosfera. Kami telah bekerjasama untuk menemukan bagaimana, di mana dan mengapa karbon serta biodiversiti hutan bertindak balas terhadap perubahan iklim dan juga bagaimana mereka saling bermaklum balas. Kolaborasi pan-tropika jangka panjang ini telah mendedahkan sebuah sinki karbon jangka panjang serta arah alirannya dan juga menjelaskan pemandu-pemandu perubahan yang terpenting, di mana dan bagaimana proses hutan terjejas, masa susul yang ada dan kemungkinan tindakbalas hutan tropika pada perubahan iklim secara berterusan di masa depan. Dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan lama, rangkaian plot sedang menyalakan revolusi yang amat moden dalam sains hutan tropika. Pada masa akan datang, manusia sejagat akan banyak mendapat manfaat jika memupuk komuniti-komuniti akar umbi yang kini berkemampuan secara kolektif menghasilkan pemahaman unik dan jangka panjang mengenai hutan-hutan yang paling berharga di dunia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{GuimarãesVieira2021-ep,

title = {O amazônida Samuel Soares de Almeida (1958-2011)},

author = {Ima Célia Guimarães-Vieira and Ulisses Galatti and Dário Amara},

doi = {10.46357/bcnaturais.v6i2.622},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-03-01},

journal = {bcnaturais},

volume = {6},

number = {2},

pages = {209--213},

publisher = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi},

abstract = {Texto em PDF},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Honorio_Coronado2021-wj,

title = {Intensive field sampling increases the known extent of carbon-rich Amazonian peatland pole forests},

author = {Euridice N Honorio-Coronado and Adam Hastie and José Reyna and Gerardo Flores and Julio Grández and Outi Lähteenoja and Frederick C Draper and Christine M Åkesson and Timothy R Baker and Rupesh K Bhomia and Lydia E S Cole and Nállarett Dávila and Jhon Del Águila and Margarita Del Águila and Dennis Del Castillo Torres and Ian T Lawson and Manuel Mart'in Bra nas and Ed T A Mitchard and Abel Monteagudo and Oliver L Phillips and Eliseo Ram'irez and Marcos R'ios and Sandra R'ios and Lily Rodriguez and Katherine H Roucoux and Ximena Tagle Casapia and Rodolfo Vasquez and Charlotte E Wheeler and Mariana Montoya},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Honorio_Coronado_2021_Environ._Res._Lett._16_074048.pdf},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac0e65},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-01},

urldate = {2021-07-01},

journal = {Environ. Res. Lett.},

volume = {16},

number = {7},

pages = {074048},

publisher = {IOP Publishing},

abstract = {Abstract Peatland pole forest is the most carbon-dense ecosystem in Amazonia, but its spatial distribution and species composition are poorly known. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified variation in the floristic composition, peat thickness, and the amount of carbon stored above and below ground of 102 forest plots and 53 transects in northern Peruvian Amazonia. This large dataset includes 571 ground reference points of peat thickness measurements across six ecosystem types. These field data were also used to generate a new land-cover classification based on multiple satellite products using a random forest classification. Peatland pole forests are floristically distinctive and dominated by thin-stemmed woody species such as Pachira nitida (Malvaceae), Platycarpum loretense (Rubiaceae), and Hevea guianensis (Euphorbiaceae). In contrast, palm swamps and open peatlands are dominated by Mauritia flexuosa (Arecaceae). Peatland pole forests have high peat thickness (274 $pm$ 22 cm, mean $pm$ 95% CI},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Loubota_Panzou2021-es,

title = {Pantropical variability in tree crown allometry},

author = {Grace Jopaul Loubota-Panzou and Adeline Fayolle and Tommaso Jucker and Oliver L Phillips and Stephanie Bohlman and Lindsay F Banin and Simon L Lewis and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Luciana F Alves and Cécile Antin and Eric Arets and Luzmila Arroyo and Timothy R Baker and Nicolas Barbier and Hans Beeckman and Uta Berger and Yannick Enock Bocko and Frans Bongers and Sam Bowers and Thom Brade and Eduardo S Brondizio and Arthur Chantrain and Jerome Chave and Halidou Compaore and David Coomes and Adama Diallo and Arildo S Dias and Kangbéni Dimobe and Gloria Djaney Djagbletey and Tomas Domingues and Jean-Louis Doucet and Thomas Drouet and Eric Forni and John L Godlee and Rosa C Goodman and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury and Fidele Hien and Yoshiko Iida and Bhely Angoboy Ilondea and Jonathan Ilunga Muledi and Pierre Jacques and Shem Kuyah and Jorge López-Portillo and Jean Jo"el Loumeto and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Sylvanus Mensah and Edward T A Mitchard and Glenn R Moncrieff and Ayyappan Narayanan and Sean T O'Brien and Korotimi Ouedraogo and Michael W Palace and Raphael Pelissier and Pierre Ploton and Lourens Poorter and Casey M Ryan and Gustavo Saiz and Karin Santos and Michael Schlund and Giacomo Sellan and Bonaventure Sonke and Frank Sterck and Quentin Thibaut and Yorick Van Hoef and Elmar Veenendaal and Alejandra G Vovides and Yaozhan Xu and Tze Leong Yao and Ted R Feldpausch},

doi = {10.1111/geb.13231},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-01},

urldate = {2021-02-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

volume = {30},

number = {2},

pages = {459--475},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Malhi2021-uh,

title = {The Global Ecosystems Monitoring network: Monitoring ecosystem productivity and carbon cycling across the tropics},

author = {Yadvinder Malhi and Cécile Girardin and Daniel B Metcalfe and Christopher E Doughty and Luiz E O C Arag ao and Sami W Rifai and Immaculada Oliveras and Alexander Shenkin and Jesus Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Cecilia A L Dahlsjö and Terhi Riutta and Erika Berenguer and Sam Moore and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Norma Salinas and Antonio Carlos Lola Costa and Lisa Patrick Bentley and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Toby R Marthews and Patrick Meir and Oliver L Phillips},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Malhi_et_al_GEM_network_Biological_Conservation_2021_sm.pdf},

doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108889},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biol. Conserv.},

volume = {253},

number = {108889},

pages = {108889},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Monteagudo2021,

title = {Trees of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu: Long-term diversity and carbon monitoring},

author = {Abel Monteagudo and Percy Núñez and Washington Galiano and Alfredo Tupayachi and Luis Valenzuela and Gloria Calatayud Hermoza and Isau Huamantupa Chuquimaco},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/09/Arboles-SHM-2300-2-10-20210729.pdf},

doi = {10.51343/rq.v12i1.766},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-01},

urldate = {2021-07-01},

journal = {Q'EUÑA},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

pages = {21--43},

publisher = {Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Signoripmid33875648,

title = {Non-structural carbohydrates mediate seasonal water stress across Amazon forests},

author = {Caroline Signori-Müller and Rafael S Oliveira and Fernanda de Vasconcellos Barros and Julia Valentim Tavares and Martin Gilpin and Francisco Carvalho Diniz and Manuel J Marca Zevallos and Carlos A Salas Yupayccana and Martin Acosta and Jean Bacca and Rudi S Cruz Chino and Gina M Aramayo Cuellar and Edwin R M Cumapa and Franklin Martinez and Flor M Pérez Mullisaca and Alex Nina and Jesus M Bañon Sanchez and Leticia Fernandes da Silva and Ligia Tello and José Sanchez Tintaya and Maira T Martinez Ugarteche and Timothy R Baker and Paulo R L Bittencourt and Laura S Borma and Mauro Brum and Wendeson Castro and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Eric G Cosio and Ted R Feldpausch and Letícia d'Agosto Miguel Fonseca and Emanuel Gloor and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Yadvinder Malhi and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Victor Chama Moscoso and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Oliver L Phillips and Norma Salinas and Marcos Silveira and Joey Talbot and Rodolfo Vasquez and Maurizio Mencuccini and David Galbraith},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-22378-8},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

pages = {2310},

abstract = {Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and branch NSC data for 82 Amazon canopy tree species in six sites spanning a broad precipitation gradient. During the wet season, total NSC (NSC) concentrations in both organs were remarkably similar across communities. However, NSC and its soluble sugar (SS) and starch components varied much more across sites during the dry season. Notably, the proportion of leaf NSC in the form of SS (SS:NSC) increased greatly in the dry season in almost all species in the driest sites, implying an important role of SS in mediating water stress in these sites. This adjustment of leaf NSC balance was not observed in tree species less-adapted to water deficit, even under exceptionally dry conditions. Thus, leaf carbon metabolism may help to explain floristic sorting across water availability gradients in Amazonia and enable better prediction of forest responses to future climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Aguirre-Gutiérrezpmid32620761,

title = {Long-term droughts may drive drier tropical forests towards increased functional, taxonomic and phylogenetic homogeneity},

author = {Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Yadvinder Malhi and Simon L Lewis and Sophie Fauset and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Timothy R Baker and Agne Gvozdevaite and Wannes Hubau and Sam Moore and Theresa Peprah and Kasia Ziemińska and Oliver L Phillips and Imma Oliveras},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-16973-4},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {3346},

abstract = {Tropical ecosystems adapted to high water availability may be highly impacted by climatic changes that increase soil and atmospheric moisture deficits. Many tropical regions are experiencing significant changes in climatic conditions, which may induce strong shifts in taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of forest communities. However, it remains unclear if and to what extent tropical forests are shifting in these facets of diversity along climatic gradients in response to climate change. Here, we show that changes in climate affected all three facets of diversity in West Africa in recent decades. Taxonomic and functional diversity increased in wetter forests but tended to decrease in forests with drier climate. Phylogenetic diversity showed a large decrease along a wet-dry climatic gradient. Notably, we find that all three facets of diversity tended to be higher in wetter forests. Drier forests showed functional, taxonomic and phylogenetic homogenization. Understanding how different facets of diversity respond to a changing environment across climatic gradients is essential for effective long-term conservation of tropical forest ecosystems.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baker2020-ya,

title = {From plots to policy: How to ensure long‐term forest plot data supports environmental management in intact tropical forest landscapes},

author = {Timothy R Baker and Edgar Vicu na Mi nano and Karina Banda-R and Dennis Castillo Torres and William Farfan-Rios and Ian T Lawson and Eva Loja Alemán and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Miles R Silman and Katherine H Roucoux and Oliver L Phillips and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Roc'io Rojas Gonzáles},

doi = {10.1002/ppp3.10154},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-01},

urldate = {2020-10-01},

journal = {Plants People Planet},

number = {ppp3.10154},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Esquivel-Muelbert_pmid33168823,

title = {Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests},

author = {Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Oliver L Phillips and Roel J W Brienen and Sophie Fauset and Martin J P Sullivan and Timothy R Baker and Kuo-Jung Chao and Ted R Feldpausch and Emanuel Gloor and Niro Higuchi and Jeanne Houwing-Duistermaat and Jon Lloyd and Haiyan Liu and Yadvinder Malhi and Beatriz Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Lourens Poorter and Marcos Silveira and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Esteban Alvarez Dávila and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Everton Almeida and Patricia Alvarez Loayza and Ana Andrade and Luiz E O C Aragão and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric Arets and Luzmila Arroyo and Gerardo A Aymard C and Michel Baisie and Christopher Baraloto and Plínio Barbosa Camargo and Jorcely Barroso and Lilian Blanc and Damien Bonal and Frans Bongers and René Boot and Foster Brown and Benoit Burban and José Luís Camargo and Wendeson Castro and Victor Chama Moscoso and Jerome Chave and James Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Antonio Lola da Costa and Nallaret Davila Cardozo and Anthony Di Fiore and Aurélie Dourdain and Terry Erwin and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira and Rafael Herrera and Eurídice Honorio Coronado and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Timothy Killeen and Susan Laurance and William Laurance and Aurora Levesley and Simon L Lewis and Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço Ladvocat and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Thomas Lovejoy and Patrick Meir and Casimiro Mendoza and Paulo Morandi and David Neill and Adriano José Nogueira Lima and Percy Nuñez Vargas and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Guido Pardo and Julie Peacock and Marielos Peña-Claros and Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora and Georgia Pickavance and John Pipoly and Nigel Pitman and Adriana Prieto and Thomas A M Pugh and Carlos Quesada and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Simone Matias de Almeida Reis and Maxime Rejou-Machain and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and Lily Rodriguez Bayona and Agustín Rudas and Rafael Salomão and Julio Serrano and Javier Silva Espejo and Natalino Silva and James Singh and Clement Stahl and Juliana Stropp and Varun Swamy and Joey Talbot and Hans Ter Steege and John Terborgh and Raquel Thomas and Marisol Toledo and Armando Torres-Lezama and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Geertje van der Heijden and Peter van der Meer and Peter van der Hout and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo and Vincent Vos and Roderick Zagt and Pieter Zuidema and David Galbraith},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/AEM_s41467-020-18996-3.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-18996-3},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {5515},

abstract = {The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted-modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth-survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hubaupmid32132693,

title = {Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in African and Amazonian tropical forests},

author = {Wannes Hubau and Simon L Lewis and Oliver L Phillips and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Hans Beeckman and Aida Cuní-Sanchez and Armandu K Daniels and Corneille E N Ewango and Sophie Fauset and Jacques M Mukinzi and Douglas Sheil and Bonaventure Sonké and Martin J P Sullivan and Terry C H Sunderland and Hermann Taedoumg and Sean C Thomas and Lee J T White and Katharine A Abernethy and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Christian A Amani and Timothy R Baker and Lindsay F Banin and Fidèle Baya and Serge K Begne and Amy C Bennett and Fabrice Benedet and Robert Bitariho and Yannick E Bocko and Pascal Boeckx and Patrick Boundja and Roel J W Brienen and Terry Brncic and Eric Chezeaux and George B Chuyong and Connie J Clark and Murray Collins and James A Comiskey and David A Coomes and Greta C Dargie and Thales de Haulleville and Marie Noel Djuikouo Kamdem and Jean-Louis Doucet and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Ted R Feldpausch and Alusine Fofanah and Ernest G Foli and Martin Gilpin and Emanuel Gloor and Christelle Gonmadje and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury and Jefferson S Hall and Alan C Hamilton and David J Harris and Terese B Hart and Mireille B N Hockemba and Annette Hladik and Suspense A Ifo and Kathryn J Jeffery and Tommaso Jucker and Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu and Elizabeth Kearsley and David Kenfack and Alexander Koch and Miguel E Leal and Aurora Levesley and Jeremy A Lindsell and Janvier Lisingo and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Jon C Lovett and Jean-Remy Makana and Yadvinder Malhi and Andrew R Marshall and Jim Martin and Emanuel H Martin and Faustin M Mbayu and Vincent P Medjibe and Vianet Mihindou and Edward T A Mitchard and Sam Moore and Pantaleo K T Munishi and Natacha Nssi Bengone and Lucas Ojo and Fidèle Evouna Ondo and Kelvin S-H Peh and Georgia C Pickavance and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and John R Poulsen and Lan Qie and Jan Reitsma and Francesco Rovero and Michael D Swaine and Joey Talbot and James Taplin and David M Taylor and Duncan W Thomas and Benjamin Toirambe and John Tshibamba Mukendi and Darlington Tuagben and Peter M Umunay and Geertje M F van der Heijden and Hans Verbeeck and Jason Vleminckx and Simon Willcock and Hannsjörg Wöll and John T Woods and Lise Zemagho},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Hubau_et-al-Nature-2020_op3.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/s41586-020-2035-0},

issn = {1476-4687},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {579},

number = {7797},

pages = {80--87},

abstract = {Structurally intact tropical forests sequestered about half of the global terrestrial carbon uptake over the 1990s and early 2000s, removing about 15 per cent of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Climate-driven vegetation models typically predict that this tropical forest 'carbon sink' will continue for decades. Here we assess trends in the carbon sink using 244 structurally intact African tropical forests spanning 11 countries, compare them with 321 published plots from Amazonia and investigate the underlying drivers of the trends. The carbon sink in live aboveground biomass in intact African tropical forests has been stable for the three decades to 2015, at 0.66 tonnes of carbon per hectare per year (95 per cent confidence interval 0.53-0.79), in contrast to the long-term decline in Amazonian forests. Therefore the carbon sink responses of Earth's two largest expanses of tropical forest have diverged. The difference is largely driven by carbon losses from tree mortality, with no detectable multi-decadal trend in Africa and a long-term increase in Amazonia. Both continents show increasing tree growth, consistent with the expected net effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and air temperature. Despite the past stability of the African carbon sink, our most intensively monitored plots suggest a post-2010 increase in carbon losses, delayed compared to Amazonia, indicating asynchronous carbon sink saturation on the two continents. A statistical model including carbon dioxide, temperature, drought and forest dynamics accounts for the observed trends and indicates a long-term future decline in the African sink, whereas the Amazonian sink continues to weaken rapidly. Overall, the uptake of carbon into Earth's intact tropical forests peaked in the 1990s. Given that the global terrestrial carbon sink is increasing in size, independent observations indicating greater recent carbon uptake into the Northern Hemisphere landmass reinforce our conclusion that the intact tropical forest carbon sink has already peaked. This saturation and ongoing decline of the tropical forest carbon sink has consequences for policies intended to stabilize Earth's climate.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kalamandeen2020-eg,

title = {Limited biomass recovery from gold mining in Amazonian forests},

author = {Michelle Kalamandeen and Emanuel Gloor and Isaac Johnson and Shenelle Agard and Martin Katow and Ashmore Vanbrooke and David Ashley and Sarah A Batterman and Guy Ziv and Kaslyn Holder-Collins and Oliver L Phillips and Eduardo S Brondizio and Ima Vieira and David Galbraith},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2664.13669},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-01},

journal = {J. Appl. Ecol.},

volume = {57},

number = {9},

pages = {1730--1740},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kattge2020-rf,

title = {TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access},

author = {Jens Kattge and Gerhard Bönisch and Sandra D'iaz and Sandra Lavorel and Iain Colin Prentice and Paul Leadley and Susanne Tautenhahn and Gijsbert D A Werner and Tuomas Aakala and Mehdi Abedi and Alicia T R Acosta and George C Adamidis and Kairi Adamson and Masahiro Aiba and Cécile H Albert and Julio M Alcántara and Carolina Alcázar C and Izabela Aleixo and Hamada Ali and Bernard Amiaud and Christian Ammer and Mariano M Amoroso and Madhur Anand and Carolyn Anderson and Niels Anten and Joseph Antos and Deborah Mattos Guimar aes Apgaua and Tia-Lynn Ashman and Degi Harja Asmara and Gregory P Asner and Michael Aspinwall and Owen Atkin and Isabelle Aubin and Lars Baastrup-Spohr and Khadijeh Bahalkeh and Michael Bahn and Timothy Baker and William J Baker and Jan P Bakker and Dennis Baldocchi and Jennifer Baltzer and Arindam Banerjee and Anne Baranger and Jos Barlow and Diego R Barneche and Zdravko Baruch and Denis Bastianelli and John Battles and William Bauerle and Marijn Bauters and Erika Bazzato and Michael Beckmann and Hans Beeckman and Carl Beierkuhnlein and Renee Bekker and Gavin Belfry and Michael Belluau and Mirela Beloiu and Raquel Benavides and Lahcen Benomar and Mary Lee Berdugo-Lattke and Erika Berenguer and Rodrigo Bergamin and Joana Bergmann and Marcos Bergmann Carlucci and Logan Berner and Markus Bernhardt-Römermann and Christof Bigler and Anne D Bjorkman and Chris Blackman and Carolina Blanco and Benjamin Blonder and Dana Blumenthal and Kelly T Bocanegra-González and Pascal Boeckx and Stephanie Bohlman and Katrin Böhning-Gaese and Laura Boisvert-Marsh and William Bond and Ben Bond-Lamberty and Arnoud Boom and Coline C F Boonman and Kauane Bordin and Elizabeth H Boughton and Vanessa Boukili and David M J S Bowman and Sandra Bravo and Marco Richard Brendel and Martin R Broadley and Kerry A Brown and Helge Bruelheide and Federico Brumnich and Hans Henrik Bruun and David Bruy and Serra W Buchanan and Solveig Franziska Bucher and Nina Buchmann and Robert Buitenwerf and Daniel E Bunker and Jana Bürger and Sabina Burrascano and David F R P Burslem and Bradley J Butterfield and Chaeho Byun and Marcia Marques and Marina C Scalon and Marco Caccianiga and Marc Cadotte and Maxime Cailleret and James Camac and Jes'us Julio Camarero and Courtney Campany and Giandiego Campetella and Juan Antonio Campos and Laura Cano-Arboleda and Roberto Canullo and Michele Carbognani and Fabio Carvalho and Fernando Casanoves and Bastien Castagneyrol and Jane A Catford and Jeannine Cavender-Bares and Bruno E L Cerabolini and Marco Cervellini and Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal and Kenneth Chapin and F Stuart Chapin and Stefano Chelli and Si-Chong Chen and Anping Chen and Paolo Cherubini and Francesco Chianucci and Brendan Choat and Kyong-Sook Chung and Milan Chytr'y and Daniela Ciccarelli and Llu'is Coll and Courtney G Collins and Luisa Conti and David Coomes and Johannes H C Cornelissen and William K Cornwell and Piermaria Corona and Marie Coyea and Joseph Craine and Dylan Craven and Joris P G M Cromsigt and Anikó Csecserits and Katarina Cufar and Matthias Cuntz and Ana Carolina Silva and Kyla M Dahlin and Matteo Dainese and Igor Dalke and Michele Dalle Fratte and Anh Tuan Dang-Le and Jir'i Danihelka and Masako Dannoura and Samantha Dawson and Arend Jacobus Beer and Angel De Frutos and Jonathan R De Long and Benjamin Dechant and Sylvain Delagrange and Nicolas Delpierre and Géraldine Derroire and Arildo S Dias and Milton Hugo Diaz-Toribio and Panayiotis G Dimitrakopoulos and Mark Dobrowolski and Daniel Doktor and Pavel Dv revojan and Ning Dong and John Dransfield and Stefan Dressler and Leandro Duarte and Emilie Ducouret and Stefan Dullinger and Walter Durka and Remko Duursma and Olga Dymova and Anna E-Vojtkó and Rolf Lutz Eckstein and Hamid Ejtehadi and James Elser and Thaise Emilio and Kristine Engemann and Mohammad Bagher Erfanian and Alexandra Erfmeier and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Gerd Esser and Marc Estiarte and Tomas F Domingues and William F Fagan and Jaime Fag'undez and Daniel S Falster and Ying Fan and Jingyun Fang and Emmanuele Farris and Fatih Fazlioglu and Yanhao Feng and Fernando Fernandez-Mendez and Carlotta Ferrara and Joice Ferreira and Alessandra Fidelis and Bryan Finegan and Jennifer Firn and Timothy J Flowers and Dan F B Flynn and Veronika Fontana and Estelle Forey and Cristiane Forgiarini and Louis Franc cois and Marcelo Frangipani and Dorothea Frank and Cedric Frenette-Dussault and Grégoire T Freschet and Ellen L Fry and Nikolaos M Fyllas and Guilherme G Mazzochini and Sophie Gachet and Rachael Gallagher and Gislene Ganade and Francesca Ganga and Pablo Garc'ia-Palacios and Verónica Gargaglione and Eric Garnier and Jose Luis Garrido and André Lu'is Gasper and Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo and David Gibson and Andrew N Gillison and Aelton Giroldo and Mary-Claire Glasenhardt and Sean Gleason and Mariana Gliesch and Emma Goldberg and Bastian Göldel and Erika Gonzalez-Akre and Jose L Gonzalez-Andujar and Andrés González-Melo and Ana González-Robles and Bente Jessen Graae and Elena Granda and Sarah Graves and Walton A Green and Thomas Gregor and Nicolas Gross and Greg R Guerin and Angela Günther and Alvaro G Gutiérrez and Lillie Haddock and Anna Haines and Jefferson Hall and Alain Hambuckers and Wenxuan Han and Sandy P Harrison and Wesley Hattingh and Joseph E Hawes and Tianhua He and Pengcheng He and Jacob Mason Heberling and Aveliina Helm and Stefan Hempel and Jörn Hentschel and Bruno Hérault and Ana-Maria Herec s and Katharina Herz and Myriam Heuertz and Thomas Hickler and Peter Hietz and Pedro Higuchi and Andrew L Hipp and Andrew Hirons and Maria Hock and James Aaron Hogan and Karen Holl and Olivier Honnay and Daniel Hornstein and Enqing Hou and Nate Hough-Snee and Knut Anders Hovstad and Tomoaki Ichie and Boris Igi'c and Estela Illa and Marney Isaac and Masae Ishihara and Leonid Ivanov and Larissa Ivanova and Colleen M Iversen and Jordi Izquierdo and Robert B Jackson and Benjamin Jackson and Hervé Jactel and Andrzej M Jagodzinski and Ute Jandt and Steven Jansen and Thomas Jenkins and Anke Jentsch and Jens Rasmus Plantener Jespersen and Guo-Feng Jiang and Jesper Liengaard Johansen and David Johnson and Eric J Jokela and Carlos Alfredo Joly and Gregory J Jordan and Grant Stuart Joseph and Decky Junaedi and Robert R Junker and Eric Justes and Richard Kabzems and Jeffrey Kane and Zdenek Kaplan and Teja Kattenborn and Lyudmila Kavelenova and Elizabeth Kearsley and Anne Kempel and Tanaka Kenzo and Andrew Kerkhoff and Mohammed I Khalil and Nicole L Kinlock and Wilm Daniel Kissling and Kaoru Kitajima and Thomas Kitzberger and Rasmus Kjøller and Tamir Klein and Michael Kleyer and Jitka Klimev sová and Joice Klipel and Brian Kloeppel and Stefan Klotz and Johannes M H Knops and Takashi Kohyama and Fumito Koike and Johannes Kollmann and Benjamin Komac and Kimberly Komatsu and Christian König and Nathan J B Kraft and Koen Kramer and Holger Kreft and Ingolf Kühn and Dushan Kumarathunge and Jonas Kuppler and Hiroko Kurokawa and Yoko Kurosawa and Shem Kuyah and Jean-Paul Laclau and Benoit Lafleur and Erik Lallai and Eric Lamb and Andrea Lamprecht and Daniel J Larkin and Daniel Laughlin and Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet and Guerric Maire and Peter C Roux and Elizabeth Roux and Tali Lee and Frederic Lens and Simon L Lewis and Barbara Lhotsky and Yuanzhi Li and Xine Li and Jeremy W Lichstein and Mario Liebergesell and Jun Ying Lim and Yan-Shih Lin and Juan Carlos Linares and Chunjiang Liu and Daijun Liu and Udayangani Liu and Stuart Livingstone and Joan Llusi`a and Madelon Lohbeck and Álvaro López-Garc'ia and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Zdev nka Lososová and Frédérique Louault and Balázs A Lukács and Petr Lukev s and Yunjian Luo and Michele Lussu and Siyan Ma and Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira and Michelle Mack and Vincent Maire and Annikki Mäkelä and Harri Mäkinen and Ana Claudia Mendes Malhado and Azim Mallik and Peter Manning and Stefano Manzoni and Zuleica Marchetti and Luca Marchino and Vinicius Marcilio-Silva and Eric Marcon and Michela Marignani and Lars Markesteijn and Adam Martin and Cristina Mart'inez-Garza and Jordi Mart'inez-Vilalta and Tereza Mav sková and Kelly Mason and Norman Mason and Tara Joy Massad and Jacynthe Masse and Itay Mayrose and James McCarthy and M Luke McCormack and Katherine McCulloh and Ian R McFadden and Brian J McGill and Mara Y McPartland and Juliana S Medeiros and Belinda Medlyn and Pierre Meerts and Zia Mehrabi and Patrick Meir and Felipe P L Melo and Maurizio Mencuccini and Céline Meredieu and Julie Messier and Ilona Mészáros and Juha Metsaranta and Sean T Michaletz and Chrysanthi Michelaki and Svetlana Migalina and Ruben Milla and Jesse E D Miller and Vanessa Minden and Ray Ming and Karel Mokany and Angela T Moles and Attila 5th Molnár and Jane Molofsky and Martin Molz and Rebecca A Montgomery and Arnaud Monty and Lenka Moravcová and Alvaro Moreno-Mart'inez and Marco Moretti and Akira S Mori and Shigeta Mori and Dave Morris and Jane Morrison and Ladislav Mucina and Sandra Mueller and Christopher D Muir and Sandra Cristina Müller and Franc cois Munoz and Isla H Myers-Smith and Randall W Myster and Masahiro Nagano and Shawna Naidu and Ayyappan Narayanan and Balachandran Natesan and Luka Negoita and Andrew S Nelson and Eike Lena Neuschulz and Jian Ni and Georg Niedrist and Jhon Nieto and Ülo Niinemets and Rachael Nolan and Henning Nottebrock and Yann Nouvellon and Alexander Novakovskiy and Nutrient Network and Kristin Odden Nystuen and Anthony O'Grady and Kevin O'Hara and Andrew O'Reilly-Nugent and Simon Oakley and Walter Oberhuber and Toshiyuki Ohtsuka and Ricardo Oliveira and Kinga Öllerer and Mark E Olson and Vladimir Onipchenko and Yusuke Onoda and Renske E Onstein and Jenny C Ordonez and Noriyuki Osada and Ivika Ostonen and Gianluigi Ottaviani and Sarah Otto and Gerhard E Overbeck and Wim A Ozinga and Anna T Pahl and C E Timothy Paine and Robin J Pakeman and Aristotelis C Papageorgiou and Evgeniya Parfionova and Meelis Pärtel and Marco Patacca and Susana Paula and Juraj Paule and Harald Pauli and Juli G Pausas and Bego na Peco and Josep Penuelas and Antonio Perea and Pablo Luis Peri and Ana Carolina Petisco-Souza and Alessandro Petraglia and Any Mary Petritan and Oliver L Phillips and Simon Pierce and Valério D Pillar and Jan Pisek and Alexandr Pomogaybin and Hendrik Poorter and Angelika Portsmuth and Peter Poschlod and Catherine Potvin and Devon Pounds and A Shafer Powell and Sally A Power and Andreas Prinzing and Giacomo Puglielli and Petr Pyv sek and Valerie Raevel and Anja Rammig and Johannes Ransijn and Courtenay A Ray and Peter B Reich and Markus Reichstein and Douglas E B Reid and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Victor Resco Dios and Sabina Ribeiro and Sarah Richardson and Kersti Riibak and Matthias C Rillig and Fiamma Riviera and Elisabeth M R Robert and Scott Roberts and Bjorn Robroek and Adam Roddy and Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues and Alistair Rogers and Emily Rollinson and Victor Rolo and Christine Römermann and Dina Ronzhina and Christiane Roscher and Julieta A Rosell and Milena Fermina Rosenfield and Christian Rossi and David B Roy and Samuel Royer-Tardif and Nadja Rüger and Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado and Sabine B Rumpf and Graciela M Rusch and Masahiro Ryo and Lawren Sack and Angela Salda na and Beatriz Salgado-Negret and Roberto Salguero-Gomez and Ignacio Santa-Regina and Ana Carolina Santacruz-Garc'ia and Joaquim Santos and Jordi Sardans and Brandon Schamp and Michael Scherer-Lorenzen and Matthias Schleuning and Bernhard Schmid and Marco Schmidt and Sylvain Schmitt and Julio V Schneider and Simon D Schowanek and Julian Schrader and Franziska Schrodt and Bernhard Schuldt and Frank Schurr and Galia Selaya Garvizu and Marina Semchenko and Colleen Seymour and Julia C Sfair and Joanne M Sharpe and Christine S Sheppard and Serge Sheremetiev and Satomi Shiodera and Bill Shipley and Tanvir Ahmed Shovon and Alrun Siebenkäs and Carlos Sierra and Vasco Silva and Mateus Silva and Tommaso Sitzia and Henrik Sjöman and Martijn Slot and Nicholas G Smith and Darwin Sodhi and Pamela Soltis and Douglas Soltis and Ben Somers and Grégory Sonnier and Mia Vedel Sørensen and Enio Egon Jr Sosinski and Nadejda A Soudzilovskaia and Alexandre F Souza and Marko Spasojevic and Marta Gaia Sperandii and Amanda B Stan and James Stegen and Klaus Steinbauer and Jörg G Stephan and Frank Sterck and Dejan B Stojanovic and Tanya Strydom and Maria Laura Suarez and Jens-Christian Svenning and Ivana Svitková and Marek Svitok and Miroslav Svoboda and Emily Swaine and Nathan Swenson and Marcelo Tabarelli and Kentaro Takagi and Ulrike Tappeiner and Rubén Tarifa and Simon Tauugourdeau and Cagatay Tavsanoglu and Mariska Te Beest and Leho Tedersoo and Nelson Thiffault and Dominik Thom and Evert Thomas and Ken Thompson and Peter E Thornton and Wilfried Thuiller and Lubom'ir Tich'y and David Tissue and Mark G Tjoelker and David Yue Phin Tng and Joseph Tobias and Péter Török and Tonantzin Tarin and José M Torres-Ruiz and Béla Tóthmérész and Martina Treurnicht and Valeria Trivellone and Franck Trolliet and Volodymyr Trotsiuk and James L Tsakalos and Ioannis Tsiripidis and Niklas Tysklind and Toru Umehara and Vladimir Usoltsev and Matthew Vadeboncoeur and Jamil Vaezi and Fernando Valladares and Jana Vamosi and Peter M Bodegom and Michiel Breugel and Elisa Van Cleemput and Martine Weg and Stephni Merwe and Fons Plas and Masha T Sande and Mark Kleunen and Koenraad Van Meerbeek and Mark Vanderwel and Kim André Vanselow and Angelica Vårhammar and Laura Varone and Maribel Yesenia Vasquez Valderrama and Kiril Vassilev and Mark Vellend and Erik J Veneklaas and Hans Verbeeck and Kris Verheyen and Alexander Vibrans and Ima Vieira and Jaime Villac'is and Cyrille Violle and Pandi Vivek and Katrin Wagner and Matthew Waldram and Anthony Waldron and Anthony P Walker and Martyn Waller and Gabriel Walther and Han Wang and Feng Wang and Weiqi Wang and Harry Watkins and James Watkins and Ulrich Weber and James T Weedon and Liping Wei and Patrick Weigelt and Evan Weiher and Aidan W Wells and Camilla Wellstein and Elizabeth Wenk and Mark Westoby and Alana Westwood and Philip John White and Mark Whitten and Mathew Williams and Daniel E Winkler and Klaus Winter and Chevonne Womack and Ian J Wright and S Joseph Wright and Justin Wright and Bruno X Pinho and Fabiano Ximenes and Toshihiro Yamada and Keiko Yamaji and Ruth Yanai and Nikolay Yankov and Benjamin Yguel and Kátia Janaina Zanini and Amy E Zanne and David Zelen'y and Yun-Peng Zhao and Jingming Zheng and Ji Zheng and Kasia Ziemi'nska and Chad R Zirbel and Georg Zizka and Irié Casimir Zo-Bi and Gerhard Zotz and Christian Wirth},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.14904},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Glob. Chang. Biol.},

volume = {26},

number = {1},

pages = {119--188},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marimon-Junior2020-hw,

title = {Soil water-holding capacity and monodominance in Southern Amazon tropical forests},

author = {Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and John Du Vall Hay and Imma Oliveras and Halina Jancoski and Ricardo K Umetsu and Ted R Feldpausch and David R Galbraith and Emanuel U Gloor and Oliver L Phillips and Beatriz S Marimon},

doi = {10.1007/s11104-019-04257-w},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-01},

urldate = {2020-05-01},

journal = {Plant Soil},

volume = {450},

number = {1-2},

pages = {65--79},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marimon2020-nr,

title = {Drought generates large, long-term changes in tree and liana regeneration in a monodominant Amazon forest},

author = {Beatriz S Marimon and Claudinei Oliveira-Santos and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Fernando Elias and Edmar A Oliveira and Paulo S Morandi and Nayane C C dos S. Prestes and Lucas H Mariano and Oriales R Pereira and Ted R Feldpausch and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1007/s11258-020-01047-8},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-08-01},

urldate = {2020-08-01},

journal = {Plant Ecol.},

volume = {221},

number = {8},

pages = {733--747},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marselis2020-xs,

title = {Evaluating the potential of full‐waveform lidar for mapping pan‐tropical tree species richness},

author = {Suzanne M Marselis and Katharine Abernethy and Alfonso Alonso and John Armston and Timothy R Baker and Jean‐francois Bastin and Jan Bogaert and Doreen S Boyd and Pascal Boeckx and David F R P Burslem and Robin Chazdon and David B Clark and David Coomes and Laura Duncanson and Steven Hancock and Ross Hill and Chris Hopkinson and Elizabeth Kearsley and James R Kellner and David Kenfack and Nicolas Labri`ere and Simon L Lewis and David Minor and Hervé Memiaghe and Abel Monteagudo and Reuben Nilus and Michael O'Brien and Oliver L Phillips and John Poulsen and Hao Tang and Hans Verbeeck and Ralph Dubayah},

doi = {10.1111/geb.13158},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-01},

urldate = {2020-10-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

volume = {29},

number = {10},

pages = {1799--1816},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marshall2020-pq,

title = {Conceptualising the global forest response to Liana proliferation},

author = {Andrew R Marshall and Philip J Platts and Robin L Chazdon and Hamidu Seki and Mason J Campbell and Oliver L Phillips and Roy E Gereau and Robert Marchant and Jingjing Liang and John Herbohn and Yadvinder Malhi and Marion Pfeifer},

doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2020.00035},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-04-01},

urldate = {2020-04-01},

journal = {Front. For. Glob. Chang.},

volume = {3},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Moonlight2020-fv,

title = {Expanding tropical forest monitoring into Dry Forests: The DRYFLOR protocol for permanent plots},

author = {Peter W Moonlight and Karina Banda-R and Oliver L Phillips and Kyle G Dexter and R Toby Pennington and Tim R Baker and Haroldo C. de Lima and Laurie Fajardo and Roy González-M. and Reynaldo Linares-Palomino and Jon Lloyd and Marcelo Nascimento and Darién Prado and Catalina Quintana and Ricarda Riina and Gina M Rodr'iguez M. and Dora Maria Villela and Ana Carla M M Aquino and Luzmila Arroyo and Cidney Bezerra and Alexandre Tadeu Brunello and Roel J W Brienen and Domingos Cardoso and Kuo-Jung Chao and 'Italo Ant^onio Cotta Coutinho and John Cunha and Tomas Domingues and Mário Marcos Esp'irito Santo and Ted R Feldpausch and Moabe Ferreira Fernandes and Zo"e A Goodwin and Eliana Mar'ia Jiménez and Aurora Levesley and Leonel Lopez-Toledo and Beatriz Marimon and Raquel C Miatto and Marcelo Mizushima and Abel Monteagudo and Magna Soelma Beserra de Moura and Alejandro Murakami and Danilo Neves and Renata Nicora Chequ'in and Tony César de Sousa Oliveira and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Luciano P. de Queiroz and Alan Pilon and Desirée Marques Ramos and Carlos Reynel and Priscyla M S Rodrigues and Rubens Santos and Tiina Särkinen and Valdemir Fernando da Silva and Rodolfo M S Souza and Rodolfo Vasquez and Elmar Veenendaal},

doi = {10.1002/ppp3.10112},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

urldate = {2020-07-01},

journal = {Plants People Planet},

number = {ppp3.10112},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Muscarella2020-yr,

title = {The global abundance of tree palms},

author = {Robert Muscarella and Thaise Emilio and Oliver L Phillips and Simon L Lewis and Ferry Slik and William J Baker and Thomas L P Couvreur and Wolf L Eiserhardt and Jens-Christian Svenning and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Shin-Ichiro Aiba and Everton C Almeida and Samuel S Almeida and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and Luciana F Alves and Carlos Mariano Alvez-Valles and Fabr'icio Alvim Carvalho and Fernando Alzate Guarin and Ana Andrade and Luis E O C Arag ao and Alejandro Araujo Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Peter S Ashton and Gerardo A Aymard Corredor and Timothy R Baker and Plinio Barbosa Camargo and Jos Barlow and Jean-Franc cois Bastin and Natacha Nssi Bengone and Erika Berenguer and Nicholas Berry and Lilian Blanc and Katrin Böhning-Gaese and Damien Bonal and Frans Bongers and Matt Bradford and Fabian Brambach and Francis Q Brearley and Steven W Brewer and Jose L C Camargo and David G Campbell and Carolina V Castilho and Wendeson Castro and Damien Catchpole and Carlos E Cerón Mart'inez and Shengbin Chen and Phourin Chhang and Percival Cho and Wanlop Chutipong and Connie Clark and Murray Collins and James A Comiskey and Massiel Nataly Corrales Medina and Flávia R C Costa and Heike Culmsee and Heriberto David-Higuita and Priya Davidar and Jhon Aguila-Pasquel and Géraldine Derroire and Anthony Di Fiore and Tran Van Do and Jean-Louis Doucet and Aurélie Dourdain and Donald R Drake and Andreas Ensslin and Terry Erwin and Corneille E N Ewango and Robert M Ewers and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Joice Ferreira and Leandro Valle Ferreira and Markus Fischer and Janet Franklin and Gabriella M Fredriksson and Thomas W Gillespie and Martin Gilpin and Christelle Gonmadje and Arachchige Upali Nimal Gunatilleke and Khalid Rehman Hakeem and Jefferson S Hall and Keith C Hamer and David J Harris and Rhett D Harrison and Andrew Hector and Andreas Hemp and Bruno Herault and Carlos Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Wannes Hubau and Mohammad Shah Hussain and Faridah-Hanum Ibrahim and Nobuo Imai and Carlos A Joly and Shijo Joseph and Anitha and Kuswata Kartawinata and Justin Kassi and Timothy J Killeen and Kanehiro Kitayama and Bente Bang Klitgård and Robert Kooyman and Nicolas Labri`ere and Eileen Larney and Yves Laumonier and Susan G Laurance and William F Laurance and Michael J Lawes and Aurora Levesley and Janvier Lisingo and Thomas Lovejoy and Jon C Lovett and Xinghui Lu and Anne Mette Lykke and William E Magnusson and Ni Putu Diana Mahayani and Yadvinder Malhi and Asyraf Mansor and Jose Luis Marcelo Pe na and Ben H Marimon-Junior and Andrew R Marshall and Karina Melgaco and Casimiro Mendoza Bautista and Vianet Mihindou and Jér^ome Millet and William Milliken and D Mohandass and Abel Lorenzo Monteagudo Mendoza and Badru Mugerwa and Hidetoshi Nagamasu and Laszlo Nagy and Naret Seuaturien and Marcelo T Nascimento and David A Neill and Luiz Menini Neto and Rueben Nilus and Mario Percy N'u nez Vargas and Eddy Nurtjahya and R Nazaré O Ara'ujo and Onrizal Onrizal and Walter A Palacios and Sonia Palacios-Ramos and Marc Parren and Ekananda Paudel and Paulo S Morandi and R Toby Pennington and Georgia Pickavance and John J III Pipoly and Nigel C A Pitman and Erny Poedjirahajoe and Lourens Poorter and John R Poulsen and P Rama Chandra Prasad and Adriana Prieto and Jean-Philippe Puyravaud and Lan Qie and Carlos A Quesada and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Jean Claude Razafimahaimodison and Jan Meindert Reitsma and Edilson J Requena-Rojas and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and Carlos Reynel Rodriguez and Anand Roopsind and Francesco Rovero and Andes Rozak and Agust'in Rudas Lleras and Ervan Rutishauser and Gemma Rutten and Ruwan Punchi-Manage and Rafael P Salom ao and Hoang Van Sam and Swapan Kumar Sarker and Manichanh Satdichanh and Juliana Schietti and Christine B Schmitt and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Feyera Senbeta and Lila Nath Sharma and Douglas Sheil and Rodrigo Sierra and Javier E Silva-Espejo and Marcos Silveira and Bonaventure Sonké and Marc K Steininger and Robert Steinmetz and Tariq Stévart and Raman Sukumar and Aisha Sultana and Terry C H Sunderland and Hebbalalu Satyanarayana Suresh and Jianwei Tang and Edmund Tanner and Hans Steege and John W Terborgh and Ida Theilade and Jonathan Timberlake and Armando Torres-Lezama and Peter Umunay and Mar'ia Uriarte and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Martin Bult and Peter Hout and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Simone A Vieira and Emilio Vilanova and Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo and Ophelia Wang and Campbell O Webb and Edward L Webb and Lee White and Timothy J S Whitfeld and Serge Wich and Simon Willcock and Susan K Wiser and Kenneth R Young and Rahmad Zakaria and Runguo Zang and Charles E Zartman and Irié Casimir Zo-Bi and Henrik Balslev},

doi = {10.1111/geb.13123},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

volume = {29},

number = {9},

pages = {1495--1514},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Quesada2020-mi,

title = {Variations in soil chemical and physical properties explain basin-wide Amazon forest soil carbon concentrations},

author = {Carlos Alberto Quesada and Claudia Paz and Erick Oblitas Mendoza and Oliver Lawrence Phillips and Gustavo Saiz and Jon Lloyd},

doi = {10.5194/soil-6-53-2020},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-02-01},

urldate = {2020-02-01},

journal = {SOIL},

volume = {6},

number = {1},

pages = {53--88},

publisher = {Copernicus GmbH},

abstract = {Abstract. We investigate the edaphic, mineralogical and climatic controls of soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration utilising data from 147 primary forest soils (0--30 cm depth) sampled in eight different countries across the Amazon Basin. Sampled across 14 different World Reference Base soil groups, our data suggest that stabilisation mechanism varies with pedogenetic level. Specifically, although SOC concentrations in Ferralsols and Acrisols were best explained by simple variations in clay content -- this presumably being due to their relatively uniform kaolinitic mineralogy -- this was not the case for less weathered soils such as Alisols, Cambisols and Plinthosols for which interactions between Al species, soil pH and litter quality are argued to be much more important. Although for more strongly weathered soils the majority of SOC is located within the aggregate fraction, for the less weathered soils most of the SOC is located within the silt and clay fractions. It thus seems that for highly weathered soils SOC storage is mostly influenced by surface area variations arising from clay content, with physical protection inside aggregates rendering an additional level of protection against decomposition. On the other hand, most of the SOC in less weathered soils is associated with the precipitation of aluminium--carbon complexes within the fine soil fraction, with this mechanism enhanced by the presence of high levels of aromatic, carboxyl-rich organic matter compounds. Also examined as part of this study were a relatively small number of arenic soils (viz. Arenosols and Podzols) for which there was a small but significant influence of clay and silt content variations on SOM storage, with fractionation studies showing that particulate organic matter may account for up to 0.60 of arenic soil SOC. In contrast to what were in all cases strong influences of soil and/or litter quality properties, after accounting for these effects neither wood productivity, above-ground biomass nor precipitation/temperature variations were found to exert any significant influence on SOC stocks. These results have important implications for our understanding of how Amazon forest soils are likely to respond to ongoing and future climate changes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Reis2020-gh,

title = {Causes and consequences of liana infestation in southern Amazonia},

author = {Simone Matias Reis and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Paulo S Morandi and Fernando Elias and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Sophie Fauset and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Geertje M F Heijden and David Galbraith and Ted R Feldpausch and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13470},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-01},

urldate = {2020-11-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {108},

number = {6},

pages = {2184--2197},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rozendaal_pmid32239762,

title = {Competition influences tree growth, but not mortality, across environmental gradients in Amazonia and tropical Africa},

author = {Danaë M A Rozendaal and Oliver L Phillips and Simon L Lewis and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Ana Andrade and Luiz E O C Aragão and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Timothy R Baker and Olaf Bánki and Roel J W Brienen and José Luis C Camargo and James A Comiskey and Marie Noël Djuikouo Kamdem and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Timothy J Killeen and William F Laurance and Susan G W Laurance and Thomas Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben-Hur Marimon Junior and Andrew R Marshall and David A Neill and Percy Núñez Vargas and Nigel C A Pitman and Lourens Poorter and Jan Reitsma and Marcos Silveira and Bonaventure Sonké and Terry Sunderland and Hermann Taedoumg and Hans Ter Steege and John W Terborgh and Ricardo K Umetsu and Geertje M F van der Heijden and Emilio Vilanova and Vincent Vos and Lee J T White and Simon Willcock and Lise Zemagho and Mark C Vanderwel},

doi = {10.1002/ecy.3052},

issn = {1939-9170},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Ecology},

volume = {101},

number = {7},

pages = {e03052},

abstract = {Competition among trees is an important driver of community structure and dynamics in tropical forests. Neighboring trees may impact an individual tree's growth rate and probability of mortality, but large-scale geographic and environmental variation in these competitive effects has yet to be evaluated across the tropical forest biome. We quantified effects of competition on tree-level basal area growth and mortality for trees ≥10-cm diameter across 151 ~1-ha plots in mature tropical forests in Amazonia and tropical Africa by developing nonlinear models that accounted for wood density, tree size, and neighborhood crowding. Using these models, we assessed how water availability (i.e., climatic water deficit) and soil fertility influenced the predicted plot-level strength of competition (i.e., the extent to which growth is reduced, or mortality is increased, by competition across all individual trees). On both continents, tree basal area growth decreased with wood density and increased with tree size. Growth decreased with neighborhood crowding, which suggests that competition is important. Tree mortality decreased with wood density and generally increased with tree size, but was apparently unaffected by neighborhood crowding. Across plots, variation in the plot-level strength of competition was most strongly related to plot basal area (i.e., the sum of the basal area of all trees in a plot), with greater reductions in growth occurring in forests with high basal area, but in Amazonia, the strength of competition also varied with plot-level wood density. In Amazonia, the strength of competition increased with water availability because of the greater basal area of wetter forests, but was only weakly related to soil fertility. In Africa, competition was weakly related to soil fertility and invariant across the shorter water availability gradient. Overall, our results suggest that competition influences the structure and dynamics of tropical forests primarily through effects on individual tree growth rather than mortality and that the strength of competition largely depends on environment-mediated variation in basal area.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{SerpaMeira_Junior2020-zc,

title = {The impact of long dry periods on the aboveground biomass in a tropical forests: 20 years of monitoring},

author = {Milton Serpa-Meira-Junior and José Roberto Rodrigues Pinto and Natália Oliveira Ramos and Eder Pereira Miguel and Ricardo de Oliveira Gaspar and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1186/s13021-020-00147-2},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-01},

urldate = {2020-05-01},

journal = {Carbon Balance Manag.},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

pages = {12},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Long-term studies of community and population dynamics indicate that abrupt disturbances often catalyse changes in vegetation and carbon stocks. These disturbances include the opening of clearings, rainfall seasonality, and drought, as well as fire and direct human disturbance. Such events may be super-imposed on longer-term trends in disturbance, such as those associated with climate change (heating, drying), as well as resources. Intact neotropical forests have recently experienced increased drought frequency and fire occurrence, on top of pervasive increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, but we lack long-term records of responses to such changes especially in the critical transitional areas at the interface of forest and savanna biomes. Here, we present results from 20 years monitoring a valley forest (moist tropical forest outlier) in central Brazil. The forest has experienced multiple drought events and includes plots which have and which have not experienced fire. We focus on how forest structure (stem density and aboveground biomass carbon) and dynamics (stem and biomass mortality and recruitment) have responded to these disturbance regimes.

RESULTS: Overall, the biomass carbon stock increased due to the growth of the trees already present in the forest, without any increase in the overall number of tree stems. Over time, both recruitment and especially mortality of trees tended to increase, and periods of prolonged drought in particular resulted in increased mortality rates of larger trees. This increased mortality was in turn responsible for a decline in aboveground carbon toward the end of the monitoring period. 

CONCLUSION: Prolonged droughts influence the mortality of large trees, leading to a decline in aboveground carbon stocks. Here, and in other neotropical forests, recent droughts are capable of shutting down and reversing biomass carbon sinks. These new results add to evidence that anthropogenic climate changes are already adversely impacting tropical forests.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sousa2020-ws,

title = {Palms and trees resist extreme drought in Amazon forests with shallow water tables},

author = {Thaiane R Sousa and Juliana Schietti and Fernanda Coelho de Souza and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Igor O Ribeiro and Thaise Em'ilio and Pedro A C L Pequeno and Oliver Phillips and Flavia R C Costa},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13377},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-01},

urldate = {2020-09-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {108},

number = {5},

pages = {2070--2082},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sullivan2020-iz,

title = {Long-term thermal sensitivity of Earth's tropical forests},

author = {Martin J P Sullivan and Simon L Lewis and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Carolina Castilho and Flávia Costa and Aida Cuni Sanchez and Corneille E N Ewango and Wannes Hubau and Beatriz Marimon and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Lan Qie and Bonaventure Sonké and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Timothy R Baker and Roel J W Brienen and Ted R Feldpausch and David Galbraith and Manuel Gloor and Yadvinder Malhi and Shin-Ichiro Aiba and Miguel N Alexiades and Everton C Almeida and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Esteban Álvarez Dávila and Patricia Alvarez Loayza and Ana Andrade and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Luiz E O C Arag ao and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric J M M Arets and Luzmila Arroyo and Peter Ashton and Gerardo Aymard C and Fabr'icio B Baccaro and Lindsay F Banin and Christopher Baraloto and Pl'inio Barbosa Camargo and Jos Barlow and Jorcely Barroso and Jean-Franc cois Bastin and Sarah A Batterman and Hans Beeckman and Serge K Begne and Amy C Bennett and Erika Berenguer and Nicholas Berry and Lilian Blanc and Pascal Boeckx and Jan Bogaert and Damien Bonal and Frans Bongers and Matt Bradford and Francis Q Brearley and Terry Brncic and Foster Brown and Benoit Burban and José Lu'is Camargo and Wendeson Castro and Carlos Céron and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and Victor Chama Moscoso and Jer^ome Chave and Eric Chezeaux and Connie J Clark and Fernanda Coelho Souza and Murray Collins and James A Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Massiel Corrales Medina and Lola Costa and Martin Danv cák and Greta C Dargie and Stuart Davies and Nallaret Davila Cardozo and Thales Haulleville and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Géraldine Derroire and Anthony Di Fiore and Jean-Louis Doucet and Aurélie Dourdain and Vincent Droissart and Luisa Fernanda Duque and Romeo Ekoungoulou and Fernando Elias and Terry Erwin and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Sophie Fauset and Joice Ferreira and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Ernest Foli and Andrew Ford and Martin Gilpin and Jefferson S Hall and Keith C Hamer and Alan C Hamilton and David J Harris and Terese B Hart and Radim Hédl and Bruno Herault and Rafael Herrera and Niro Higuchi and Annette Hladik and Eur'idice Honorio Coronado and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Kathryn J Jeffery and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Michelle Kalamandeen and Marie No"el Kamdem Djuikouo and Elizabeth Kearsley and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and Lip Khoon Kho and Timothy Killeen and Kanehiro Kitayama and Bente Klitgaard and Alexander Koch and Nicolas Labri`ere and William Laurance and Susan Laurance and Miguel E Leal and Aurora Levesley and Adriano J N Lima and Janvier Lisingo and Aline P Lopes and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Tom Lovejoy and Jon C Lovett and Richard Lowe and William E Magnusson and Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte and ^Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and Ben Hur Jr Marimon and Andrew R Marshall and Toby Marthews and Simone Matias Almeida Reis and Colin Maycock and Karina Melgac co and Casimiro Mendoza and Faizah Metali and Vianet Mihindou and William Milliken and Edward T A Mitchard and Paulo S Morandi and Hannah L Mossman and Laszlo Nagy and Henrique Nascimento and David Neill and Reuben Nilus and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Walter Palacios and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Julie Peacock and Colin Pendry and Maria Cristina Pe nuela Mora and Georgia C Pickavance and John Pipoly and Nigel Pitman and Maureen Playfair and Lourens Poorter and John R Poulsen and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and Richard Preziosi and Adriana Prieto and Richard B Primack and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Jan Reitsma and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and Thaiane Rodrigues Sousa and Lily Rodriguez Bayona and Anand Roopsind and Agust'in Rudas and Ervan Rutishauser and Kamariah Abu Salim and Rafael P Salom ao and Juliana Schietti and Douglas Sheil and Richarlly C Silva and Javier Silva Espejo and Camila Silva Valeria and Marcos Silveira and Murielle Simo-Droissart and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and James Singh and Yahn Carlos Soto Shareva and Clement Stahl and Juliana Stropp and Rahayu Sukri and Terry Sunderland and Martin Svátek and Michael D Swaine and Varun Swamy and Hermann Taedoumg and Joey Talbot and James Taplin and David Taylor and Hans Ter Steege and John Terborgh and Raquel Thomas and Sean C Thomas and Armando Torres-Lezama and Peter Umunay and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Geertje Heijden and Peter Hout and Peter Meer and Mark Nieuwstadt and Hans Verbeeck and Ronald Vernimmen and Alberto Vicentini and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Jason Vleminckx and Vincent Vos and Ophelia Wang and Lee J T White and Simon Willcock and John T Woods and Verginia Wortel and Kenneth Young and Roderick Zagt and Lise Zemagho and Pieter A Zuidema and Joeri A Zwerts and Oliver L Phillips},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Sullivan-et-al-2020-Science.pdf},

doi = {10.1126/science.aaw7578},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-01},

urldate = {2020-05-01},

journal = {Science},

volume = {368},

number = {6493},

pages = {869--874},

publisher = {Ämerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)},

abstract = {The sensitivity of tropical forest carbon to climate is a key uncertainty in predicting global climate change. Although short-term drying and warming are known to affect forests, it is unknown if such effects translate into long-term responses. Here, we analyze 590 permanent plots measured across the tropics to derive the equilibrium climate controls on forest carbon. Maximum temperature is the most important predictor of aboveground biomass (-9.1 megagrams of carbon per hectare per degree Celsius), primarily by reducing woody productivity, and has a greater impact per °C in the hottest forests (>32.2°C). Our results nevertheless reveal greater thermal resilience than observations of short-term variation imply. To realize the long-term climate adaptation potential of tropical forests requires both protecting them and stabilizing Earth's climate.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ter_Steege2020-bo,

title = {Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora},

author = {Hans Ter-Steege and Paulo I Prado and Renato A F de Lima and Edwin Pos and Luiz Souza Coelho and Diogenes Andrade Lima Filho and Rafael P Salom ao and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Francisca Dion'izia Almeida Matos and Carolina V Castilho and Oliver L Phillips and Juan Ernesto Guevara and Marcelo Jesus Veiga Carim and Dairon Cárdenas López and William E Magnusson and Florian Wittmann and Maria Pires Martins and Daniel Sabatier and Mariana Victória Irume and José Renan aes and Jean-Franc cois Molino and Olaf S Bánki and Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade and Nigel C A Pitman and José Ferreira Ramos and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Eduardo Martins Venticinque and Bruno Garcia Luize and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Thiago Sanna Freire Silva and Evlyn Márcia Moraes Novo and Neidiane Farias Costa Reis and John Terborgh and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and Katia Regina Casula and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Juan Carlos Montero and Alvaro Duque and Flávia R C Costa and Nicolás Casta no Arboleda and Jochen Schöngart and Charles Eugene Zartman and Timothy J Killeen and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Rodolfo Vasquez and Bonifacio Mostacedo and Layon O Demarchi and Ted R Feldpausch and Julien Engel and Pascal Petronelli and Chris Baraloto and Rafael L Assis and Hernán Castellanos and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Adriano Quaresma and Susan G W Laurance and Lorena M Rincón and Ana Andrade and Thaiane R Sousa and José Lu'is Camargo and Juliana Schietti and William F Laurance and Helder Lima Queiroz and Henrique Eduardo Mendonc ca Nascimento and Maria Aparecida Lopes and Emanuelle Sousa Farias and José Leonardo Lima Magalh aes and Roel Brienen and Gerardo A Aymard C and Juan David Cardenas Revilla and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Bruno Barc cante Ladvocat Cintra and Pablo R Stevenson and Yuri Oliveira Feitosa and Joost F Duivenvoorden and Hugo F Mogollón and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Leandro Valle Ferreira and José Rafael Lozada and James A Comiskey and José Julio Toledo and Gabriel Damasco and Nállarett Dávila and Aline Lopes and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Freddie Draper and Alberto Vicentini and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Jon Lloyd and Vitor H F Gomes and David Neill and Alfonso Alonso and Francisco Dallmeier and Fernanda Coelho Souza and Rogerio Gribel and Luzmila Arroyo and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Daniel Praia Portela Aguiar and Dário Dantas Amaral and Marcelo Petratti Pansonato and Kenneth J Feeley and Erika Berenguer and Paul V A Fine and Marcelino Carneiro Guedes and Jos Barlow and Joice Ferreira and Boris Villa and Maria Cristina Pe nuela Mora and Eliana M Jimenez and Juan Carlos Licona and Carlos Cerón and Raquel Thomas and Paul Maas and Marcos Silveira and Terry W Henkel and Juliana Stropp and Marcos R'ios Paredes and Kyle G Dexter and Doug Daly and Tim R Baker and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and William Milliken and Toby Pennington and J Sebastián Tello and José Luis Marcelo Pena and Carlos A Peres and Bente Klitgaard and Alfredo Fuentes and Miles R Silman and Anthony Di Fiore and Patricio Hildebrand and Jerome Chave and Tinde R Andel and Renato Richard Hilário and Juan Fernando Phillips and Gonzalo Rivas-Torres and Jana'ina Costa Noronha and Adriana Prieto and Therany Gonzales and Rainiellene Sá Carpanedo and George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales and Ricardo Zárate Gómez and Domingos Jesus Rodrigues and Egleé L Zent and Ademir R Ruschel and Vincent Antoine Vos and Émile Fonty and André Braga Junqueira and Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza and Bruce Hoffman and Stanford Zent and Edelcilio Marques Barbosa and Yadvinder Malhi and Luiz Carlos Matos Bonates and Ires Paula Andrade Miranda and Natalino Silva and Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa and César I A Vela and Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto and Agust'in Rudas and Bianca Weiss Albuquerque and Maria Natalia Uma na and Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez and Geertje Heijden and Kenneth R Young and Milton Tirado and Diego F Correa and Rodrigo Sierra and Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa and Maira Rocha and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Ophelia Wang and Alexandre A Oliveira and Michelle Kalamandeen and Corine Vriesendorp and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Milena Holmgren and Marcelo Trindade Nascimento and David Galbraith and Bernardo Monteiro Flores and Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller and Angela Cano and Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui and Italo Mesones and Cláudia Baider and Casimiro Mendoza and Roderick Zagt and Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo and Cid Ferreira and Daniel Villarroel and Reynaldo Linares-Palomino and William Farfan-Rios and William Farfan-Rios and Luisa Fernanda Casas and Sasha Cárdenas and Henrik Balslev and Armando Torres-Lezama and Miguel N Alexiades and Karina Garcia-Cabrera and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Elvis H Valderrama Sandoval and Freddy Ramirez Arevalo and Lionel Hernandez and Adeilza Felipe Sampaio and Susamar Pansini and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Daniela Pauletto and Aurora Levesley and Karina Melgac co and Georgia Pickavance},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-66686-3},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-01},

urldate = {2020-06-01},

journal = {Sci. Rep.},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {10130},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Ämazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner_pmid32109946,

title = {Mapping Atlantic rainforest degradation and regeneration history with indicator species using convolutional network},

author = {Fabien H Wagner and Alber Sanchez and Marcos P M Aidar and André L C Rochelle and Yuliya Tarabalka and Marisa G Fonseca and Oliver L Phillips and Emanuel Gloor and Luiz E O C Aragão},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0229448},

issn = {1932-6203},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {PLoS One},

volume = {15},

number = {2},

pages = {e0229448},

abstract = {The Atlantic rainforest of Brazil is one of the global terrestrial hotspots of biodiversity. Despite having undergone large scale deforestation, forest cover has shown signs of increases in the last decades. Here, to understand the degradation and regeneration history of Atlantic rainforest remnants near São Paulo, we combine a unique dataset of very high resolution images from Worldview-2 and Worldview-3 (0.5 and 0.3m spatial resolution, respectively), georeferenced aerial photographs from 1962 and use a deep learning method called U-net to map (i) the forest cover and changes and (ii) two pioneer tree species, Cecropia hololeuca and Tibouchina pulchra. For Tibouchina pulchra, all the individuals were mapped in February, when the trees undergo mass-flowering with purple and pink blossoms. Additionally, elevation data at 30m spatial resolution from NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and annual mean climate variables (Terraclimate datasets at ∼ 4km of spatial resolution) were used to analyse the forest and species distributions. We found that natural forests are currently more frequently found on south-facing slopes, likely because of geomorphology and past land use, and that Tibouchina is restricted to the wetter part of the region (southern part), which annually receives at least 1600 mm of precipitation. Tibouchina pulchra was found to clearly indicate forest regeneration as almost all individuals were found within or adjacent to forests regrown after 1962. By contrast, Cecropia hololeuca was found to indicate older disturbed forests, with all individuals almost exclusively found in forest fragments already present in 1962. At the regional scale, using the dominance maps of both species, we show that at least 4.3% of the current region's natural forests have regrown after 1962 (Tibouchina dominated, ∼ 4757 ha) and that ∼ 9% of the old natural forests have experienced significant disturbance (Cecropia dominated).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner2020-pz,

title = {Regional mapping and spatial distribution analysis of canopy palms in an Amazon forest using deep learning and VHR images},

author = {Fabien H Wagner and Ricardo Dalagnol and Ximena Tagle Casapia and Annia S Streher and Oliver L Phillips and Emanuel Gloor and Luiz E O C Arag ao},

doi = {10.3390/rs12142225},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

urldate = {2020-07-01},

journal = {Remote Sens. (Basel)},

volume = {12},

number = {14},

pages = {2225},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Mapping plant species at the regional scale to provide information for ecologists and forest managers is a challenge for the remote sensing community. Here, we use a deep learning algorithm called U-net and very high-resolution multispectral images (0.5 m) from GeoEye satellite to identify, segment and map canopy palms over ∼3000 km 2 of Amazonian forest. The map was used to analyse the spatial distribution of canopy palm trees and its relation to human disturbance and edaphic conditions. The overall accuracy of the map was 95.5% and the F1-score was 0.7. Canopy palm trees covered 6.4% of the forest canopy and were distributed in more than two million patches that can represent one or more individuals. The density of canopy palms is affected by human disturbance. The post-disturbance density in secondary forests seems to be related to the type of disturbance, being higher in abandoned pasture areas and lower in forests that have been cut once and abandoned. Additionally, analysis of palm trees' distribution shows that their abundance is controlled naturally by local soil water content, avoiding both flooded and waterlogged areas near rivers and dry areas on the top of the hills. They show two preferential habitats, in the low elevation above the large rivers, and in the slope directly below the hill tops. Overall, their distribution over the region indicates a relatively pristine landscape, albeit within a forest that is critically endangered because of its location between two deforestation fronts and because of illegal cutting. New tree species distribution data, such as the map of all adult canopy palms produced in this work, are urgently needed to support Amazon species inventory and to understand their distribution and diversity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Aguirre-Gutiérrezpmid30828955,

title = {Drier tropical forests are susceptible to functional changes in response to a long-term drought},

author = {Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Imma Oliveras and Sami Rifai and Sophie Fauset and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Timothy R Baker and Ted R Feldpausch and Agne Gvozdevaite and Wannes Hubau and Nathan J B Kraft and Simon L Lewis and Sam Moore and Ülo Niinemets and Theresa Peprah and Oliver L Phillips and Kasia Ziemińska and Brian Enquist and Yadvinder Malhi},

doi = {10.1111/ele.13243},

issn = {1461-0248},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-05-01},

urldate = {2019-05-01},

journal = {Ecol Lett},

volume = {22},

number = {5},

pages = {855--865},

abstract = {Climatic changes have profound effects on the distribution of biodiversity, but untangling the links between climatic change and ecosystem functioning is challenging, particularly in high diversity systems such as tropical forests. Tropical forests may also show different responses to a changing climate, with baseline climatic conditions potentially inducing differences in the strength and timing of responses to droughts. Trait-based approaches provide an opportunity to link functional composition, ecosystem function and environmental changes. We demonstrate the power of such approaches by presenting a novel analysis of long-term responses of different tropical forest to climatic changes along a rainfall gradient. We explore how key ecosystem's biogeochemical properties have shifted over time as a consequence of multi-decadal drying. Notably, we find that drier tropical forests have increased their deciduous species abundance and generally changed more functionally than forests growing in wetter conditions, suggesting an enhanced ability to adapt ecologically to a drying environment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bruelheide2019-op,

title = {sPlot -- A new tool for global vegetation analyses},

author = {Helge Bruelheide and Jürgen Dengler and Borja Jiménez-Alfaro and Oliver Purschke and Stephan M Hennekens and Milan Chytr'y and Valério D Pillar and Florian Jansen and Jens Kattge and Brody Sandel and Isabelle Aubin and Idoia Biurrun and Richard Field and Sylvia Haider and Ute Jandt and Jonathan Lenoir and Robert K Peet and Gwendolyn Peyre and Francesco Maria Sabatini and Marco Schmidt and Franziska Schrodt and Marten Winter and Svetlana A'ci'c and Emiliano Agrillo and Miguel Alvarez and Didem Ambarli and Pierangela Angelini and Iva Apostolova and Mohammed A S Arfin Khan and Elise Arnst and Fabio Attorre and Christopher Baraloto and Michael Beckmann and Christian Berg and Yves Bergeron and Erwin Bergmeier and Anne D Bjorkman and Viktoria Bondareva and Peter Borchardt and Zoltán Botta-Dukát and Brad Boyle and Amy Breen and Henry Brisse and Chaeho Byun and Marcelo R Cabido and Laura Casella and Luis Cayuela and Tomáv s Cern'y and Victor Chepinoga and János Csiky and Michael Curran and Renata 'Cuv sterevska and Zora Daji'c Stevanovi'c and Els De Bie and Patrice Ruffray and Michele De Sanctis and Panayotis Dimopoulos and Stefan Dressler and Rasmus Ejrnæs and Mohamed Abd El-Rouf Mousa El-Sheikh and Brian Enquist and Jörg Ewald and Jaime Fag'undez and Manfred Finckh and Xavier Font and Estelle Forey and Georgios Fotiadis and Itziar Garc'ia-Mijangos and André Luis Gasper and Valentin Golub and Alvaro G Gutierrez and Mohamed Z Hatim and Tianhua He and Pedro Higuchi and Dana Holubová and Norbert Hölzel and Jürgen Homeier and Adrian Indreica and Deniz Ic sik Gürsoy and Steven Jansen and John Janssen and Birgit Jedrzejek and Martin Jirouv sek and Norbert Jürgens and Zygmunt Kk acki and Ali Kavgaci and Elizabeth Kearsley and Michael Kessler and Ilona Knollová and Vitaliy Kolomiychuk and Andrey Korolyuk and Maria Kozhevnikova and Łukasz Kozub and Daniel Krstonov si'c and Hjalmar Kühl and Ingolf Kühn and Anna Kuzemko and Filip Küzmiv c and Flavia Landucci and Michael T Lee and Aurora Levesley and Ching-Feng Li and Hongyan Liu and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Tatiana Lysenko and Armin Macanovi'c and Parastoo Mahdavi and Peter Manning and Corrado Marcen`o and Vassiliy Martynenko and Maurizio Mencuccini and Vanessa Minden and Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund and Marco Moretti and Jonas V Müller and Jér^ome Munzinger and Ülo Niinemets and Marcin Nobis and Jalil Noroozi and Arkadiusz Nowak and Viktor Onyshchenko and Gerhard E Overbeck and Wim A Ozinga and Anibal Pauchard and Hristo Pedashenko and Josep Pe nuelas and Aaron Pérez-Haase and Tomáv s Peterka and Petr Petv r'ik and Oliver L Phillips and Vadim Prokhorov and Valerijus Rav somaviv cius and Rasmus Revermann and John Rodwell and Eszter Ruprecht and Solvita R=usic na and Cyrus Samimi and Joop H J Schaminée and Ute Schmiedel and Jozef Sib'ik and Urban Silc and v Zeljko Skvorc and Anita Smyth and Tenekwetche Sop and Desislava Sopotlieva and Ben Sparrow and Zvjezdana Stanv ci'c and Jens-Christian Svenning and Grzegorz Swacha and Zhiyao Tang and Ioannis Tsiripidis and Pavel Dan Turtureanu and Emin Uu gurlu and Domas Uogintas and Milan Valachoviv c and Kim André Vanselow and Yulia Vashenyak and Kiril Vassilev and Eduardo Vélez-Martin and Roberto Venanzoni and Alexander Christian Vibrans and Cyrille Violle and Risto Virtanen and Henrik Wehrden and Viktoria Wagner and Donald A Walker and Desalegn Wana and Evan Weiher and Karsten Wesche and Timothy Whitfeld and Wolfgang Willner and Susan Wiser and Thomas Wohlgemuth and Sergey Yamalov and Georg Zizka and Andrei Zverev},

doi = {10.1111/jvs.12710},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-01},

journal = {J. Veg. Sci.},

volume = {30},

number = {2},

pages = {161--186},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chave2019-hd,

title = {Ground data are essential for biomass remote sensing missions},

author = {Jérome Chave and Stuart J Davies and Oliver L Phillips and Simon L Lewis and Plinio Sist and Dmitry Schepaschenko and John Armston and Tim R Baker and David Coomes and Mathias Disney and Laura Duncanson and Bruno Hérault and Nicolas Labri`ere and Victoria Meyer and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Klaus Scipal and Sassan Saatchi},

doi = {10.1007/s10712-019-09528-w},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-07-01},

urldate = {2019-07-01},

journal = {Surv. Geophys.},

volume = {40},

number = {4},

pages = {863--880},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Coelhopmid31712699,

title = {Evolutionary diversity is associated with wood productivity in Amazonian forests},

author = {Fernanda Coelho de Souza and Kyle G Dexter and Oliver L Phillips and R Toby Pennington and Danilo Neves and Martin J P Sullivan and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Átila Alves and Ieda Amaral and Ana Andrade and Luis E O C Aragao and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric J M M Arets and Luzmilla Arroyo and Gerardo A Aymard C and Olaf Bánki and Christopher Baraloto and Jorcely G Barroso and Rene G A Boot and Roel J W Brienen and Foster Brown and José Luís C Camargo and Wendeson Castro and Jerome Chave and Alvaro Cogollo and James A Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo-Valverde and Antonio Lola da Costa and Plínio B de Camargo and Anthony Di Fiore and Ted R Feldpausch and David R Galbraith and Emanuel Gloor and Rosa C Goodman and Martin Gilpin and Rafael Herrera and Niro Higuchi and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Timothy J Killeen and Susan Laurance and William F Laurance and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Thomas E Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Casimiro Mendoza and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and David A Neill and Percy Núñez Vargas and Maria C Peñuela Mora and Georgia C Pickavance and John J Pipoly and Nigel C A Pitman and Lourens Poorter and Adriana Prieto and Freddy Ramirez and Anand Roopsind and Agustin Rudas and Rafael P Salomão and Natalino Silva and Marcos Silveira and James Singh and Juliana Stropp and Hans Ter Steege and John Terborgh and Raquel Thomas-Caesar and Ricardo K Umetsu and Rodolfo V Vasquez and Ima Célia-Vieira and Simone A Vieira and Vincent A Vos and Roderick J Zagt and Timothy R Baker},

doi = {10.1038/s41559-019-1007-y},

issn = {2397-334X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nat Ecol Evol},

volume = {3},

number = {12},

pages = {1754--1761},

abstract = {Higher levels of taxonomic and evolutionary diversity are expected to maximize ecosystem function, yet their relative importance in driving variation in ecosystem function at large scales in diverse forests is unknown. Using 90 inventory plots across intact, lowland, terra firme, Amazonian forests and a new phylogeny including 526 angiosperm genera, we investigated the association between taxonomic and evolutionary metrics of diversity and two key measures of ecosystem function: aboveground wood productivity and biomass storage. While taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity were not important predictors of variation in biomass, both emerged as independent predictors of wood productivity. Amazon forests that contain greater evolutionary diversity and a higher proportion of rare species have higher productivity. While climatic and edaphic variables are together the strongest predictors of productivity, our results show that the evolutionary diversity of tree species in diverse forest stands also influences productivity. As our models accounted for wood density and tree size, they also suggest that additional, unstudied, evolutionarily correlated traits have significant effects on ecosystem function in tropical forests. Overall, our pan-Amazonian analysis shows that greater phylogenetic diversity translates into higher levels of ecosystem function: tropical forest communities with more distantly related taxa have greater wood productivity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Draper2019-yy,

title = {Imaging spectroscopy predicts variable distance decay across contrasting Amazonian tree communities},

author = {Frederick C Draper and Christopher Baraloto and Philip G Brodrick and Oliver L Phillips and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Timothy R Baker and Ricardo Zárate Gómez and Carlos A Amasifuen Guerra and Manuel Flores and Roosevelt Garcia Villacorta and Paul V. A. Fine and Luis Freitas and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Roel J. W Brienen and Gregory P Asner},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13067},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-01},

urldate = {2019-03-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {107},

number = {2},

pages = {696--710},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {1. The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse on Earth, yet accurately quantifying how species composition varies through space (i.e., beta‐diversity) remains a significant challenge. Here, we use high‐fidelity airborne imaging spectroscopy from the Carnegie Airborne Observatory to quantify a key component of beta‐diversity, the distance decay in species similarity through space, across three landscapes in Northern Peru. We then compared our derived distance decay relationships to theoretical expectations obtained from a Poisson Cluster Process, known to match well with empirical distance decay relationships at local scales.

2. We used an unsupervised machine learning approach to estimate spatial turnover in species composition from the imaging spectroscopy data. We first validated this approach across two landscapes using an independent dataset of forest composition in 49 forest census plots (0.1--1.5 ha). We then applied our approach to three landscapes, which together represented terra firme clay forest, seasonally flooded forest and white‐sand forest. We finally used our approach to quantify landscape‐scale distance decay relationships and compared these with theoretical distance decay relationships derived from a Poisson Cluster Process.

3. We found a significant correlation of similarity metrics between spectral data and forest plot data, suggesting that beta‐diversity within and among forest types can be accurately estimated from airborne spectroscopic data using our unsupervised approach. We also found that estimated distance decay in species similarity varied among forest types, with seasonally flooded forests showing stronger distance decay than white‐sand and terra firme forests. Finally, we demonstrated that distance decay relationships derived from the theoretical Poisson Cluster Process compare poorly with our empirical relationships.

4. Synthesis. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of using high‐fidelity imaging spectroscopy to estimate beta‐diversity and continuous distance decay in lowland tropical forests. Furthermore, our findings suggest that distance decay relationships vary substantially among forest types, which has important implications for conserving these valuable ecosystems. Finally, we demonstrate that a theoretical Poisson Cluster Process poorly predicts distance decay in species similarity as conspecific aggregation occurs across a range of nested scales within larger landscapes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Draperpmid30693479,

title = {Dominant tree species drive beta diversity patterns in western Amazonia},

author = {Frederick C Draper and Gregory P Asner and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Timothy R Baker and Roosevelt García-Villacorta and Nigel C A Pitman and Paul V A Fine and Oliver L Phillips and Ricardo Zárate Gómez and Carlos A Amasifuén Guerra and Manuel Flores Arévalo and Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez and Roel J W Brienen and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Luis A Torres Montenegro and Elvis Valderrama Sandoval and Katherine H Roucoux and Fredy R Ramírez Arévalo and Ítalo Mesones Acuy and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Ximena Tagle Casapia and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Massiel Corrales Medina and José Reyna Huaymacari and Christopher Baraloto},

doi = {10.1002/ecy.2636},

issn = {1939-9170},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Ecology},

volume = {100},

number = {4},

pages = {e02636},

abstract = {The forests of western Amazonia are among the most diverse tree communities on Earth, yet this exceptional diversity is distributed highly unevenly within and among communities. In particular, a small number of dominant species account for the majority of individuals, whereas the large majority of species are locally and regionally extremely scarce. By definition, dominant species contribute little to local species richness (alpha diversity), yet the importance of dominant species in structuring patterns of spatial floristic turnover (beta diversity) has not been investigated. Here, using a network of 207 forest inventory plots, we explore the role of dominant species in determining regional patterns of beta diversity (community-level floristic turnover and distance-decay relationships) across a range of habitat types in northern lowland Peru. Of the 2,031 recorded species in our data set, only 99 of them accounted for 50% of individuals. Using these 99 species, it was possible to reconstruct the overall features of regional beta diversity patterns, including the location and dispersion of habitat types in multivariate space, and distance-decay relationships. In fact, our analysis demonstrated that regional patterns of beta diversity were better maintained by the 99 dominant species than by the 1,932 others, whether quantified using species-abundance data or species presence-absence data. Our results reveal that dominant species are normally common only in a single forest type. Therefore, dominant species play a key role in structuring western Amazonian tree communities, which in turn has important implications, both practically for designing effective protected areas, and more generally for understanding the determinants of beta diversity patterns.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Duncansonpmid31395994,

title = {The Importance of Consistent Global Forest Aboveground Biomass Product Validation},

author = {L Duncanson and J Armston and M Disney and V Avitabile and N Barbier and K Calders and S Carter and J Chave and M Herold and T W Crowther and M Falkowski and J R Kellner and N Labrière and R Lucas and N MacBean and R E McRoberts and V Meyer and E Næsset and J E Nickeson and K I Paul and O L Phillips and M Réjou-Méchain and M Román and S Roxburgh and S Saatchi and D Schepaschenko and K Scipal and P R Siqueira and A Whitehurst and M Williams},

doi = {10.1007/s10712-019-09538-8},

issn = {0169-3298},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Surv Geophys},

volume = {40},

number = {4},

pages = {979--999},

abstract = {Several upcoming satellite missions have core science requirements to produce data for accurate forest aboveground biomass mapping. Largely because of these mission datasets, the number of available biomass products is expected to greatly increase over the coming decade. Despite the recognized importance of biomass mapping for a wide range of science, policy and management applications, there remains no community accepted standard for satellite-based biomass map validation. The Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) is developing a protocol to fill this need in advance of the next generation of biomass-relevant satellites, and this paper presents a review of biomass validation practices from a CEOS perspective. We outline the wide range of anticipated user requirements for product accuracy assessment and provide recommendations for the validation of biomass products. These recommendations include the collection of new, high-quality in situ data and the use of airborne lidar biomass maps as tools toward transparent multi-resolution validation. Adoption of community-vetted validation standards and practices will facilitate the uptake of the next generation of biomass products.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Esquivel-Muelbert2019-qw,

title = {A spatial and temporal risk assessment of the impacts of El Ni~no on the tropical forest carbon cycle: Theoretical framework, scenarios, and implications},

author = {Esquivel-Muelbert and Bennett and Sullivan and Baker and Gavish and Johnson and Wang and Chambers-Ostler and Giannichi and Gomes and Kalamandeen and Pattnayak and Fauset},

doi = {10.3390/atmos10100588},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-01},

urldate = {2019-09-01},

journal = {Ätmosphere (Basel)},

volume = {10},

number = {10},

pages = {588},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Strong El Ni~no events alter tropical climates and may lead to a negative carbon balance in tropical forests and consequently a disruption to the global carbon cycle. The complexity of tropical forests and the lack of data from these regions hamper the assessment of the spatial distribution of El Niño impacts on these ecosystems. Typically, maps of climate anomaly are used to detect areas of greater risk, ignoring baseline climate conditions and forest cover. Here, we integrated climate anomalies from the 1982--1983, 1997--1998, and 2015--2016 El Niño events with baseline climate and forest edge extent, using a risk assessment approach to hypothetically assess the spatial and temporal distributions of El Niño risk over tropical forests under several risk scenarios. The drivers of risk varied temporally and spatially. Overall, the relative risk of El Niño has been increasing driven mainly by intensified forest fragmentation that has led to a greater chance of fire ignition and increased mean annual air temperatures. We identified areas of repeated high risk, where conservation efforts and fire control measures should be focused to avoid future forest degradation and negative impacts on the carbon cycle.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Esquivelpmid30406962,

title = {Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change},

author = {Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Timothy R Baker and Kyle G Dexter and Simon L Lewis and Roel J W Brienen and Ted R Feldpausch and Jon Lloyd and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Luzmila Arroyo and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and Niro Higuchi and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Marcos Silveira and Emilio Vilanova and Emanuel Gloor and Yadvinder Malhi and Jerôme Chave and Jos Barlow and Damien Bonal and Nallaret Davila Cardozo and Terry Erwin and Sophie Fauset and Bruno Hérault and Susan Laurance and Lourens Poorter and Lan Qie and Clement Stahl and Martin J P Sullivan and Hans Ter Steege and Vincent Antoine Vos and Pieter A Zuidema and Everton Almeida and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Ana Andrade and Simone Aparecida Vieira and Luiz Aragão and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric Arets and Gerardo A Aymard C and Christopher Baraloto and Plínio Barbosa Camargo and Jorcely G Barroso and Frans Bongers and Rene Boot and José Luís Camargo and Wendeson Castro and Victor Chama Moscoso and James Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa and Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel and Anthony Di Fiore and Luisa Fernanda Duque and Fernando Elias and Julien Engel and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and David Galbraith and Rafael Herrera Fernández and Eurídice Honorio Coronado and Wannes Hubau and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Adriano José Nogueira Lima and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and William Laurance and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Thomas Lovejoy and Omar Aurelio Melo Cruz and Paulo S Morandi and David Neill and Percy Núñez Vargas and Nadir C Pallqui Camacho and Alexander Parada Gutierrez and Guido Pardo and Julie Peacock and Marielos Peña-Claros and Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora and Pascal Petronelli and Georgia C Pickavance and Nigel Pitman and Adriana Prieto and Carlos Quesada and Hirma Ramírez-Angulo and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Zorayda Restrepo Correa and Anand Roopsind and Agustín Rudas and Rafael Salomão and Natalino Silva and Javier Silva Espejo and James Singh and Juliana Stropp and John Terborgh and Raquel Thomas and Marisol Toledo and Armando Torres-Lezama and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Peter J van de Meer and Geertje van der Heijden and Peter van der Hout and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Cesar Vela and Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.14413},

issn = {1365-2486},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Glob Chang Biol},

volume = {25},

number = {1},

pages = {39--56},

abstract = {Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fauset2019-to,

title = {Individual-based modeling of Amazon forests suggests that climate controls productivity while traits control demography},

author = {Sophie Fauset and Manuel Gloor and Nikolaos M Fyllas and Oliver L Phillips and Gregory P Asner and Timothy R Baker and Lisa Patrick Bentley and Roel J W Brienen and Bradley O Christoffersen and Jhon Aguila-Pasquel and Christopher E Doughty and Ted R Feldpausch and David R Galbraith and Rosa C Goodman and Cécile A J Girardin and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Abel Monteagudo and Norma Salinas and Alexander Shenkin and Javier E Silva-Espejo and Geertje Heijden and Rodolfo Vasquez and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Luzmila Arroyo and Jorcely G Barroso and Foster Brown and Wendeson Castro and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Nallarett Davila Cardozo and Anthony Di Fiore and Terry Erwin and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Percy N'u nez Vargas and David Neill and Nadir Pallqui Camacho and Alexander Parada Gutierrez and Julie Peacock and Nigel Pitman and Adriana Prieto and Zorayda Restrepo and Agust'in Rudas and Carlos A Quesada and Marcos Silveira and Juliana Stropp and John Terborgh and Simone A Vieira and Yadvinder Malhi},

doi = {10.3389/feart.2019.00083},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-04-01},

urldate = {2019-04-01},

journal = {Front. Earth Sci.},

volume = {7},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {Climate, species composition, and soils are thought to control carbon cycling and forest structure in Amazonian forests. Here, we add a demographics scheme (tree recruitment, growth, and mortality) to a recently developed non-demographic model - the Trait-based Forest Simulator (TFS) -- to explore the roles of climate and plant traits in controlling forest productivity and structure. We compared two sites with differing climates (seasonal versus aseasonal precipitation) and plant traits. Through an initial validation simulation, we assessed whether the model converges on observed forest properties (productivity, demographic and structural variables) using datasets of functional traits, structure, and climate to model the carbon cycle at the two sites. In a second set of simulations, we tested the relative importance of climate and plant traits for forest properties within the TFS framework using the climate from the two sites with hypothetical trait distributions representing two axes of functional variation (`fast' versus `slow' leaf traits, and high versus low wood density). The adapted model with demographics reproduced observed variation in gross (GPP) and net (NPP) primary production, and respiration. However NPP and respiration at the level of plant organs (leaf, stem, and root) were poorly simulated. Mortality and recruitment rates were underestimated. The equilibrium forest structure differed from observations of stem numbers suggesting either that the forests are not currently at equilibrium or that mechanisms are missing from the model. Findings from the second set of simulations demonstrated that differences in productivity were driven by climate, rather than plant traits. Contrary to expectation, varying leaf traits had no influence on GPP. Drivers of simulated forest structure were complex, with a key role for wood density mediated by its link to tree mortality. Modelled mortality and recruitment rates were linked to plant traits alone, drought-related mortality was not accounted for. In future, model development should focus on improving allocation, mortality, organ respiration, simulation of understory trees and adding hydraulic traits. This type of model that incorporates diverse tree strategies, detailed forest structure and realistic physiology is necessary if we are to be able to simulate tropical forest responses to global change scenarios.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Funk2019-qj,

title = {Securing the climate benefits of stable forests},

author = {Jason M Funk and Naikoa Aguilar-Amuchastegui and William Baldwin-Cantello and Jonah Busch and Evgeny Chuvasov and Tom Evans and Bryna Griffin and Nancy Harris and Mariana Napolitano Ferreira and Karen Petersen and Oliver Phillips and Muri G Soares and Richard J A Hoff},

doi = {10.1080/14693062.2019.1598838},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-08-01},

journal = {Clim. Policy},

volume = {19},

number = {7},

pages = {845--860},

publisher = {Informa UK Limited},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Honoriopmid31380054,

title = {Comparative phylogeography of five widespread tree species: Insights into the history of western Amazonia},

author = {Eurídice N Honorio-Coronado and Kyle G Dexter and Michelle L Hart and Oliver L Phillips and R Toby Pennington},

doi = {10.1002/ece3.5306},

issn = {2045-7758},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-06-01},

urldate = {2019-06-01},

journal = {Ecol Evol},

volume = {9},

number = {12},

pages = {7333--7345},

abstract = {Various historical processes have been put forth as drivers of patterns in the spatial distribution of Amazonian trees and their population genetic variation. We tested whether five widespread tree species show congruent phylogeographic breaks and similar patterns of demographic expansion, which could be related to proposed Pleistocene refugia or the presence of geological arches in western Amazonia. We sampled  (Myristicaceae), , ,  (all Moraceae), and  (Caricaceae) across the western Amazon Basin. Plastid DNA (H-A; 674 individuals from 34 populations) and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS; 214 individuals from 30 populations) were sequenced to assess genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, population genetic structure, and demographic patterns. Overall genetic diversity for both markers varied among species, with higher values in populations of shade-tolerant species than in pioneer species. Spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA) identified three genetically differentiated groups for the plastid marker for each species, but the areas of genetic differentiation were not concordant among species. Fewer SAMOVA groups were found for ITS, with no detectable genetic differentiation among populations in pioneers. The lack of spatially congruent phylogeographic breaks across species suggests no common biogeographic history of these Amazonian tree species. The idiosyncratic phylogeographic patterns of species could be due instead to species-specific responses to geological and climatic changes. Population genetic patterns were similar among species with similar biological features, indicating that the ecological characteristics of species impact large-scale phylogeography.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marques2019-xk,

title = {Redefining the Cerrado--Amazonia transition: implications for conservation},

author = {Eduardo Q Marques and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Beatriz S Marimon and Eraldo A T Matricardi and Henrique A Mews and Guarino R Colli},

doi = {10.1007/s10531-019-01720-z},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-02-01},

urldate = {2019-02-01},

journal = {Biodivers. Conserv.},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nogueira2019,

title = {Impacts of fire on forest biomass dynamics at the southern Amazon edge},

author = {Denis S Nogueira and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Edmar A Oliveira and Paulo Morandi and Simone M Reis and Fernando Elias and Eder C Neves and Ted R Feldpausch and Jon Lloyd and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1017/S0376892919000110},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-12-01},

urldate = {2019-12-01},

journal = {Environ. Conserv.},

volume = {46},

number = {4},

pages = {285--292},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},

abstract = {SummaryOver recent decades, biomass gains in remaining old-growth Amazonia forests have declined due to environmental change. Amazonia's huge size and complexity makes understanding these changes, drivers, and consequences very challenging. Here, using a network of permanent monitoring plots at the Amazon--Cerrado transition, we quantify recent biomass carbon changes and explore their environmental drivers. Our study area covers 30 plots of upland and riparian forests sampled at least twice between 1996 and 2016 and subject to various levels of fire and drought. Using these plots, we aimed to: (1) estimate the long-term biomass change rate; (2) determine the extent to which forest changes are influenced by forest type; and (3) assess the threat to forests from ongoing environmental change. Overall, there was no net change in biomass, but there was clear variation among different forest types. Burning occurred at least once in 8 of the 12 riparian forests, while only 1 of the 18 upland forests burned, resulting in losses of carbon in burned riparian forests. Net biomass gains prevailed among other riparian and upland forests throughout Amazonia. Our results reveal an unanticipated vulnerability of riparian forests to fire, likely aggravated by drought, and threatening ecosystem conservation at the Amazon southern margins.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Phillipspmid31395992,

title = {Species Matter: Wood Density Influences Tropical Forest Biomass at Multiple Scales},

author = {Oliver L Phillips and Martin J P Sullivan and Tim R Baker and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Percy Núñez Vargas and Rodolfo Vásquez},

doi = {10.1007/s10712-019-09540-0},

issn = {0169-3298},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Surv Geophys},

volume = {40},

number = {4},

pages = {913--935},

abstract = {The mass of carbon contained in trees is governed by the volume and density of their wood. This represents a challenge to most remote sensing technologies, which typically detect surface structure and parameters related to wood volume but not to its density. Since wood density is largely determined by taxonomic identity this challenge is greatest in tropical forests where there are tens of thousands of tree species. Here, using pan-tropical literature and new analyses in Amazonia with plots with reliable identifications we assess the impact that species-related variation in wood density has on biomass estimates of mature tropical forests. We find impacts of species on forest biomass due to wood density at all scales from the individual tree up to the whole biome: variation in tree species composition regulates how much carbon forests can store. Even local differences in composition can cause variation in forest biomass and carbon density of 20% between subtly different local forest types, while additional large-scale floristic variation leads to variation in mean wood density of 10-30% across Amazonia and the tropics. Further, because species composition varies at all scales and even vertically within a stand, our analysis shows that bias and uncertainty always result if individual identity is ignored. Since sufficient inventory-based evidence based on botanical identification now exists to show that species composition matters biome-wide for biomass, we here assemble and provide mean basal-area-weighted wood density values for different forests across the lowand tropical biome. These range widely, from 0.467 to 0.728 g cm with a pan-tropical mean of 0.619 g cm. Our analysis shows that mapping tropical ecosystem carbon always benefits from locally validated measurement of tree-by-tree botanical identity combined with tree-by-tree measurement of dimensions. Therefore whenever possible, efforts to map and monitor tropical forest carbon using remote sensing techniques should be combined with tree-level measurement of species identity by botanists working in inventory plots.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pospmid30938488,

title = {Scaling issues of neutral theory reveal violations of ecological equivalence for dominant Amazonian tree species},

author = {Edwin Pos and Juan Ernesto Guevara and Jean-François Molino and Daniel Sabatier and Olaf S Bánki and Nigel C A Pitman and Hugo F Mogollón and Roosevelt García-Villacorta and David Neill and Oliver L Phillips and Carlos Cerón and Marcos Ríos Paredes and Percy Núñez Vargas and Nállarett Dávila and Anthony Di Fiore and Gonzalo Rivas-Torres and Raquel Thomas-Caesar and Corine Vriesendorp and Kenneth R Young and Milton Tirado and Ophelia Wang and Rodrigo Sierra and Italo Mesones and Roderick Zagt and Rodolfo Vasquez and Manuel A Ahuite Reategui and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Elvis H Valderrama Sandoval and Hans Ter Steege},

doi = {10.1111/ele.13264},

issn = {1461-0248},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-07-01},

urldate = {2019-07-01},

journal = {Ecol Lett},

volume = {22},

number = {7},

pages = {1072--1082},

abstract = {Neutral models are often used as null models, testing the relative importance of niche versus neutral processes in shaping diversity. Most versions, however, focus only on regional scale predictions and neglect local level contributions. Recently, a new formulation of spatial neutral theory was published showing an incompatibility between regional and local scale fits where especially the number of rare species was dramatically under-predicted. Using a forward in time semi-spatially explicit neutral model and a unique large-scale Amazonian tree inventory data set, we show that neutral theory not only underestimates the number of rare species but also fails in predicting the excessive dominance of species on both regional and local levels. We show that although there are clear relationships between species composition, spatial and environmental distances, there is also a clear differentiation between species able to attain dominance with and without restriction to specific habitats. We conclude therefore that the apparent dominance of these species is real, and that their excessive abundance can be attributed to fitness differences in different ways, a clear violation of the ecological equivalence assumption of neutral theory.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Requenapmid31310673,

title = {Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data},

author = {Daniela Requena Suarez and Danaë M A Rozendaal and Veronique De Sy and Oliver L Phillips and Esteban Alvarez-Dávila and Kristina Anderson-Teixeira and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Timothy R Baker and Frans Bongers and Roel J W Brienen and Sarah Carter and Susan C Cook-Patton and Ted R Feldpausch and Bronson W Griscom and Nancy Harris and Bruno Hérault and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Sara M Leavitt and Simon L Lewis and Beatriz S Marimon and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Justin Kassi N'dja and Anny Estelle N'Guessan and Lourens Poorter and Lan Qie and Ervan Rutishauser and Plinio Sist and Bonaventure Sonké and Martin J P Sullivan and Emilio Vilanova and Maria M H Wang and Christopher Martius and Martin Herold},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.14767},

issn = {1365-2486},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Glob Chang Biol},

volume = {25},

number = {11},

pages = {3609--3624},

abstract = {As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old-growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old-growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old-growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha  year in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha  year in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha  year in old-growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large-scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Schepaschenko2019-ym,

title = {The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass},

author = {Dmitry Schepaschenko and Jér^ome Chave and Oliver L Phillips and Simon L Lewis and Stuart J Davies and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Plinio Sist and Klaus Scipal and Christoph Perger and Bruno Herault and Nicolas Labri`ere and Florian Hofhansl and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Alexei Aleinikov and Alfonso Alonso and Christian Amani and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and John Armston and Luzmila Arroyo and Nataly Ascarrunz and Celso Azevedo and Timothy Baker and Radomir Bałazy and Caroline Bedeau and Nicholas Berry and Andrii M Bilous and Svitlana Yu Bilous and Pulchérie Bissiengou and Lilian Blanc and Kapitolina S Bobkova and Tatyana Braslavskaya and Roel Brienen and David F R P Burslem and Richard Condit and Aida Cuni-Sanchez and Dilshad Danilina and Dennis Del Castillo Torres and Géraldine Derroire and Laurent Descroix and Eleneide Doff Sotta and Marcus V N dÓliveira and Christopher Dresel and Terry Erwin and Mikhail D Evdokimenko and Jan Falck and Ted R Feldpausch and Ernest G Foli and Robin Foster and Steffen Fritz and Antonio Damian Garcia-Abril and Aleksey Gornov and Maria Gornova and Ernest Gothard-Bassébé and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury and Marcelino Guedes and Keith C Hamer and Farida Herry Susanty and Niro Higuchi and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Wannes Hubau and Stephen Hubbell and Ulrik Ilstedt and Viktor V Ivanov and Milton Kanashiro and Anders Karlsson and Viktor N Karminov and Timothy Killeen and Jean-Claude Konan Koffi and Maria Konovalova and Florian Kraxner and Jan Krejza and Haruni Krisnawati and Leonid V Krivobokov and Mikhail A Kuznetsov and Ivan Lakyda and Petro I Lakyda and Juan Carlos Licona and Richard M Lucas and Natalia Lukina and Daniel Lussetti and Yadvinder Malhi and José Antonio Manzanera and Beatriz Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Olga V Martynenko and Maksym Matsala and Raisa K Matyashuk and Lucas Mazzei and Hervé Memiaghe and Casimiro Mendoza and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Olga V Moroziuk and Liudmila Mukhortova and Samsudin Musa and Dina I Nazimova and Toshinori Okuda and Luis Claudio Oliveira and Petr V Ontikov and Andrey F Osipov and Stephan Pietsch and Maureen Playfair and John Poulsen and Vladimir G Radchenko and Kenneth Rodney and Andes H Rozak and Ademir Ruschel and Ervan Rutishauser and Linda See and Maria Shchepashchenko and Nikolay Shevchenko and Anatoly Shvidenko and Marcos Silveira and James Singh and Bonaventure Sonké and Cintia Souza and Krzysztof Stere'nczak and Leonid Stonozhenko and Martin J P Sullivan and Justyna Szatniewska and Hermann Taedoumg and Hans Ter Steege and Elena Tikhonova and Marisol Toledo and Olga V Trefilova and Ruben Valbuena and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Sergey Vasiliev and Estella F Vedrova and Sergey V Verhovets and Edson Vidal and Nadezhda A Vladimirova and Jason Vleminckx and Vincent A Vos and Foma K Vozmitel and Wolfgang Wanek and Thales A P West and Hannsjorg Woell and John T Woods and Verginia Wortel and Toshihiro Yamada and Zamah Shari Nur Hajar and Irié Casimir Zo-Bi},

doi = {10.1038/s41597-019-0196-1},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-01},

journal = {Sci. Data},

volume = {6},

number = {1},

pages = {198},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Steidingerpmid31092941,

title = {Climatic controls of decomposition drive the global biogeography of forest-tree symbioses},

author = {B S Steidinger and T W Crowther and J Liang and M E Van Nuland and G D A Werner and P B Reich and G J Nabuurs and S de-Miguel and M Zhou and N Picard and B Herault and X Zhao and C Zhang and D Routh and K G Peay},

doi = {10.1038/s41586-019-1128-0},

issn = {1476-4687},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {569},

number = {7756},

pages = {404--408},

abstract = {The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools, sequester carbon and withstand the effects of climate change. Characterizing the global distribution of these symbioses and identifying the factors that control this distribution are thus integral to understanding the present and future functioning of forest ecosystems. Here we generate a spatially explicit global map of the symbiotic status of forests, using a database of over 1.1 million forest inventory plots that collectively contain over 28,000 tree species. Our analyses indicate that climate variables-in particular, climatically controlled variation in the rate of decomposition-are the primary drivers of the global distribution of major symbioses. We estimate that ectomycorrhizal trees, which represent only 2% of all plant species, constitute approximately 60% of tree stems on Earth. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis dominates forests in which seasonally cold and dry climates inhibit decomposition, and is the predominant form of symbiosis at high latitudes and elevation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal trees dominate in aseasonal, warm tropical forests, and occur with ectomycorrhizal trees in temperate biomes in which seasonally warm-and-wet climates enhance decomposition. Continental transitions between forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal trees occur relatively abruptly along climate-driven decomposition gradients; these transitions are probably caused by positive feedback effects between plants and microorganisms. Symbiotic nitrogen fixers-which are insensitive to climatic controls on decomposition (compared with mycorrhizal fungi)-are most abundant in arid biomes with alkaline soils and high maximum temperatures. The climatically driven global symbiosis gradient that we document provides a spatially explicit quantitative understanding of microbial symbioses at the global scale, and demonstrates the critical role of microbial mutualisms in shaping the distribution of plant species.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ter_Steege2019-zq,

title = {Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests},

author = {Hans Ter Steege and Terry W Henkel and Nora Helal and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Andreas Huth and Jürgen Groeneveld and Daniel Sabatier and Luiz de Souza Coelho and Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho and Rafael P Salom ao and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Francisca Dion'izia de Almeida Matos and Carolina V Castilho and Oliver L Phillips and Juan Ernesto Guevara and Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim and Dairon Cárdenas López and William E Magnusson and Florian Wittmann and Mariana Victória Irume and Maria Pires Martins and José Renan da Silva Guimar aes and Jean-Franc cois Molino and Olaf S Bánki and Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade and Nigel C A Pitman and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and José Ferreira Ramos and Bruno Garcia Luize and Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Le ao Novo and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Thiago Sanna Freire Silva and Eduardo Martins Venticinque and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and Neidiane Farias Costa Reis and John Terborgh and Katia Regina Casula and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Juan Carlos Montero and Ted R Feldpausch and Alvaro Duque and Flávia R C Costa and Nicolás Casta no Arboleda and Jochen Schöngart and Timothy J Killeen and Rodolfo Vasquez and Bonifacio Mostacedo and Layon O Demarchi and Rafael L Assis and Chris Baraloto and Julien Engel and Pascal Petronelli and Hernán Castellanos and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Adriano Quaresma and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and Ana Andrade and José Lu'is Camargo and Susan G W Laurance and William F Laurance and Lorena M Rincón and Juliana Schietti and Thaiane R Sousa and Emanuelle Sousa Farias and Maria Aparecida Lopes and José Leonardo Lima Magalh aes and Henrique Eduardo Mendonc ca Nascimento and Helder Lima de Queiroz and Gerardo A Aymard C and Roel Brienen and Juan David Cardenas Revilla and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Bruno Barc cante Ladvocat Cintra and Pablo R Stevenson and Yuri Oliveira Feitosa and Joost F Duivenvoorden and Hugo F Mogollón and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Leandro Valle Ferreira and José Rafael Lozada and James A Comiskey and José Julio Toledo and Gabriel Damasco and Nállarett Dávila and Freddie Draper and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Aline Lopes and Alberto Vicentini and Alfonso Alonso and Francisco Dallmeier and Vitor H F Gomes and Jon Lloyd and David Neill and Daniel Praia Portela Aguiar and Luzmila Arroyo and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Fernanda Coelho Souza and Dário Dantas Amaral and Kenneth J Feeley and Rogerio Gribel and Marcelo Petratti Pansonato and Jos Barlow and Erika Berenguer and Joice Ferreira and Paul V A Fine and Marcelino Carneiro Guedes and Eliana M Jimenez and Juan Carlos Licona and Maria Cristina Pe nuela Mora and Boris Villa and Carlos Cerón and Paul Maas and Marcos Silveira and Juliana Stropp and Raquel Thomas and Tim R Baker and Doug Daly and Kyle G Dexter and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and William Milliken and Toby Pennington and Marcos R'ios Paredes and Alfredo Fuentes and Bente Klitgaard and José Luis Marcelo Pena and Carlos A Peres and Miles R Silman and J Sebastián Tello and Jerome Chave and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Anthony Di Fiore and Renato Richard Hilário and Juan Fernando Phillips and Gonzalo Rivas-Torres and Tinde R Andel and Patricio Hildebrand and Jana'ina Costa Noronha and Edelcilio Marques Barbosa and Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa and Luiz Carlos Matos Bonates and Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo and Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza and Émile Fonty and Ricardo GómeZárate Z and Therany Gonzales and George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales and Bruce Hoffman and André Braga Junqueira and Yadvinder Malhi and Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda and Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto and Adriana Prieto and Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues and Agust'in Rudas and Ademir R Ruschel and Natalino Silva and César I A Vela and Vincent Antoine Vos and Egleé L Zent and Stanford Zent and Bianca Weiss Albuquerque and Angela Cano and Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez and Diego F Correa and Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa and Bernardo Monteiro Flores and David Galbraith and Milena Holmgren and Michelle Kalamandeen and Marcelo Trindade Nascimento and Alexandre A Oliveira and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Maira Rocha and Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller and Rodrigo Sierra and Milton Tirado and Maria Natalia Uma na Medina and Geertje Heijden and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Corine Vriesendorp and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth R Young and Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui and Cláudia Baider and Henrik Balslev and Sasha Cárdenas and Luisa Fernanda Casas and William Farfan-Rios and Cid Ferreira and Reynaldo Linares-Palomino and Casimiro Mendoza and Italo Mesones and Armando Torres-Lezama and Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo and Daniel Villarroel and Roderick Zagt and Miguel N Alexiades and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Karina Garcia-Cabrera and Lionel Hernandez and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Susamar Pansini and Daniela Pauletto and Freddy Ramirez Arevalo and Adeilza Felipe Sampaio and Elvis H Valderrama Sandoval and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Aurora Levesley and Georgia Pickavance and Karina Melgac co},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-50323-9},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-01},

journal = {Sci. Rep.},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

pages = {13822},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such ``monodominant'' forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees $geq$ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vicuna_Minano2019-dg,

title = {EL SUMIDERO DE CARBONO EN LOS BOSQUES PRIMARIOS AMAZÓNICOS ES UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA LOGRAR LA SOSTENIBILIDAD DE SU CONSERVACIÓN},

author = {Edgar Vicu-na-Mi-nano and Tim R Baker and Karina Banda-R. and Eur'idice Honorio Coronado and Abel Monteagudo and Oliver L Phillips and Dennis Castillo Torres and William Farfan Rios and Gerardo Flores and David Huaman and Keysa Tantte Huaman and Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango and Eva Lojas Aleman and Joana B Melo and Georgia C Pickavance and Marcos Rios and Mar'ia Rojas and Norma Salinas and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Vicuna_Minano_etal_2019.pdf},

doi = {10.24841/fa.v27i1.456},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-02-01},

urldate = {2019-02-01},

journal = {Folia amaz.},

volume = {27},

number = {1},

pages = {101--109},

publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana - IIAP},

abstract = {Los bosques primarios intactos de la Amazon'ia peruana se comportan como sumideros de carbono: un servicio ecosistémico clave a nivel mundial. Este sumidero fue cuantificado en 0.54 Mg C ha-1 a~no-1 (1990-2017) para los bosques amazónicos intactos de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANPs) de Per'u y las zonas de amortiguamiento. En otras palabras, la conservación de bosques intactos en ANPs ayudó a remover 9.6 millones de toneladas de carbono de la atmósfera por a~no, lo cual equivale aproximadamente al 85% de las emisiones de la quema de combustibles fósiles del pa'is durante el 2012. Este servicio de remoción de CO2 atmosférico es necesario incluir en el inventario nacional de gases de efecto invernadero, y en los compromisos nacionales de reducción de emisiones, por dos razones. Primero, debido a ser un flujo importante, nos ayudar'ia a tener una aproximación más real del balance de carbono en Per'u. Segundo, fortalecer'ia la necesidad de mantener la integridad de estos bosques tanto por el servicio de almacenamiento de carbono (evitar emisiones) como el servicio de sumidero (remoción de emisiones) y la diversidad biológica que albergan. La provisión del servicio de sumidero solo se asegurará con una gestión efectiva y adaptativa de las ANPs. El reporte de este servicio ambiental a nivel nacional debe ser implementado a través del monitoreo a largo plazo de la dinámica del carbono y el impacto del cambio climático a través de la red de parcelas forestales permanentes de RAINFOR (Red Amazónica de Inventarios Forestales) y el proyecto MonANPeru. El establecimiento de este sistema de monitoreo permitirá el desarrollo de los mecanismos financieros para cerrar la brecha y lograr la sostenibilidad de la conservación de los bosques en las ANPs de Per'u.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner2019-mg,

title = {Using the U‐net convolutional network to map forest types and disturbance in the Atlantic rainforest with very high resolution images},

author = {Fabien H Wagner and Alber Sanchez and Yuliya Tarabalka and Rodolfo G Lotte and Matheus P Ferreira and Marcos P M Aidar and Emanuel Gloor and Oliver L Phillips and Luiz E O C Arag ao},

doi = {10.1002/rse2.111},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-12-01},

urldate = {2019-12-01},

journal = {Remote Sens. Ecol. Conserv.},

volume = {5},

number = {4},

pages = {360--375},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Alfaro_Curitumay2018-ii,

title = {Dinámica, biomasa aérea y variables poblacionales de dos parcelas permanentes en bosques montanos de Wi~naywayna, Santuario Histórico de Machupicchu, Cusco, Peru},

author = {Lucero E" Älfaro-Curitumay},

doi = {10.22497/arnaldoa.252.25217},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-01},

urldate = {2018-08-01},

journal = {Ärnaldoa},

volume = {25},

number = {2},

publisher = {Üniversidad Privada Antenor Orrego},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Aragãopmid29440640,

title = {21st Century drought-related fires counteract the decline of Amazon deforestation carbon emissions},

author = {Luiz E O C Aragão and Liana O Anderson and Marisa G Fonseca and Thais M Rosan and Laura B Vedovato and Fabien H Wagner and Camila V J Silva and Celso H L Silva Junior and Egidio Arai and Ana P Aguiar and Jos Barlow and Erika Berenguer and Merritt N Deeter and Lucas G Domingues and Luciana Gatti and Manuel Gloor and Yadvinder Malhi and Jose A Marengo and John B Miller and Oliver L Phillips and Sassan Saatchi},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-02771-y},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

pages = {536},

abstract = {Tropical carbon emissions are largely derived from direct forest clearing processes. Yet, emissions from drought-induced forest fires are, usually, not included in national-level carbon emission inventories. Here we examine Brazilian Amazon drought impacts on fire incidence and associated forest fire carbon emissions over the period 2003-2015. We show that despite a 76% decline in deforestation rates over the past 13 years, fire incidence increased by 36% during the 2015 drought compared to the preceding 12 years. The 2015 drought had the largest ever ratio of active fire counts to deforestation, with active fires occurring over an area of 799,293 km. Gross emissions from forest fires (989 ± 504 Tg CO year) alone are more than half as great as those from old-growth forest deforestation during drought years. We conclude that carbon emission inventories intended for accounting and developing policies need to take account of substantial forest fire emissions not associated to the deforestation process.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Barbosa2018-ex,

title = {Savanna turning into forest: concerted vegetation change at the ecotone between the Amazon and ''Cerrado'' biomes},

author = {Fábio Barbosa-Passos and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Oliver L Phillips and Paulo Sérgio Morandi and Eder Carvalho Neves and Fernando Elias and Simone Matias Reis and Bianca Oliveira and Ted R Feldpausch and Ben Hur Marimon Junior},

doi = {10.1007/s40415-018-0470-z},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-09-01},

urldate = {2018-09-01},

journal = {Rev. Bras. Bot.},

volume = {41},

number = {3},

pages = {611--619},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bastin2018-kf,

title = {Pan‐tropical prediction of forest structure from the largest trees},

author = {Jean-François Bastin and Ervan Rutishauser and James R Kellner and Sassan Saatchi and Raphael Pélissier and Bruno Hérault and Ferry Slik and Jan Bogaert and Charles De Canni`ere and Andrew R Marshall and John Poulsen and Patricia Alvarez-Loyayza and Ana Andrade and Albert Angbonga-Basia and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Narayanan Ayyappan and Celso Paulo Azevedo and Olaf Banki and Nicolas Barbier and Jorcely G Barroso and Hans Beeckman and Robert Bitariho and Pascal Boeckx and Katrin Boehning-Gaese and Hilandia Brand ao and Francis Q Brearley and Mireille Breuer Ndoundou Hockemba and Roel Brienen and Jose Luis C Camargo and Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz and Benoit Cassart and Jér^ome Chave and Robin Chazdon and Georges Chuyong and David B Clark and Connie J Clark and Richard Condit and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Priya Davidar and Thal`es Haulleville and Laurent Descroix and Jean-Louis Doucet and Aurelie Dourdain and Vincent Droissart and Thomas Duncan and Javier Silva Espejo and Santiago Espinosa and Nina Farwig and Adeline Fayolle and Ted R Feldpausch and Antonio Ferraz and Christine Fletcher and Krisna Gajapersad and Jean-Franc cois Gillet and I^eda Le ao do Amaral and Christelle Gonmadje and James Grogan and David Harris and Sebastian K Herzog and Jürgen Homeier and Wannes Hubau and Stephen P Hubbell and Koen Hufkens and Johanna Hurtado and Narcisse G Kamdem and Elizabeth Kearsley and David Kenfack and Michael Kessler and Nicolas Labri`ere and Yves Laumonier and Susan Laurance and William F Laurance and Simon L Lewis and Moses B Libalah and Gauthier Ligot and Jon Lloyd and Thomas E Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Emmanuel H Martin and Paulus Matius and Victoria Meyer and Casimero Mendoza Bautista and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Arafat Mtui and David Neill and Germaine Alexander Parada Gutierrez and Guido Pardo and Marc Parren and N Parthasarathy and Oliver L Phillips and Nigel C A Pitman and Pierre Ploton and Quentin Ponette and B R Ramesh and Jean-Claude Razafimahaimodison and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Samir Gonc calves Rolim and Hugo Romero Saltos and Luiz Marcelo Brum Rossi and Wilson Roberto Spironello and Francesco Rovero and Philippe Saner and Denise Sasaki and Mark Schulze and Marcos Silveira and James Singh and Plinio Sist and Bonaventure Sonke and J Daniel Soto and Cintia Rodrigues Souza and Juliana Stropp and Martin J P Sullivan and Ben Swanepoel and Hans Ter Steege and John Terborgh and Nicolas Texier and Takeshi Toma and Renato Valencia and Luis Valenzuela and Leandro Valle Ferreira and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Tinde R Van Andel and Rodolfo Vasque and Hans Verbeeck and Pandi Vivek and Jason Vleminckx and Vincent A Vos and Fabien H Wagner and Papi Puspa Warsudi and Verginia Wortel and Roderick J Zagt and Donatien Zebaze},

doi = {10.1111/geb.12803},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-11-01},

urldate = {2018-11-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

volume = {27},

number = {11},

pages = {1366--1383},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Aim: Large tropical trees form the interface between ground and airborne observations, offering a unique opportunity to capture forest properties remotely and to investigate their variations on broad scales. However, despite rapid development of metrics to characterize the forest canopy from remotely sensed data, a gap remains between aerial and field inventories. To close this gap, we propose a new pan‐tropical model to predict plot‐level forest structure properties and biomass from only the largest trees. Location: Pan‐tropical. Time period: Early 21st century. Major taxa studied: Woody plants. Methods: Using a dataset of 867 plots distributed among 118 sites across the tropics, we tested the prediction of the quadratic mean diameter, basal area, Lorey's height, community wood density and aboveground biomass (AGB) from the ith largest trees. Results: Measuring the largest trees in tropical forests enables unbiased predictions of plot‐ and site‐level forest structure. The 20 largest trees per hectare predicted quadratic mean diameter, basal area, Lorey's height, community wood density and AGB with 12, 16, 4, 4 and 17.7% of relative error, respectively. Most of the remaining error in biomass prediction is driven by differences in the proportion of total biomass held in medium‐sized trees (50--70 cm diameter at breast height), which shows some continental dependency, with American tropical forests presenting the highest proportion of total biomass in these intermediate‐diameter classes relative to other continents. Main conclusions: Our approach provides new information on tropical forest structure and can be used to generate accurate field estimates of tropical forest carbon stocks to support the calibration and validation of current and forthcoming space missions. It will reduce the cost of field inventories and contribute to scientific understanding of tropical forest ecosystems and response to climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bonini2018-wp,

title = {Collapse of ecosystem carbon stocks due to forest conversion to soybean plantations at the Amazon-Cerrado transition},

author = {Isabelle Bonini and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Eraldo Matricardi and Oliver Phillips and Fabiano Petter and Bianca Oliveira and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon},

doi = {10.1016/j.foreco.2018.01.038},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-04-01},

urldate = {2018-04-01},

journal = {For. Ecol. Manage.},

volume = {414},

pages = {64--73},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Deforestation to establish monocrops in the tropics is causing massive reductions in ecosystem C stocks. Amazonia is a principal targets of this process, owing to the expansion of the agribusiness frontier throughout the transition with the Cerrado biome, the zone known as the ``Arc of Deforestation''. In this vast contact region between the two largest South American biomes, the conversion of primary forest to soybean and pasture systems has led to the deforestation of nearly five million hectares since 1980. Despite this, we lack precise understanding of the effects of land use on ecosystem C stocks and pools in this region. Addressing this knowledge gap is crucial to improve predictions and fit models for different land use scenarios in Amazonia. To reduce uncertainty regarding the magnitude of the impacts of deforestation on the C cycle, we evaluated ecosystem C stocks in contrasting land-use systems across a topographically, climatically, and edaphically near-homogeneous landscape in southern Amazonia. We investigated the soil, litter, fine root and aboveground biomass (AGB) C stocks of soybean plantations and compared them to those of remnant native forests and rubber plantations; the latter is considered a priori as a cropping system with low impact on the C cycle. We found that the conversion of native forest to soybean plantation caused a 130.5 Mg C ha−1 loss, about threefold higher than the loss when forest is converted to rubber plantations, 48.5 Mg C ha−1. While 30-year old rubber plantations had recovered 84% of forest carbon stocks, all plantation types induced sustained losses of at least one-third of the original soil carbon. Fine root allocation changed sharply in the two crops following conversion, indicating an alteration in plant nutrient dynamics. Our results show that perennial and annual monocrops have very different impacts on the C cycle, which need to be accounted for in carbon-climate models as well as in public policies regulating land use in Amazonia. Our results show that while silviculture has the potential to restore most of the above-ground C stocks of previously forested areas, but neither silviculture nor conventional agriculture may ever restore Amazon soil C stocks once they become vulnerable and oxidized after deforestation. If such conversion-driven soil carbon losses were scaled across the Amazon they would induce a cumulative loss of more than 5 Pg in soil carbon by 2050.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bruelheidepmid30455437,

title = {Global trait-environment relationships of plant communities},

author = {Helge Bruelheide and Jürgen Dengler and Oliver Purschke and Jonathan Lenoir and Borja Jiménez-Alfaro and Stephan M Hennekens and Zoltán Botta-Dukát and Milan Chytrý and Richard Field and Florian Jansen and Jens Kattge and Valério D Pillar and Franziska Schrodt and Miguel D Mahecha and Robert K Peet and Brody Sandel and Peter van Bodegom and Jan Altman and Esteban Alvarez-Dávila and Mohammed A S Arfin Khan and Fabio Attorre and Isabelle Aubin and Christopher Baraloto and Jorcely G Barroso and Marijn Bauters and Erwin Bergmeier and Idoia Biurrun and Anne D Bjorkman and Benjamin Blonder and Andraž Čarni and Luis Cayuela and Tomáš Černý and J Hans C Cornelissen and Dylan Craven and Matteo Dainese and Géraldine Derroire and Michele De Sanctis and Sandra Díaz and Jiří Doležal and William Farfan-Rios and Ted R Feldpausch and Nicole J Fenton and Eric Garnier and Greg R Guerin and Alvaro G Gutiérrez and Sylvia Haider and Tarek Hattab and Greg Henry and Bruno Hérault and Pedro Higuchi and Norbert Hölzel and Jürgen Homeier and Anke Jentsch and Norbert Jürgens and Zygmunt Kącki and Dirk N Karger and Michael Kessler and Michael Kleyer and Ilona Knollová and Andrey Y Korolyuk and Ingolf Kühn and Daniel C Laughlin and Frederic Lens and Jacqueline Loos and Frédérique Louault and Mariyana I Lyubenova and Yadvinder Malhi and Corrado Marcenò and Maurizio Mencuccini and Jonas V Müller and Jérôme Munzinger and Isla H Myers-Smith and David A Neill and Ülo Niinemets and Kate H Orwin and Wim A Ozinga and Josep Penuelas and Aaron Pérez-Haase and Petr Petřík and Oliver L Phillips and Meelis Pärtel and Peter B Reich and Christine Römermann and Arthur V Rodrigues and Francesco Maria Sabatini and Jordi Sardans and Marco Schmidt and Gunnar Seidler and Javier Eduardo Silva Espejo and Marcos Silveira and Anita Smyth and Maria Sporbert and Jens-Christian Svenning and Zhiyao Tang and Raquel Thomas and Ioannis Tsiripidis and Kiril Vassilev and Cyrille Violle and Risto Virtanen and Evan Weiher and Erik Welk and Karsten Wesche and Marten Winter and Christian Wirth and Ute Jandt},

doi = {10.1038/s41559-018-0699-8},

issn = {2397-334X},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Nat Ecol Evol},

volume = {2},

number = {12},

pages = {1906--1917},

abstract = {Plant functional traits directly affect ecosystem functions. At the species level, trait combinations depend on trade-offs representing different ecological strategies, but at the community level trait combinations are expected to be decoupled from these trade-offs because different strategies can facilitate co-existence within communities. A key question is to what extent community-level trait composition is globally filtered and how well it is related to global versus local environmental drivers. Here, we perform a global, plot-level analysis of trait-environment relationships, using a database with more than 1.1 million vegetation plots and 26,632 plant species with trait information. Although we found a strong filtering of 17 functional traits, similar climate and soil conditions support communities differing greatly in mean trait values. The two main community trait axes that capture half of the global trait variation (plant stature and resource acquisitiveness) reflect the trade-offs at the species level but are weakly associated with climate and soil conditions at the global scale. Similarly, within-plot trait variation does not vary systematically with macro-environment. Our results indicate that, at fine spatial grain, macro-environmental drivers are much less important for functional trait composition than has been assumed from floristic analyses restricted to co-occurrence in large grid cells. Instead, trait combinations seem to be predominantly filtered by local-scale factors such as disturbance, fine-scale soil conditions, niche partitioning and biotic interactions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Draper2018-cl,

title = {Peatland forests are the least diverse tree communities documented in Amazonia, but contribute to high regional beta-diversity},

author = {Frederick C Draper and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Katherine H Roucoux and Ian T Lawson and Nigel C A. Pitman and Paul V A. Fine and Oliver L Phillips and Luis A Torres Montenegro and Elvis Valderrama Sandoval and Italo Mesones and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Fredy R Ramirez Arévalo and Timothy R Baker},

doi = {10.1111/ecog.03126},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-01},

urldate = {2018-08-01},

journal = {Ecography (Cop.)},

volume = {41},

number = {8},

pages = {1256--1269},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Elias2018-nx,

title = {Idiosyncratic soil-tree species associations and their relationships with drought in a monodominant Amazon forest},

author = {Fernando Elias and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Jean Carlos Budke and Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Paulo Sérgio Morandi and Simone Matias Reis and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1016/j.actao.2018.07.004},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-01},

urldate = {2018-08-01},

journal = {Äcta Oecol. (Montrouge)},

volume = {91},

pages = {127--136},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Monodominant forests are characterized by the strong influence of a single species on the structure and diversity of the community. In the tropics, monodominant forests are rare exceptions within the generally highly diverse tropical forest biome. Some studies have shown that tree monodominance may be a transient state caused by successional and demographic variation among species over time. Working in a Brosimum rubescens Taub. (Moraceae) monodominant forest at the southern edge of Amazonia, we tested the hypotheses that local-scale variation in intra- and interspecific spatial patterns of dominant tree species is affected by i) demographic rates of recruitment and mortality following severe droughts, ii) local variation in edaphic properties, and iii) occupation of species in the vertical layer of the forest. We quantified intra- and interspecific spatial patterns and edaphic associations of the five most abundant species using aggregation and association distance indices, and examined changes over time. We found some support for all hypotheses. Thus, intra- and interspecific spatial patterns of most species varied over time, principally after severe drought, emphasizing species-level variability and their interactions in sensitivity to this disturbance, even as B. rubescens monodominance was maintained. While positive and negative spatial associations with edaphic properties provide evidence of habitat specialization, the absence of negative spatial associations of B. rubescens with edaphic properties indicates that this species experiences little environmental restriction, and this may be one of the factors that explain its monodominance. Spatial repulsion and attraction between species in the same and in different vertical layers, respectively, indicates niche overlap and differentiation, while changes over time indicate that the relationships between species are dynamic and affected by drought disturbance.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gomes2018-ra,

title = {Species Distribution Modelling: Contrasting presence-only models with plot abundance data},

author = {Vitor H F Gomes and Stéphanie D IJff and Niels Raes and I^eda Le ao Amaral and Rafael P Salom ao and Luiz Souza Coelho and Francisca Dion'izia Almeida Matos and Carolina V Castilho and Diogenes Andrade Lima Filho and Dairon Cárdenas López and Juan Ernesto Guevara and William E Magnusson and Oliver L Phillips and Florian Wittmann and Marcelo Jesus Veiga Carim and Maria Pires Martins and Mariana Victória Irume and Daniel Sabatier and Jean-Franc cois Molino and Olaf S Bánki and José Renan aes and Nigel C A Pitman and Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Bruno Garcia Luize and Eduardo Martins Venticinque and Evlyn Márcia Moraes Novo and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Thiago Sanna Freire Silva and Angelo Gilberto Manzatto and John Terborgh and Neidiane Farias Costa Reis and Juan Carlos Montero and Katia Regina Casula and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben-Hur Marimon and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Ted R Feldpausch and Alvaro Duque and Charles Eugene Zartman and Nicolás Casta no Arboleda and Timothy J Killeen and Bonifacio Mostacedo and Rodolfo Vasquez and Jochen Schöngart and Rafael L Assis and Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros and Marcelo Fragomeni Simon and Ana Andrade and William F Laurance and José Lu'is Camargo and Layon O Demarchi and Susan G W Laurance and Emanuelle Sousa Farias and Henrique Eduardo Mendonc ca Nascimento and Juan David Cardenas Revilla and Adriano Quaresma and Flavia R C Costa and Ima Célia Guimar aes Vieira and Bruno Barc cante Ladvocat Cintra and Hernán Castellanos and Roel Brienen and Pablo R Stevenson and Yuri Feitosa and Joost F Duivenvoorden and Gerardo A Aymard C. and Hugo F Mogollón and Natalia Targhetta and James A Comiskey and Alberto Vicentini and Aline Lopes and Gabriel Damasco and Nállarett Dávila and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Carolina Levis and Juliana Schietti and Priscila Souza and Thaise Emilio and Alfonso Alonso and David Neill and Francisco Dallmeier and Leandro Valle Ferreira and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Daniel Praia and Dário Dantas Amaral and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Fernanda Coelho Souza and Kenneth Feeley and Luzmila Arroyo and Marcelo Petratti Pansonato and Rogerio Gribel and Boris Villa and Juan Carlos Licona and Paul V A Fine and Carlos Cerón and Chris Baraloto and Eliana M Jimenez and Juliana Stropp and Julien Engel and Marcos Silveira and Maria Cristina Pe nuela Mora and Pascal Petronelli and Paul Maas and Raquel Thomas-Caesar and Terry W Henkel and Doug Daly and Marcos R'ios Paredes and Tim R Baker and Alfredo Fuentes and Carlos A Peres and Jerome Chave and Jose Luis Marcelo Pena and Kyle G Dexter and Miles R Silman and Peter Møller Jørgensen and Toby Pennington and Anthony Di Fiore and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Juan Fernando Phillips and Gonzalo Rivas-Torres and Patricio Hildebrand and Tinde R Andel and Ademir R Ruschel and Adriana Prieto and Agust'in Rudas and Bruce Hoffman and César I A Vela and Edelcilio Marques Barbosa and Egleé L Zent and George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales and Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza and Ires Paula Andrade Miranda and Jean-Louis Guillaumet and Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto and Luiz Carlos Matos Bonates and Natalino Silva and Ricardo Zárate Gómez and Stanford Zent and Therany Gonzales and Vincent A Vos and Yadvinder Malhi and Alexandre A Oliveira and Angela Cano and Bianca Weiss Albuquerque and Corine Vriesendorp and Diego Felipe Correa and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Geertje Heijden and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and José Ferreira Ramos and Kenneth R Young and Maira Rocha and Marcelo Trindade Nascimento and Maria Natalia Uma na Medina and Milton Tirado and Ophelia Wang and Rodrigo Sierra and Armando Torres-Lezama and Casimiro Mendoza and Cid Ferreira and Cláudia Baider and Daniel Villarroel and Henrik Balslev and Italo Mesones and Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo and Luisa Fernanda Casas and Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui and Reynaldo Linares-Palomino and Roderick Zagt and Sasha Cárdenas and William Farfan-Rios and Adeilza Felipe Sampaio and Daniela Pauletto and Elvis H Valderrama Sandoval and Freddy Ramirez Arevalo and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Karina Garcia-Cabrera and Lionel Hernandez and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Miguel N Alexiades and Susamar Pansini and Walter Palacios Cuenca and William Milliken and Joana Ricardo and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Edwin Pos and Hans Steege},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-18927-1},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-12-01},

journal = {Sci. Rep.},

volume = {8},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Good2018-vl,

title = {Recent progress in understanding climate thresholds},

author = {Peter Good and Jonathan Bamber and Kate Halladay and Anna B Harper and Laura C Jackson and Gillian Kay and Bart Kruijt and Jason A Lowe and Oliver L Phillips and Jeff Ridley and Meric Srokosz and Carol Turley and Phillip Williamson},

doi = {10.1177/0309133317751843},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-02-01},

urldate = {2018-02-01},

journal = {Prog. Phys. Geogr.},

volume = {42},

number = {1},

pages = {24--60},

publisher = {SAGE Publications},

abstract = {This article reviews recent scientific progress, relating to four major systems that could exhibit threshold behaviour: ice sheets, the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), tropical forests and ecosystem responses to ocean acidification. The focus is on advances since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC AR5). The most significant developments in each component are identified by synthesizing input from multiple experts from each field. For ice sheets, some degree of irreversible loss (timescales of millennia) of part of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) may have already begun, but the rate and eventual magnitude of this irreversible loss is uncertain. The observed AMOC overturning has decreased from 2004--2014, but it is unclear at this stage whether this is forced or is internal variability. New evidence from experimental and natural droughts has given greater confidence that tropical forests are adversely affected by drought. The ecological and socio-economic impacts of ocean acidification are expected to greatly increase over the range from today's annual value of around 400, up to 650 ppm CO2 in the atmosphere (reached around 2070 under RCP8.5), with the rapid development of aragonite undersaturation at high latitudes affecting calcifying organisms. Tropical coral reefs are vulnerable to the interaction of ocean acidification and temperature rise, and the rapidity of those changes, with severe losses and risks to survival at 2 °C warming above pre-industrial levels. Across the four systems studied, however, quantitative evidence for a difference in risk between 1.5 and 2 °C warming above pre-industrial levels is limited.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{McDowellpmid29451313,

title = {Drivers and mechanisms of tree mortality in moist tropical forests},

author = {Nate McDowell and Craig D Allen and Kristina Anderson-Teixeira and Paulo Brando and Roel Brienen and Jeff Chambers and Brad Christoffersen and Stuart Davies and Chris Doughty and Alvaro Duque and Fernando Espirito-Santo and Rosie Fisher and Clarissa G Fontes and David Galbraith and Devin Goodsman and Charlotte Grossiord and Henrik Hartmann and Jennifer Holm and Daniel J Johnson and Abd Rahman Kassim and Michael Keller and Charlie Koven and Lara Kueppers and Tomo'omi Kumagai and Yadvinder Malhi and Sean M McMahon and Maurizio Mencuccini and Patrick Meir and Paul Moorcroft and Helene C Muller-Landau and Oliver L Phillips and Thomas Powell and Carlos A Sierra and John Sperry and Jeff Warren and Chonggang Xu and Xiangtao Xu},

doi = {10.1111/nph.15027},

issn = {1469-8137},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {New Phytol},

volume = {219},

number = {3},

pages = {851--869},

abstract = {Tree mortality rates appear to be increasing in moist tropical forests (MTFs) with significant carbon cycle consequences. Here, we review the state of knowledge regarding MTF tree mortality, create a conceptual framework with testable hypotheses regarding the drivers, mechanisms and interactions that may underlie increasing MTF mortality rates, and identify the next steps for improved understanding and reduced prediction. Increasing mortality rates are associated with rising temperature and vapor pressure deficit, liana abundance, drought, wind events, fire and, possibly, CO fertilization-induced increases in stand thinning or acceleration of trees reaching larger, more vulnerable heights. The majority of these mortality drivers may kill trees in part through carbon starvation and hydraulic failure. The relative importance of each driver is unknown. High species diversity may buffer MTFs against large-scale mortality events, but recent and expected trends in mortality drivers give reason for concern regarding increasing mortality within MTFs. Models of tropical tree mortality are advancing the representation of hydraulics, carbon and demography, but require more empirical knowledge regarding the most common drivers and their subsequent mechanisms. We outline critical datasets and model developments required to test hypotheses regarding the underlying causes of increasing MTF mortality rates, and improve prediction of future mortality under climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Morandi2018-mk,

title = {Tree diversity and above-ground biomass in the South America Cerrado biome and their conservation implications},

author = {Paulo S Morandi and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and James A Ratter and Ted R Feldpausch and Guarino Rinaldi Colli and Cássia Beatriz Rodrigues Munhoz and Manoel Cláudio Silva J'unior and Edson Souza Lima and Ricardo Flores Haidar and Luzmila Arroyo and Alejandro Araujo Murakami and Fabiana Góis Aquino and Bruno Machado Teles Walter and José Felipe Ribeiro and Renata Franc coso and Fernando Elias and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Simone Matias Reis and Bianca Oliveira and Eder Carvalho Neves and Denis Silva Nogueira and Herson Souza Lima and Tatiane Pires Carvalho and Silvo Alves Rodrigues and Daniel Villarroel and Jeanine M Felfili and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1007/s10531-018-1589-8},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-06-01},

urldate = {2018-06-01},

journal = {Biodivers. Conserv.},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Phillips2018,

title = {Rainforests and the Carbon Cycle, Recent Research in the Amazon},

author = {Phillips, OP and Esquivel Muelbert, A},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-04-02},

urldate = {2018-04-02},

journal = {Geography Review},

number = {4},

issue = {31},

pages = {22-25},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rammig2018-aj,

title = {A generic pixel-to-point comparison for simulated large-scale ecosystem properties and ground-based observations: an example from the Amazon region},

author = {Anja Rammig and Jens Heinke and Florian Hofhansl and Hans Verbeeck and Timothy R Baker and Bradley Christoffersen and Philippe Ciais and Hannes De Deurwaerder and Katrin Fleischer and David Galbraith and Matthieu Guimberteau and Andreas Huth and Michelle Johnson and Bart Krujit and Fanny Langerwisch and Patrick Meir and Phillip Papastefanou and Gilvan Sampaio and Kirsten Thonicke and Celso Randow and Christian Zang and Edna Rödig},

doi = {10.5194/gmd-11-5203-2018},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-12-01},

urldate = {2018-12-01},

journal = {Geosci. Model Dev.},

volume = {11},

number = {12},

pages = {5203--5215},

publisher = {Copernicus GmbH},

abstract = {Abstract. Comparing model output and observed data is an  important step for assessing model performance and quality of  simulation results. However, such comparisons are often hampered  by differences in spatial scales between local point  observations and large-scale simulations of grid cells or  pixels. In this study, we propose a generic approach for a  pixel-to-point comparison and provide statistical measures  accounting for the uncertainty resulting from landscape  variability and measurement errors in ecosystem variables. The  basic concept of our approach is to determine the statistical  properties of small-scale (within-pixel) variability and  observational errors, and to use this information to correct for  their effect when large-scale area averages (pixel) are compared  to small-scale point estimates. We demonstrate our approach by  comparing simulated values of aboveground biomass, woody  productivity (woody net primary productivity, NPP) and residence  time of woody biomass from four dynamic global vegetation models  (DGVMs) with measured inventory data from permanent plots in the  Amazon rainforest, a region with the typical problem of low data  availability, potential scale mismatch and thus high model  uncertainty. We find that the DGVMs under- and overestimate  aboveground biomass by 25 % and up to 60 %, respectively. Our  comparison metrics provide a quantitative measure for  model--data agreement and show moderate to good agreement with  the region-wide spatial biomass pattern detected by plot  observations. However, all four DGVMs overestimate woody  productivity and underestimate residence time of woody biomass  even when accounting for the large uncertainty range of the  observational data. This is because DGVMs do not represent the  relation between productivity and residence time of woody  biomass correctly. Thus, the DGVMs may simulate the correct  large-scale patterns of biomass but for the wrong reasons. We  conclude that more information about the underlying processes  driving biomass distribution are necessary to improve DGVMs. Our  approach provides robust statistical measures for any  pixel-to-point comparison, which is applicable for evaluation of  models and remote-sensing products.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Reis2018-zr,

title = {Climate and fragmentation affect forest structure at the southern border of Amazonia},

author = {Simone Matias Reis and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Paulo S Morandi and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Fernando Elias and Eder Carvalho das Neves and Bianca de Oliveira and Denis da Silva Nogueira and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and Ted R Feldpausch and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1080/17550874.2018.1455230},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Plant Ecol. Divers.},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {13--25},

publisher = {Informa UK Limited},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rifaipmid30297475,

title = {ENSO Drives interannual variation of forest woody growth across the tropics},

author = {Sami W Rifai and Cécile A J Girardin and Erika Berenguer and Jhon Del Aguila-Pasquel and Cecilia A L Dahlsjö and Christopher E Doughty and Kathryn J Jeffery and Sam Moore and Imma Oliveras and Terhi Riutta and Lucy M Rowland and Alejandro Araujo Murakami and Shalom D Addo-Danso and Paulo Brando and Chad Burton and Fidèle Evouna Ondo and Akwasi Duah-Gyamfi and Filio Farfán Amézquita and Renata Freitag and Fernando Hancco Pacha and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Forzia Ibrahim and Armel T Mbou and Vianet Mihindou Mihindou and Karine S Peixoto and Wanderley Rocha and Liana C Rossi and Marina Seixas and Javier E Silva-Espejo and Katharine A Abernethy and Stephen Adu-Bredu and Jos Barlow and Antonio C L da Costa and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben H Marimon-Junior and Patrick Meir and Daniel B Metcalfe and Oliver L Phillips and Lee J T White and Yadvinder Malhi},

doi = {10.1098/rstb.2017.0410},

issn = {1471-2970},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci},

volume = {373},

number = {1760},

abstract = {Meteorological extreme events such as El Niño events are expected to affect tropical forest net primary production (NPP) and woody growth, but there has been no large-scale empirical validation of this expectation. We collected a large high-temporal resolution dataset (for 1-13 years depending upon location) of more than 172 000 stem growth measurements using dendrometer bands from across 14 regions spanning Amazonia, Africa and Borneo in order to test how much month-to-month variation in stand-level woody growth of adult tree stems (NPP) can be explained by seasonal variation and interannual meteorological anomalies. A key finding is that woody growth responds differently to meteorological variation between tropical forests with a dry season (where monthly rainfall is less than 100 mm), and aseasonal wet forests lacking a consistent dry season. In seasonal tropical forests, a high degree of variation in woody growth can be predicted from seasonal variation in temperature, vapour pressure deficit, in addition to anomalies of soil water deficit and shortwave radiation. The variation of aseasonal wet forest woody growth is best predicted by the anomalies of vapour pressure deficit, water deficit and shortwave radiation. In total, we predict the total live woody production of the global tropical forest biome to be 2.16 Pg C yr, with an interannual range 1.96-2.26 Pg C yr between 1996-2016, and with the sharpest declines during the strong El Niño events of 1997/8 and 2015/6. There is high geographical variation in hotspots of El Niño-associated impacts, with weak impacts in Africa, and strongly negative impacts in parts of Southeast Asia and extensive regions across central and eastern Amazonia. Overall, there is high correlation ( = -0.75) between the annual anomaly of tropical forest woody growth and the annual mean of the El Niño 3.4 index, driven mainly by strong correlations with anomalies of soil water deficit, vapour pressure deficit and shortwave radiation.This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications'.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sullivan_pmid29938017,

title = {Field methods for sampling tree height for tropical forest biomass estimation},

author = {Martin J P Sullivan and Simon L Lewis and Wannes Hubau and Lan Qie and Timothy R Baker and Lindsay F Banin and Jerôme Chave and Aida Cuni-Sanchez and Ted R Feldpausch and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Eric Arets and Peter Ashton and Jean-François Bastin and Nicholas J Berry and Jan Bogaert and Rene Boot and Francis Q Brearley and Roel Brienen and David F R P Burslem and Charles de Canniere and Markéta Chudomelová and Martin Dančák and Corneille Ewango and Radim Hédl and Jon Lloyd and Jean-Remy Makana and Yadvinder Malhi and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Faizah Metali and Sam Moore and Laszlo Nagy and Percy Nuñez Vargas and Colin A Pendry and Hirma Ramírez-Angulo and Jan Reitsma and Ervan Rutishauser and Kamariah Abu Salim and Bonaventure Sonké and Rahayu S Sukri and Terry Sunderland and Martin Svátek and Peter M Umunay and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Ronald R E Vernimmen and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Jason Vleminckx and Vincent Vos and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/2041-210X.12962},

issn = {2041-210X},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-01},

urldate = {2018-05-01},

journal = {Methods Ecol Evol},

volume = {9},

number = {5},

pages = {1179--1189},

abstract = {Quantifying the relationship between tree diameter and height is a key component of efforts to estimate biomass and carbon stocks in tropical forests. Although substantial site-to-site variation in height-diameter allometries has been documented, the time consuming nature of measuring all tree heights in an inventory plot means that most studies do not include height, or else use generic pan-tropical or regional allometric equations to estimate height.Using a pan-tropical dataset of 73 plots where at least 150 trees had in-field ground-based height measurements, we examined how the number of trees sampled affects the performance of locally derived height-diameter allometries, and evaluated the performance of different methods for sampling trees for height measurement.Using cross-validation, we found that allometries constructed with just 20 locally measured values could often predict tree height with lower error than regional or climate-based allometries (mean reduction in prediction error = 0.46 m). The predictive performance of locally derived allometries improved with sample size, but with diminishing returns in performance gains when more than 40 trees were sampled. Estimates of stand-level biomass produced using local allometries to estimate tree height show no over- or under-estimation bias when compared with biomass estimates using field measured heights. We evaluated five strategies to sample trees for height measurement, and found that sampling strategies that included measuring the heights of the ten largest diameter trees in a plot outperformed (in terms of resulting in local height-diameter models with low height prediction error) entirely random or diameter size-class stratified approaches.Our results indicate that even limited sampling of heights can be used to refine height-diameter allometries. We recommend aiming for a conservative threshold of sampling 50 trees per location for height measurement, and including the ten trees with the largest diameter in this sample.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vilanova29927972,

title = {Environmental drivers of forest structure and stem turnover across Venezuelan tropical forests},

author = {Emilio Vilanova and Hirma Ramírez-Angulo and Armando Torres-Lezama and Gerardo Aymard and Luis Gámez and Cristabel Durán and Lionel Hernández and Rafael Herrera and Geertje van der Heijden and Oliver L Phillips and Gregory J Ettl},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0198489},

issn = {1932-6203},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {PLoS One},

volume = {13},

number = {6},

pages = {e0198489},

abstract = {Using data from 50 long-term permanent plots from across Venezuelan forests in northern South America, we explored large-scale patterns of stem turnover, aboveground biomass (AGB) and woody productivity (AGWP), and the relationships between them and with potential climatic drivers. We used principal component analysis coupled with generalized least squares models to analyze the relationship between climate, forest structure and stem dynamics. Two major axes associated with orthogonal temperature and moisture gradients effectively described more than 90% of the environmental variability in the dataset. Average turnover was 1.91 ± 0.10% year-1 with mortality and recruitment being almost identical, and close to average rates for other mature tropical forests. Turnover rates were significantly different among regions (p < 0.001), with the lowland forests in Western alluvial plains being the most dynamic, and Guiana Shield forests showing the lowest turnover rates. We found a weak positive relationship between AGB and AGWP, with Guiana Shield forests having the highest values for both variables (204.8 ± 14.3 Mg C ha-1 and 3.27 ± 0.27 Mg C ha-1 year-1 respectively), but AGB was much more strongly and negatively related to stem turnover. Our data suggest that moisture is a key driver of turnover, with longer dry seasons favoring greater rates of tree turnover and thus lower biomass, having important implications in the context of climate change, given the increases in drought frequency in many tropical forests. Regional variation in AGWP among Venezuelan forests strongly reflects the effects of climate, with greatest woody productivity where both precipitation and temperatures are high. Overall, forests in wet, low elevation sites and with slow turnover stored the greatest amounts of biomass. Although faster stand dynamics are closely associated with lower carbon storage, stem-level turnover rates and woody productivity did not show any correlation, indicating that stem dynamics and carbon dynamics are largely decoupled from one another.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Álvarez-Dávila_pmid28301482,

title = {Forest biomass density across large climate gradients in northern South America is related to water availability but not with temperature},

author = {Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and Luis Cayuela and Sebastián González-Caro and Ana M Aldana and Pablo R Stevenson and Oliver Phillips and Álvaro Cogollo and Maria C Peñuela and Patricio von Hildebrand and Eliana Jiménez and Omar Melo and Ana Catalina Londoño-Vega and Irina Mendoza and Oswaldo Velásquez and Fernando Fernández and Marcela Serna and Cesar Velázquez-Rua and Doris Benítez and José M Rey-Benayas},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0171072},

issn = {1932-6203},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {PLoS One},

volume = {12},

number = {3},

pages = {e0171072},

abstract = {Understanding and predicting the likely response of ecosystems to climate change are crucial challenges for ecology and for conservation biology. Nowhere is this challenge greater than in the tropics as these forests store more than half the total atmospheric carbon stock in their biomass. Biomass is determined by the balance between biomass inputs (i.e., growth) and outputs (mortality). We can expect therefore that conditions that favor high growth rates, such as abundant water supply, warmth, and nutrient-rich soils will tend to correlate with high biomass stocks. Our main objective is to describe the patterns of above ground biomass (AGB) stocks across major tropical forests across climatic gradients in Northwestern South America. We gathered data from 200 plots across the region, at elevations ranging between 0 to 3400 m. We estimated AGB based on allometric equations and values for stem density, basal area, and wood density weighted by basal area at the plot-level. We used two groups of climatic variables, namely mean annual temperature and actual evapotranspiration as surrogates of environmental energy, and annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality, and water availability as surrogates of water availability. We found that AGB is more closely related to water availability variables than to energy variables. In northwest South America, water availability influences carbon stocks principally by determining stand structure, i.e. basal area. When water deficits increase in tropical forests we can expect negative impact on biomass and hence carbon storage.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baharpmid27389684,

title = {Leaf-level photosynthetic capacity in lowland Amazonian and high-elevation Andean tropical moist forests of Peru},

author = {Nur H A Bahar and F Yoko Ishida and Lasantha K Weerasinghe and Rossella Guerrieri and Odhran S O'Sullivan and Keith J Bloomfield and Gregory P Asner and Roberta E Martin and Jon Lloyd and Yadvinder Malhi and Oliver L Phillips and Patrick Meir and Norma Salinas and Eric G Cosio and Tomas F Domingues and Carlos A Quesada and Felipe Sinca and Alberto Escudero Vega and Paola P Zuloaga Ccorimanya and Jhon Del Aguila-Pasquel and Katherine Quispe Huaypar and Israel Cuba Torres and Rosalbina Butrón Loayza and Yulina Pelaez Tapia and Judit Huaman Ovalle and Benedict M Long and John R Evans and Owen K Atkin},

doi = {10.1111/nph.14079},

issn = {1469-8137},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-05-01},

urldate = {2017-05-01},

journal = {New Phytol},

volume = {214},

number = {3},

pages = {1002--1018},

abstract = {We examined whether variations in photosynthetic capacity are linked to variations in the environment and/or associated leaf traits for tropical moist forests (TMFs) in the Andes/western Amazon regions of Peru. We compared photosynthetic capacity (maximal rate of carboxylation of Rubisco (V ), and the maximum rate of electron transport (J )), leaf mass, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) per unit leaf area (M , N and P , respectively), and chlorophyll from 210 species at 18 field sites along a 3300-m elevation gradient. Western blots were used to quantify the abundance of the CO -fixing enzyme Rubisco. Area- and N-based rates of photosynthetic capacity at 25°C were higher in upland than lowland TMFs, underpinned by greater investment of N in photosynthesis in high-elevation trees. Soil [P] and leaf P were key explanatory factors for models of area-based V and J but did not account for variations in photosynthetic N-use efficiency. At any given N and P , the fraction of N allocated to photosynthesis was higher in upland than lowland species. For a small subset of lowland TMF trees examined, a substantial fraction of Rubisco was inactive. These results highlight the importance of soil- and leaf-P in defining the photosynthetic capacity of TMFs, with variations in N allocation and Rubisco activation state further influencing photosynthetic rates and N-use efficiency of these critically important forests.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baker_pmid28214038,

title = {Maximising Synergy among Tropical Plant Systematists, Ecologists, and Evolutionary Biologists},

author = {Timothy R Baker and R Toby Pennington and Kyle G Dexter and Paul V A Fine and Helen Fortune-Hopkins and Euridice N Honorio and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Bente B Klitgård and Gwilym P Lewis and Haroldo C de Lima and Peter Ashton and Christopher Baraloto and Stuart Davies and Michael J Donoghue and Maria Kaye and W John Kress and Caroline E R Lehmann and Abel Monteagudo and Oliver L Phillips and Rodolfo Vasquez},

doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2017.01.007},

issn = {1872-8383},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Trends Ecol Evol},

volume = {32},

number = {4},

pages = {258--267},

abstract = {Closer collaboration among ecologists, systematists, and evolutionary biologists working in tropical forests, centred on studies within long-term permanent plots, would be highly beneficial for their respective fields. With a key unifying theme of the importance of vouchered collection and precise identification of species, especially rare ones, we identify four priority areas where improving links between these communities could achieve significant progress in biodiversity and conservation science: (i) increasing the pace of species discovery; (ii) documenting species turnover across space and time; (iii) improving models of ecosystem change; and (iv) understanding the evolutionary assembly of communities and biomes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{David-Higuita2017-qx,

title = {Riqueza total de especies de plantas vasculares en un bosque andino de la Cordillera central de Colombia},

author = {Heriberto David-Higuita and Esteban Alvarez-Dávila},

doi = {10.15517/rbt.v66i1.27548},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-01},

urldate = {2017-12-01},

journal = {Rev. Biol. Trop.},

volume = {66},

number = {1},

pages = {227},

publisher = {Üniversidad de Costa Rica},

abstract = {Studies of plant diversity in tropical forests are usually restricted to trees or other groups of woody plants above a certain stem diameter. However, surveys that include all forms of live plants with no restrictions on their sizes, clearly indicate that non-woody plants are equally important. In this study, we reported the total species richness of vascular plants species (TSR) in one hectare plot in an Andean forest in Northwestern Colombia (6º 12' 48'' N & 75º 29' 32'' W). We evaluated the relative contribution of the different growth habits and the effect of the plant size, to TSR. We measured all individuals with diameter (D) $geq$ 5 cm in the hectare and all the vascular plants of all sizes, including epiphytes, in a subsample of 0.25 ha. A total of 14 545 individuals distributed in 318 species, 72 families (considering Pteridophyta as one group) and 171 genera were registered. Most of the species showed a (D)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Esquivel-Muelbert2017-vb,

title = {Seasonal drought limits tree species across the Neotropics},

author = {Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Timothy R Baker and Kyle G Dexter and Simon L Lewis and Hans Steege and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Roel Brienen and Ted R Feldpausch and Nigel Pitman and Alfonso Alonso and Geertje Heijden and Marielos Pe na-Claros and Manuel Ahuite and Miguel Alexiaides and Esteban Álvarez Dávila and Alejandro Araujo Murakami and Luzmila Arroyo and Milton Aulestia and Henrik Balslev and Jorcely Barroso and Rene Boot and Angela Cano and Victor Chama Moscoso and James A Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo and Francisco Dallmeier and Douglas C Daly and Nallarett Dávila and Joost F Duivenvoorden and Alvaro Javier Duque Montoya and Terry Erwin and Anthony Di Fiore and Todd Fredericksen and Alfredo Fuentes and Roosevelt Garc'ia-Villacorta and Therany Gonzales and Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Rojas Eliana Maria Jiménez and Timothy J Killeen and Yadvinder Malhi and Casimiro Mendoza and Hugo Mogollón and Peter Møller Jørgensen and Juan Carlos Montero and Bonifacio Mostacedo and William Nauray and David Neill and Percy N'u nez Vargas and Sonia Palacios and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Nadir Carolina Pallqui Camacho and Julie Peacock and Juan Fernando Phillips and Georgia Pickavance and Carlos Alberto Quesada and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Zorayda Restrepo and Carlos Reynel Rodriguez and Marcos R'ios Paredes and Maria Cristina Pe nuela-Mora and Rodrigo Sierra and Marcos Silveira and Pablo Stevenson and Juliana Stropp and John Terborgh and Milton Tirado and Marisol Toledo and Armando Torres-Lezama and Mar'ia Natalia Uma na and Ligia Estela Urrego and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and César I A Vela and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Vincent Vos and Patricio Hildebrand and Corine Vriesendorp and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth R Young and Charles Eugene Zartman and Oliver L Phillips},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Muelbert-et-al-2016-Seasonal-drought-limits-tree-species-across-the-Neotropics-ecog1904.pdf},

doi = {10.1111/ecog.01904},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-05-01},

urldate = {2017-05-01},

journal = {Ecography (Cop.)},

volume = {40},

number = {5},

pages = {618--629},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Within the tropics, the species richness of tree communities is strongly and positively associated with precipitation. Previous research has suggested that this macroecological pattern is driven by the negative effect of water-stress on the physiological processes of most tree species. This process implies that the range limits of taxa are defined by their ability to occur under dry conditions, and thus in terms of species distributions it predicts a nested pattern of taxa distribution from wet to dry areas. However, this `dry-tolerance' hypothesis has yet to be adequately tested at large spatial and taxonomic scales. Here, using a dataset of 531 inventory plots of closed canopy forest distributed across the Western Neotropics we investigated how precipitation, evaluated both as mean annual precipitation and as the maximum climatological water deficit, influences the distribution of tropical tree species, genera and families. We find that the distributions of tree taxa are indeed nested along precipitation gradients in the western Neotropics. Taxa tolerant to seasonal drought are disproportionally widespread across the precipitation gradient, with most reaching even the wettest climates sampled; however, most taxa analysed are restricted to wet areas. Our results suggest that the `dry tolerance' hypothesis has broad applicability in the world's most species-rich forests. In addition, the large number of species restricted to wetter conditions strongly indicates that an increased frequency of drought could severely threaten biodiversity in this region. Overall, this study establishes a baseline for exploring how tropical forest tree composition may change in response to current and future environmental changes in this region.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Esquivel-Muelbertpmid28827613,

title = {Biogeographic distributions of neotropical trees reflect their directly measured drought tolerances},

author = {Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and David Galbraith and Kyle G Dexter and Timothy R Baker and Simon L Lewis and Patrick Meir and Lucy Rowland and Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa and Daniel Nepstad and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-08105-8},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {7},

number = {1},

pages = {8334},

abstract = {High levels of species diversity hamper current understanding of how tropical forests may respond to environmental change. In the tropics, water availability is a leading driver of the diversity and distribution of tree species, suggesting that many tropical taxa may be physiologically incapable of tolerating dry conditions, and that their distributions along moisture gradients can be used to predict their drought tolerance. While this hypothesis has been explored at local and regional scales, large continental-scale tests are lacking. We investigate whether the relationship between drought-induced mortality and distributions holds continentally by relating experimental and observational data of drought-induced mortality across the Neotropics to the large-scale bioclimatic distributions of 115 tree genera. Across the different experiments, genera affiliated to wetter climatic regimes show higher drought-induced mortality than dry-affiliated ones, even after controlling for phylogenetic relationships. This pattern is stronger for adult trees than for saplings or seedlings, suggesting that the environmental filters exerted by drought impact adult tree survival most strongly. Overall, our analysis of experimental, observational, and bioclimatic data across neotropical forests suggests that increasing moisture-stress is indeed likely to drive significant changes in floristic composition.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fyllaspmid28464375,

title = {Solar radiation and functional traits explain the decline of forest primary productivity along a tropical elevation gradient},

author = {Nikolaos M Fyllas and Lisa Patrick Bentley and Alexander Shenkin and Gregory P Asner and Owen K Atkin and Sandra Díaz and Brian J Enquist and William Farfan-Rios and Emanuel Gloor and Rossella Guerrieri and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Yoko Ishida and Roberta E Martin and Patrick Meir and Oliver Phillips and Norma Salinas and Miles Silman and Lasantha K Weerasinghe and Joana Zaragoza-Castells and Yadvinder Malhi},

doi = {10.1111/ele.12771},

issn = {1461-0248},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-05-02},

urldate = {2017-05-02},

journal = {Ecology Letters},

volume = {20},

issue = {6},

pages = {730--740},

abstract = {One of the major challenges in ecology is to understand how ecosystems respond to changes in environmental conditions, and how taxonomic and functional diversity mediate these changes. In this study, we use a trait-spectra and individual-based model, to analyse variation in forest primary productivity along a 3.3 km elevation gradient in the Amazon-Andes. The model accurately predicted the magnitude and trends in forest productivity with elevation, with solar radiation and plant functional traits (leaf dry mass per area, leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, and wood density) collectively accounting for productivity variation. Remarkably, explicit representation of temperature variation with elevation was not required to achieve accurate predictions of forest productivity, as trait variation driven by species turnover appears to capture the effect of temperature. Our semi-mechanistic model suggests that spatial variation in traits can potentially be used to estimate spatial variation in productivity at the landscape scale.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Koele2017-zl,

title = {Amazon Basin forest pyrogenic carbon stocks: First estimate of deep storage},

author = {Nina Koele and Michael Bird and Jordahna Haig and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Oliver L Phillips and Edmar A Oliveira and C A Quesada and Ted R Feldpausch},

doi = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.07.029},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-11-01},

urldate = {2017-11-01},

journal = {Geoderma},

volume = {306},

pages = {237--243},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Amazon Basin forest soils contain considerable soil organic carbon stocks; however, the contribution of soil pyrogenic carbon (PyC) to the total is unknown. PyC is derived from local fires (historical and modern) and external inputs via aeolian deposition. To establish an initial estimate of PyC stocks in non-terra preta forest with no known history of fire, to assess site and vertical variability, as well as to determine optimal sampling design, we sampled 37 one hectare forest plots in the Amazon Basin and analysed PyC via hydrogen pyrolysis of three individual samples per plot and of bulked samples to 200 cm depth. Using our data and published total organic carbon stocks, we present the first field-based estimate of total PyC stock for the Amazon Basin of 1.10 Pg over 0--30 cm soil depth, and 2.76 Pg over 0--100 cm soil depth. This is up to 20 times higher than previously assumed. Three individual samples per 1 ha are sufficient to capture the site variability of PyC in our plots. PyC showed significant, large-scale variability among plots. To capture 50% of the PyC in 200 cm soil profiles, soil must be sampled to a depth of at least 71 cm. PyC represents a significant (11%) portion of total organic carbon in soil profiles 0--200 cm depth. This finding highlights the potentially important role that historical fire has played in modifying soil C stocks. Our data suggest that PyC is an important carbon pool for long-term storage, involved in millennial scale biogeochemical cycling, particularly in the subsurface soil.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Levis_pmid28254935,

title = {Persistent effects of pre-Columbian plant domestication on Amazonian forest composition},

author = {C Levis and F R C Costa and F Bongers and M Peña-Claros and C R Clement and A B Junqueira and E G Neves and E K Tamanaha and F O G Figueiredo and R P Salomão and C V Castilho and W E Magnusson and O L Phillips and J E Guevara and D Sabatier and J-F Molino and D Cárdenas López and A M Mendoza and N C A Pitman and A Duque and P Núñez Vargas and C E Zartman and R Vasquez and A Andrade and J L Camargo and T R Feldpausch and S G W Laurance and W F Laurance and T J Killeen and H E Mendonça Nascimento and J C Montero and B Mostacedo and I L Amaral and I C Guimarães Vieira and R Brienen and H Castellanos and J Terborgh and M de Jesus Veiga Carim and J R da Silva Guimarães and L de Souza Coelho and F D de Almeida Matos and F Wittmann and H F Mogollón and G Damasco and N Dávila and R García-Villacorta and E N H Coronado and T Emilio and D de Andrade Lima Filho and J Schietti and P Souza and N Targhetta and J A Comiskey and B S Marimon and B-H Marimon and D Neill and A Alonso and L Arroyo and F A Carvalho and F C de Souza and F Dallmeier and M P Pansonato and J F Duivenvoorden and P V A Fine and P R Stevenson and A Araujo-Murakami and G A Aymard C and C Baraloto and D D do Amaral and J Engel and T W Henkel and P Maas and P Petronelli and J D Cardenas Revilla and J Stropp and D Daly and R Gribel and M Ríos Paredes and M Silveira and R Thomas-Caesar and T R Baker and N F da Silva and L V Ferreira and C A Peres and M R Silman and C Cerón and F C Valverde and A Di Fiore and E M Jimenez and M C Peñuela Mora and M Toledo and E M Barbosa and L C de Matos Bonates and N C Arboleda and E de Sousa Farias and A Fuentes and J-L Guillaumet and P Møller Jørgensen and Y Malhi and I P de Andrade Miranda and J F Phillips and A Prieto and A Rudas and A R Ruschel and N Silva and P von Hildebrand and V A Vos and E L Zent and S Zent and B B L Cintra and M T Nascimento and A A Oliveira and H Ramirez-Angulo and J F Ramos and G Rivas and J Schöngart and R Sierra and M Tirado and G van der Heijden and E V Torre and O Wang and K R Young and C Baider and A Cano and W Farfan-Rios and C Ferreira and B Hoffman and C Mendoza and I Mesones and A Torres-Lezama and M N U Medina and T R van Andel and D Villarroel and R Zagt and M N Alexiades and H Balslev and K Garcia-Cabrera and T Gonzales and L Hernandez and I Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and A G Manzatto and W Milliken and W P Cuenca and S Pansini and D Pauletto and F R Arevalo and N F Costa Reis and A F Sampaio and L E Urrego Giraldo and E H Valderrama Sandoval and L Valenzuela Gamarra and C I A Vela and H Ter Steege},

doi = {10.1126/science.aal0157},

issn = {1095-9203},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Science},

volume = {355},

number = {6328},

pages = {925--931},

abstract = {The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We performed a basin-wide analysis of pre-Columbian impacts on Amazonian forests by overlaying known archaeological sites in Amazonia with the distributions and abundances of 85 woody species domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples. Domesticated species are five times more likely than nondomesticated species to be hyperdominant. Across the basin, the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species increase in forests on and around archaeological sites. In southwestern and eastern Amazonia, distance to archaeological sites strongly influences the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species. Our analyses indicate that modern tree communities in Amazonia are structured to an important extent by a long history of plant domestication by Amazonian peoples.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Malhipmid27768811,

title = {The variation of productivity and its allocation along a tropical elevation gradient: a whole carbon budget perspective},

author = {Yadvinder Malhi and Cécile A J Girardin and Gregory R Goldsmith and Christopher E Doughty and Norma Salinas and Daniel B Metcalfe and Walter Huaraca Huasco and Javier E Silva-Espejo and Jhon Del Aguilla-Pasquell and Filio Farfán Amézquita and Luiz E O C Aragão and Rossella Guerrieri and Françoise Yoko Ishida and Nur H A Bahar and William Farfan-Rios and Oliver L Phillips and Patrick Meir and Miles Silman},

doi = {10.1111/nph.14189},

issn = {1469-8137},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-05-01},

urldate = {2017-05-01},

journal = {New Phytol},

volume = {214},

number = {3},

pages = {1019--1032},

abstract = {Why do forest productivity and biomass decline with elevation? To address this question, research to date generally has focused on correlative approaches describing changes in woody growth and biomass with elevation. We present a novel, mechanistic approach to this question by quantifying the autotrophic carbon budget in 16 forest plots along a 3300 m elevation transect in Peru. Low growth rates at high elevations appear primarily driven by low gross primary productivity (GPP), with little shift in either carbon use efficiency (CUE) or allocation of net primary productivity (NPP) between wood, fine roots and canopy. The lack of trend in CUE implies that the proportion of photosynthate allocated to autotrophic respiration is not sensitive to temperature. Rather than a gradual linear decline in productivity, there is some limited but nonconclusive evidence of a sharp transition in NPP between submontane and montane forests, which may be caused by cloud immersion effects within the cloud forest zone. Leaf-level photosynthetic parameters do not decline with elevation, implying that nutrient limitation does not restrict photosynthesis at high elevations. Our data demonstrate the potential of whole carbon budget perspectives to provide a deeper understanding of controls on ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Massi2017-rh,

title = {Does soil pyrogenic carbon determine plant functional traits in Amazon Basin forests?},

author = {Klécia G Massi and Michael Bird and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Jr Marimon and Denis S Nogueira and Edmar A Oliveira and Oliver L Phillips and Carlos A Quesada and Ana S Andrade and Roel J W Brienen and José L C Camargo and Jerome Chave and Eur'idice N Honorio Coronado and Leandro V Ferreira and Niro Higuchi and Susan G Laurance and William F Laurance and Thomas Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Rodolfo V Mart'inez and Abel Monteagudo and David Neill and Adriana Prieto and Hirma Ram'irez-Angulo and Hans Steege and Emilio Vilanova and Ted R Feldpausch},

doi = {10.1007/s11258-017-0751-9},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-01},

urldate = {2017-09-01},

journal = {Plant Ecol.},

volume = {218},

number = {9},

pages = {1047--1062},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Montes-Pulido2017-vk,

title = {Tipos funcionales de plantas como estimadores de carbono en bosque seco del Caribe colombiano},

author = {Carmen Rosa Montes-Pulido and Ángela Parrado-Rosselli and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila},

doi = {10.1016/j.rmb.2017.01.006},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-03-01},

urldate = {2017-03-01},

journal = {Rev. Mex. Biodivers.},

volume = {88},

number = {1},

pages = {241--249},

publisher = {Üniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Paky_Barbosa2017-pb,

title = {CONTENIDO DE CARBONO EN UN BOSQUE DE TIERRA FIRME DEL RESGUARDO NONUYA-VILLAZUL, AMAZONIA COLOMBIANA},

author = {Edwin Paky-Barbosa and Fabian Moreno and Ana Catalina Lond no-Vega and Esteban Alvarez-Dávila},

doi = {10.14483/udistrital.jour.colomb.for.2017.2.a04},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-06-01},

urldate = {2017-06-01},

journal = {Colomb. For.},

volume = {20},

number = {2},

pages = {144},

publisher = {Üniversidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas},

abstract = {La implementación de los programas REDD+ requiere estimaciones precisas del carbono forestal. En este estudio se reporta el contenido de carbono en un bosque de tierra firme del resguardo Villazul-Nonuya RVN de la Amazonia colombiana, con base en una parcela permanente de 6 ha. Se eval'ua su variación espacial y la contribución del sotobosque, dos factores poco considerados. Se encontró una biomasa promedio total de 336.1$pm$14.0 t.ha-1; el 11.5% se encuentra en el sotobosque (DAP 1-10 cm) y el 88.5% corresponde a árboles con DAP $geq$ 10 cm; los árboles grandes (DAP $geq$ 70 cm) son pocos (4 $pm$1 por ha) y tienen una baja contribución a la biomasa (6.8%) en comparación con otros bosques tropicales. La biomasa promedio estimada está dentro del rango reportado para toda la cuenca Amazónica, es superior a la Amazonia Occidental y similar al de Amazonia colombiana. Considerando que el resguardo VN tiene 208 800 ha en bosques de tierra firme, se estimó un promedio total de 31.0 Mt C (95% IC 29.1-32.04). Estos resultados permiten ubicar a los bosques del resguardo VN en un contexto global y mejorar la precisión de las estimaciones de carbono forestal en la Amazonia colombiana.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Phillipspmid28413845,

title = {Carbon uptake by mature Amazon forests has mitigated Amazon nations' carbon emissions},

author = {Oliver L Phillips and Roel J W Brienen},

doi = {10.1186/s13021-016-0069-2},

issn = {1750-0680},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-01},

urldate = {2017-12-01},

journal = {Carbon Balance Manag},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

pages = {1},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Several independent lines of evidence suggest that Amazon forests have provided a significant carbon sink service, and also that the Amazon carbon sink in intact, mature forests may now be threatened as a result of different processes. There has however been no work done to quantify non-land-use-change forest carbon fluxes on a national basis within Amazonia, or to place these national fluxes and their possible changes in the context of the major anthropogenic carbon fluxes in the region. Here we present a first attempt to interpret results from ground-based monitoring of mature forest carbon fluxes in a biogeographically, politically, and temporally differentiated way. Specifically, using results from a large long-term network of forest plots, we estimate the Amazon biomass carbon balance over the last three decades for the different regions and nine nations of Amazonia, and evaluate the magnitude and trajectory of these differentiated balances in relation to major national anthropogenic carbon emissions.



RESULTS: The sink of carbon into mature forests has been remarkably geographically ubiquitous across Amazonia, being substantial and persistent in each of the five biogeographic regions within Amazonia. Between 1980 and 2010, it has more than mitigated the fossil fuel emissions of every single national economy, except that of Venezuela. For most nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname) the sink has probably additionally mitigated all anthropogenic carbon emissions due to Amazon deforestation and other land use change. While the sink has weakened in some regions since 2000, our analysis suggests that Amazon nations which are able to conserve large areas of natural and semi-natural landscape still contribute globally-significant carbon sequestration.



CONCLUSIONS: Mature forests across all of Amazonia have contributed significantly to mitigating climate change for decades. Yet Amazon nations have not directly benefited from providing this global scale ecosystem service. We suggest that better monitoring and reporting of the carbon fluxes within mature forests, and understanding the drivers of changes in their balance, must become national, as well as international, priorities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Qie_pmid29259276,

title = {Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edge effects},

author = {Lan Qie and Simon L Lewis and Martin J P Sullivan and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Georgia C Pickavance and Terry Sunderland and Peter Ashton and Wannes Hubau and Kamariah Abu Salim and Shin-Ichiro Aiba and Lindsay F Banin and Nicholas Berry and Francis Q Brearley and David F R P Burslem and Martin Dančák and Stuart J Davies and Gabriella Fredriksson and Keith C Hamer and Radim Hédl and Lip Khoon Kho and Kanehiro Kitayama and Haruni Krisnawati and Stanislav Lhota and Yadvinder Malhi and Colin Maycock and Faizah Metali and Edi Mirmanto and Laszlo Nagy and Reuben Nilus and Robert Ong and Colin A Pendry and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and Richard B Primack and Ervan Rutishauser and Ismayadi Samsoedin and Bernaulus Saragih and Plinio Sist and J W Ferry Slik and Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri and Martin Svátek and Sylvester Tan and Aiyen Tjoa and Mark van Nieuwstadt and Ronald R E Vernimmen and Ishak Yassir and Petra Susan Kidd and Muhammad Fitriadi and Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris and Rafizah Mat Serudin and Layla Syaznie Abdullah Lim and Muhammad Shahruney Saparudin and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-01997-0},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {8},

number = {1},

pages = {1966},

abstract = {Less than half of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions remain in the atmosphere. While carbon balance models imply large carbon uptake in tropical forests, direct on-the-ground observations are still lacking in Southeast Asia. Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha per year (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) above-ground live biomass. These results closely match those from African and Amazonian plot networks, suggesting that the world's remaining intact tropical forests are now en masse out-of-equilibrium. Although both pan-tropical and long-term, the sink in remaining intact forests appears vulnerable to climate and land use changes. Across Borneo the 1997-1998 El Niño drought temporarily halted the carbon sink by increasing tree mortality, while fragmentation persistently offset the sink and turned many edge-affected forests into a carbon source to the atmosphere.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rowlandpmid27159833,

title = {Scaling leaf respiration with nitrogen and phosphorus in tropical forests across two continents},

author = {Lucy Rowland and Joana Zaragoza-Castells and Keith J Bloomfield and Matthew H Turnbull and Damien Bonal and Benoit Burban and Norma Salinas and Eric Cosio and Daniel J Metcalfe and Andrew Ford and Oliver L Phillips and Owen K Atkin and Patrick Meir},

doi = {10.1111/nph.13992},

issn = {1469-8137},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-05-01},

urldate = {2017-05-01},

journal = {New Phytol},

volume = {214},

number = {3},

pages = {1064--1077},

abstract = {Leaf dark respiration (R ) represents an important component controlling the carbon balance in tropical forests. Here, we test how nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) affect R and its relationship with photosynthesis using three widely separated tropical forests which differ in soil fertility. R was measured on 431 rainforest canopy trees, from 182 species, in French Guiana, Peru and Australia. The variation in R was examined in relation to leaf N and P content, leaf structure and maximum photosynthetic rates at ambient and saturating atmospheric CO concentration. We found that the site with the lowest fertility (French Guiana) exhibited greater rates of R per unit leaf N, P and photosynthesis. The data from Australia, for which there were no phylogenetic overlaps with the samples from the South American sites, yielded the most distinct relationships of R with the measured leaf traits. Our data indicate that no single universal scaling relationship accounts for variation in R across this large biogeographical space. Variability between sites in the absolute rates of R and the R  : photosynthesis ratio were driven by variations in N- and P-use efficiency, which were related to both taxonomic and environmental variability.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sierra2017-ll,

title = {Monitoring ecological change during rapid socio-economic and political transitions: Colombian ecosystems in the post-conflict era},

author = {Carlos A Sierra and Miguel Mahecha and Germán Poveda and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and V'ictor H Gutierrez-Velez and Björn Reu and Hannes Feilhauer and Jes'us Anáya and Dolors Armenteras and Ana M Benavides and Corina Buendia and Álvaro Duque and Lina M Estupi nan-Suarez and Catalina González and Sebastián Gonzalez-Caro and Rodrigo Jimenez and Guido Kraemer and Maria C Londo no and Sergio A Orrego and Juan M Posada and Daniel Ruiz-Carrascal and Sandra Skowronek},

doi = {10.1016/j.envsci.2017.06.011},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-01},

urldate = {2017-10-01},

journal = {Environ. Sci. Policy},

volume = {76},

pages = {40--49},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {After more than 50-years of armed conflict, Colombia is now transitioning to a more stable social and political climate due to a series of peace agreements between the government and different armed groups. Consequences of these socio-economic and political changes on ecosystems are largely uncertain, but there is growing concern about derived increases in environmental degradation. Here, we review the capacity of Colombia to monitor the state of its ecosystems and their rate of change over time. We found several important programs currently set in place by different institutions as well as by independent groups of scientists that address different aspects of environmental monitoring. However, most of the current initiatives could be improved in terms of data coverage, quality and access, and could be better articulated among each other. We propose a set of activities that would increase the capacity of Colombia to monitor its ecosystems, provide useful information to policy makers, and facilitate scientific research. These include: 1) the establishment of a national center for ecological synthesis that focuses on analyzing existing information; 2) the establishment of an ecological observatory system that collects new information, integrates remote sensing products, and produces near real-time products on key ecological variables; and 3) the creation of new platforms for dialog and action within existing scientific and policy groups.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sullivanpmid28094794,

title = {Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome},

author = {Martin J P Sullivan and Joey Talbot and Simon L Lewis and Oliver L Phillips and Lan Qie and Serge K Begne and Jerôme Chave and Aida Cuni-Sanchez and Wannes Hubau and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Lera Miles and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Bonaventure Sonké and Terry Sunderland and Hans Ter Steege and Lee J T White and Kofi Affum-Baffoe and Shin-Ichiro Aiba and Everton Cristo de Almeida and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Patricia Alvarez-Loayza and Esteban Álvarez Dávila and Ana Andrade and Luiz E O C Aragão and Peter Ashton and Gerardo A Aymard C and Timothy R Baker and Michael Balinga and Lindsay F Banin and Christopher Baraloto and Jean-Francois Bastin and Nicholas Berry and Jan Bogaert and Damien Bonal and Frans Bongers and Roel Brienen and José Luís C Camargo and Carlos Cerón and Victor Chama Moscoso and Eric Chezeaux and Connie J Clark and Álvaro Cogollo Pacheco and James A Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Greta Dargie and Stuart J Davies and Charles De Canniere and Marie Noel Djuikouo K and Jean-Louis Doucet and Terry L Erwin and Javier Silva Espejo and Corneille E N Ewango and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Rafael Herrera and Martin Gilpin and Emanuel Gloor and Jefferson S Hall and David J Harris and Terese B Hart and Kuswata Kartawinata and Lip Khoon Kho and Kanehiro Kitayama and Susan G W Laurance and William F Laurance and Miguel E Leal and Thomas Lovejoy and Jon C Lovett and Faustin Mpanya Lukasu and Jean-Remy Makana and Yadvinder Malhi and Leandro Maracahipes and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Andrew R Marshall and Paulo S Morandi and John Tshibamba Mukendi and Jaques Mukinzi and Reuben Nilus and Percy Núñez Vargas and Nadir C Pallqui Camacho and Guido Pardo and Marielos Peña-Claros and Pascal Pétronelli and Georgia C Pickavance and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and John R Poulsen and Richard B Primack and Hari Priyadi and Carlos A Quesada and Jan Reitsma and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Zorayda Restrepo and Ervan Rutishauser and Kamariah Abu Salim and Rafael P Salomão and Ismayadi Samsoedin and Douglas Sheil and Rodrigo Sierra and Marcos Silveira and J W Ferry Slik and Lisa Steel and Hermann Taedoumg and Sylvester Tan and John W Terborgh and Sean C Thomas and Marisol Toledo and Peter M Umunay and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira and Vincent A Vos and Ophelia Wang and Simon Willcock and Lise Zemagho},

doi = {10.1038/srep39102},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {7},

pages = {39102},

abstract = {Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed to achieve these two functions depend critically on the tropical forest tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due to the scarcity of inventories where carbon stocks in aboveground biomass and species identifications have been simultaneously and robustly quantified. Here, we compile a unique pan-tropical dataset of 360 plots located in structurally intact old-growth closed-canopy forest, surveyed using standardised methods, allowing a multi-scale evaluation of diversity-carbon relationships in tropical forests. Diversity-carbon relationships among all plots at 1 ha scale across the tropics are absent, and within continents are either weak (Asia) or absent (Amazonia, Africa). A weak positive relationship is detectable within 1 ha plots, indicating that diversity effects in tropical forests may be scale dependent. The absence of clear diversity-carbon relationships at scales relevant to conservation planning means that carbon-centred conservation strategies will inevitably miss many high diversity ecosystems. As tropical forests can have any combination of tree diversity and carbon stocks both require explicit consideration when optimising policies to manage tropical carbon and biodiversity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Avitabile_pmid26499288,

title = {An integrated pan-tropical biomass map using multiple reference datasets},

author = {Valerio Avitabile and Martin Herold and Gerard B M Heuvelink and Simon L Lewis and Oliver L Phillips and Gregory P Asner and John Armston and Peter S Ashton and Lindsay Banin and Nicolas Bayol and Nicholas J Berry and Pascal Boeckx and Bernardus H J de Jong and Ben DeVries and Cecile A J Girardin and Elizabeth Kearsley and Jeremy A Lindsell and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Richard Lucas and Yadvinder Malhi and Alexandra Morel and Edward T A Mitchard and Laszlo Nagy and Lan Qie and Marcela J Quinones and Casey M Ryan and Slik J W Ferry and Terry Sunderland and Gaia Vaglio Laurin and Roberto Cazzolla Gatti and Riccardo Valentini and Hans Verbeeck and Arief Wijaya and Simon Willcock},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.13139},

issn = {1365-2486},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-04-01},

urldate = {2016-04-01},

journal = {Glob Chang Biol},

volume = {22},

number = {4},

pages = {1406--1420},

abstract = {We combined two existing datasets of vegetation aboveground biomass (AGB) (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108, 2011, 9899; Nature Climate Change, 2, 2012, 182) into a pan-tropical AGB map at 1-km resolution using an independent reference dataset of field observations and locally calibrated high-resolution biomass maps, harmonized and upscaled to 14 477 1-km AGB estimates. Our data fusion approach uses bias removal and weighted linear averaging that incorporates and spatializes the biomass patterns indicated by the reference data. The method was applied independently in areas (strata) with homogeneous error patterns of the input (Saatchi and Baccini) maps, which were estimated from the reference data and additional covariates. Based on the fused map, we estimated AGB stock for the tropics (23.4 N-23.4 S) of 375 Pg dry mass, 9-18% lower than the Saatchi and Baccini estimates. The fused map also showed differing spatial patterns of AGB over large areas, with higher AGB density in the dense forest areas in the Congo basin, Eastern Amazon and South-East Asia, and lower values in Central America and in most dry vegetation areas of Africa than either of the input maps. The validation exercise, based on 2118 estimates from the reference dataset not used in the fusion process, showed that the fused map had a RMSE 15-21% lower than that of the input maps and, most importantly, nearly unbiased estimates (mean bias 5 Mg dry mass ha(-1) vs. 21 and 28 Mg ha(-1) for the input maps). The fusion method can be applied at any scale including the policy-relevant national level, where it can provide improved biomass estimates by integrating existing regional biomass maps as input maps and additional, country-specific reference datasets. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baker2016-ml,

title = {Consistent, small effects of treefall disturbances on the composition and diversity of four Amazonian forests},

author = {Timothy R Baker and Dilys M Vela D'iaz and Victor Chama Moscoso and Gilberto Navarro and Abel Monteagudo and Ruy Pinto and Katia Cangani and Nikolaos M Fyllas and Gabriela Lopez Gonzalez and William F Laurance and Simon L Lewis and Jonathan Lloyd and Hans Ter Steege and John W Terborgh and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.12529},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-03-01},

urldate = {2016-03-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {104},

number = {2},

pages = {497--506},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Understanding the resilience of moist tropical forests to treefall disturbance events is important for understanding the mechanisms that underlie species coexistence and for predicting the future composition of these ecosystems. Here, we test whether variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests determines their resilience to disturbance.We studied the legacy of natural treefall disturbance events in four forests across Amazonia that differ substantially in functional composition. We compared the composition and diversity of all free-standing woody stems 2-10 cm diameter in previously disturbed and undisturbed 20 $times$ 20 m subplots within 55, one-hectare, long-term forest inventory plots.Overall, stem number increased following disturbance, and species and functional composition shifted to favour light-wooded, small-seeded taxa. Alpha-diversity increased, but beta-diversity was unaffected by disturbance, in all four forests.Changes in response to disturbance in both functional composition and alpha-diversity were, however, small (2 - 4% depending on the parameter) and similar among forests. Synthesis. This study demonstrates that variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests does not lead to large differences in the response of these forests to treefall disturbances, and overall, these events have a minor role in maintaining the diversity of these ecosystems.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Coelho_de_Souza_pmid27974517,

title = {Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology},

author = {Fernanda Coelho-de-Souza and Kyle G Dexter and Oliver L Phillips and Roel J W Brienen and Jerome Chave and David R Galbraith and Gabriela Lopez Gonzalez and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and R Toby Pennington and Lourens Poorter and Miguel Alexiades and Esteban Álvarez-Dávila and Ana Andrade and Luis E O C Aragão and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric J M M Arets and Gerardo A Aymard C and Christopher Baraloto and Jorcely G Barroso and Damien Bonal and Rene G A Boot and José L C Camargo and James A Comiskey and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Plínio B de Camargo and Anthony Di Fiore and Fernando Elias and Terry L Erwin and Ted R Feldpausch and Leandro Ferreira and Nikolaos M Fyllas and Emanuel Gloor and Bruno Herault and Rafael Herrera and Niro Higuchi and Eurídice N Honorio Coronado and Timothy J Killeen and William F Laurance and Susan Laurance and Jon Lloyd and Thomas E Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Leandro Maracahipes and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben H Marimon-Junior and Casimiro Mendoza and Paulo Morandi and David A Neill and Percy Núñez Vargas and Edmar A Oliveira and Eddie Lenza and Walter A Palacios and Maria C Peñuela-Mora and John J Pipoly and Nigel C A Pitman and Adriana Prieto and Carlos A Quesada and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Agustin Rudas and Kalle Ruokolainen and Rafael P Salomão and Marcos Silveira and Juliana Stropp and Hans Ter Steege and Raquel Thomas-Caesar and Peter van der Hout and Geertje M F van der Heijden and Peter J van der Meer and Rodolfo V Vasquez and Simone A Vieira and Emilio Vilanova and Vincent A Vos and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth R Young and Roderick J Zagt and Timothy R Baker},

doi = {10.1098/rspb.2016.1587},

issn = {1471-2954},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Proc Biol Sci},

volume = {283},

number = {1844},

abstract = {Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Feldpausch2016-zh,

title = {Amazon forest response to repeated droughts},

author = {T R Feldpausch and O L Phillips and R J W Brienen and E Gloor and J Lloyd and G Lopez-Gonzalez and A Monteagudo-Mendoza and Y Malhi and A Alarcón and E Álvarez Dávila and P Alvarez-Loayza and A Andrade and L E O C Aragao and L Arroyo and G A Aymard C. and T R Baker and C Baraloto and J Barroso and D Bonal and W Castro and V Chama and J Chave and T F Domingues and S Fauset and N Groot and E Honorio Coronado and S Laurance and W F Laurance and S L Lewis and J C Licona and B S Marimon and B H Marimon-Junior and C Mendoza Bautista and D A Neill and E A Oliveira and C Oliveira dos Santos and N C Pallqui Camacho and G Pardo-Molina and A Prieto and C A Quesada and F Ram'irez and H Ram'irez-Angulo and M Réjou-Méchain and A Rudas and G Saiz and R P Salom ao and J E Silva-Espejo and M Silveira and H Steege and J Stropp and J Terborgh and R Thomas-Caesar and G M F Heijden and R Vásquez Martinez and E Vilanova and V A Vos},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Feldpausch_et_al-2016-Global_Biogeochemical_Cycles.pdf},

doi = {10.1002/2015gb005133},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-07-01},

urldate = {2016-07-01},

journal = {Global Biogeochem. Cycles},

volume = {30},

number = {7},

pages = {964--982},

publisher = {Ämerican Geophysical Union (AGU)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Guevara2016-oe,

title = {Low phylogenetic beta diversity and geographic Neo‐endemism in amazonian White‐sand forests},

author = {Juan Ernesto Guevara and Gabriel Damasco and Christopher Baraloto and Paul V A Fine and Mar'ia Cristina Pe nuela and Carolina Castilho and Alberto Vincentini and Dairón Cárdenas and Florian Wittmann and Natalia Targhetta and Oliver Phillips and Juliana Stropp and Ieda Amaral and Paul Maas and Abel Monteagudo and Eliana M Jimenez and Rachel Thomas and Roel Brienen and Álvaro Duque and William Magnusson and Cid Ferreira and Eur'idice Honorio and Francisca Almeida Matos and Freddy R Arevalo and Julien Engel and Pascal Petronelli and Rodolfo Vasquez and Hans Steege},

doi = {10.1111/btp.12298},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Biotropica},

volume = {48},

number = {1},

pages = {34--46},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Over the past three decades, many small-scale floristic studies of white-sand forests across the Amazon basin have been published. Nonetheless, a basin-wide description of both taxonomic and phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity at regional scales has never been achieved. We present a complete floristic analysis of white-sand forests across the Amazon basin including both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. We found strong regional differences in the signal of phylogenetic community structure with both overall and regional Net Relatedness Index and Nearest Taxon Index values found to be significantly positive leading to a pattern of phylogenetic clustering. Additionally, we found high taxonomic dissimilarity but low phylogenetic dissimilarity in pairwise community comparisons. These results suggest that recent diversification has played an important role in the assembly of white-sand forests causing geographic neo-endemism patterns at the regional scale.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ho_Tong_Minh2016-pt,

title = {SAR tomography for the retrieval of forest biomass and height: Cross-validation at two tropical forest sites in French Guiana},

author = {Dinh Ho-Tong-Minh and Thuy Le Toan and Fabio Rocca and Stefano Tebaldini and Ludovic Villard and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Oliver L Phillips and Ted R Feldpausch and Pascale Dubois-Fernandez and Klaus Scipal and Jér^ome Chave},

doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2015.12.037},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-03-01},

urldate = {2016-03-01},

journal = {Remote Sens. Environ.},

volume = {175},

pages = {138--147},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Developing and improving methods to monitor forest carbon in space and time is a timely challenge, especially for tropical forests. The next European Space Agency Earth Explorer Core Mission BIOMASS will collect synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data globally from employing a multiple baseline orbit during the initial phase of its lifetime. These data will be used for tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) processing, with a vertical resolution of about 20 m, a resolution sufficient to decompose the backscatter signal into two to three layers for most closed-canopy tropical forests. A recent study, conducted in the Paracou site, French Guiana, has already shown that TomoSAR significantly improves the retrieval of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) in a high biomass forest, with an error of only 10% at 1.5-ha resolution. However, the degree to which this TomoSAR approach can be transferred from one site to another has not been assessed. We test this approach at the Nouragues site in central French Guiana (ca 100 km away from Paracou), and develop a method to retrieve the top-of-canopy height from TomoSAR. We found a high correlation between the backscatter signal and AGB in the upper canopy layer (i.e. 20--40 m), while lower layers only showed poor correlations. The relationship between AGB and TomoSAR data was found to be highly similar for forests at Nouragues and Paracou. Cross validation using training plots from Nouragues and validation plots from Paracou, and vice versa, gave an error of 16--18% of AGB using 1-ha plots. Finally, using a high-resolution LiDAR canopy model as a reference, we showed that TomoSAR has the potential to retrieve the top-of-canopy height with an error to within 2.5 m. Our analyses show that the TomoSAR-AGB retrieval method is accurate even in hilly and high-biomass forest areas and suggest that our approach may be generalizable to other study sites, having a canopy taller than 30 m. These results have strong implications for the tomographic phase of the BIOMASS spaceborne mission.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Johnson_pmid27082541,

title = {Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models},

author = {Michelle O Johnson and David Galbraith and Manuel Gloor and Hannes De Deurwaerder and Matthieu Guimberteau and Anja Rammig and Kirsten Thonicke and Hans Verbeeck and Celso von Randow and Abel Monteagudo and Oliver L Phillips and Roel J W Brienen and Ted R Feldpausch and Gabriela Lopez Gonzalez and Sophie Fauset and Carlos A Quesada and Bradley Christoffersen and Philippe Ciais and Gilvan Sampaio and Bart Kruijt and Patrick Meir and Paul Moorcroft and Ke Zhang and Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Atila Alves de Oliveira and Ieda Amaral and Ana Andrade and Luiz E O C Aragao and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric J M M Arets and Luzmila Arroyo and Gerardo A Aymard and Christopher Baraloto and Jocely Barroso and Damien Bonal and Rene Boot and Jose Camargo and Jerome Chave and Alvaro Cogollo and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Antonio C Lola da Costa and Anthony Di Fiore and Leandro Ferreira and Niro Higuchi and Euridice N Honorio and Tim J Killeen and Susan G Laurance and William F Laurance and Juan Licona and Thomas Lovejoy and Yadvinder Malhi and Bia Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon and Darley C L Matos and Casimiro Mendoza and David A Neill and Guido Pardo and Marielos Peña-Claros and Nigel C A Pitman and Lourens Poorter and Adriana Prieto and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Anand Roopsind and Agustin Rudas and Rafael P Salomao and Marcos Silveira and Juliana Stropp and Hans Ter Steege and John Terborgh and Raquel Thomas and Marisol Toledo and Armando Torres-Lezama and Geertje M F van der Heijden and Rodolfo Vasquez and Ima Cèlia Guimarães Vieira and Emilio Vilanova and Vincent A Vos and Timothy R Baker},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.13315},

issn = {1365-2486},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Glob Chang Biol},

volume = {22},

number = {12},

pages = {3996--4013},

abstract = {Understanding the processes that determine above-ground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity [woody net primary productivity (NPP)] and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influences AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Levine_pmid26711984,

title = {Ecosystem heterogeneity determines the ecological resilience of the Amazon to climate change},

author = {Naomi M Levine and Ke Zhang and Marcos Longo and Alessandro Baccini and Oliver L Phillips and Simon L Lewis and Esteban Alvarez-Dávila and Ana Cristina Segalin de Andrade and Roel J W Brienen and Terry L Erwin and Ted R Feldpausch and Abel Lorenzo Monteagudo Mendoza and Percy Nuñez Vargas and Adriana Prieto and Javier Eduardo Silva-Espejo and Yadvinder Malhi and Paul R Moorcroft},

doi = {10.1073/pnas.1511344112},

issn = {1091-6490},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},

volume = {113},

number = {3},

pages = {793--797},

abstract = {Amazon forests, which store ∼ 50% of tropical forest carbon and play a vital role in global water, energy, and carbon cycling, are predicted to experience both longer and more intense dry seasons by the end of the 21st century. However, the climate sensitivity of this ecosystem remains uncertain: several studies have predicted large-scale die-back of the Amazon, whereas several more recent studies predict that the biome will remain largely intact. Combining remote-sensing and ground-based observations with a size- and age-structured terrestrial ecosystem model, we explore the sensitivity and ecological resilience of these forests to changes in climate. We demonstrate that water stress operating at the scale of individual plants, combined with spatial variation in soil texture, explains observed patterns of variation in ecosystem biomass, composition, and dynamics across the region, and strongly influences the ecosystem's resilience to changes in dry season length. Specifically, our analysis suggests that in contrast to existing predictions of either stability or catastrophic biomass loss, the Amazon forest's response to a drying regional climate is likely to be an immediate, graded, heterogeneous transition from high-biomass moist forests to transitional dry forests and woody savannah-like states. Fire, logging, and other anthropogenic disturbances may, however, exacerbate these climate change-induced ecosystem transitions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Monteagudo2016,

title = {Vascular Plants (non-epiphytes)},

author = {Abel M Monteagudo and Boza, ETE and Erickson, G and Urquiaga, F and Patricia Alvarez-Loayza},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-04},

urldate = {2016-01-04},

journal = {Biodiversity Sampling Protocols (Conservation International)},

pages = {9-24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Morandi2016-kz,

title = {Patterns of tree species composition at watershed-scale in the Amazon 'arc of deforestation': implications for conservation},

author = {Paulo Sérgio Morandi and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Pedro V Eisenlohr and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Claudinei Oliveira-Santos and Ted R Feldpausch and Edmar Almeida Oliveira and Simone Matias Reis and Jon Lloyd and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1017/s0376892916000278},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-01},

urldate = {2016-12-01},

journal = {Environ. Conserv.},

volume = {43},

number = {4},

pages = {317--326},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},

abstract = {SUMMARY: The loss of biodiversity in transitional forests between the Cerrado and Amazonia, the two largest neotropical phytogeographic domains, is an issue of great concern. This extensive region is located within the `arc of deforestation' zone where tropical forests are being lost at the fastest rate on the planet, but floristic diversity and variation among forests here is still poorly understood. We aimed to characterize the floristic composition of forests in this zone and explored the degree and drivers of differentiation within and across Araguaia and Xingu watersheds. In 10 sites we identified all trees with diameter $geq$10 cm; these totaled 4944 individuals in 257 species, 107 genera and 52 families. We evaluated the data for multivariate variation using TWINSPAN and DCA to understand the species distribution among sites. There was a larger contribution from the Amazonian flora (169 species) than that of the Cerrado (109) to the transitional forests. Remarkably, 142 species (55%) were restricted to only one sampling site, while 29 species (>16%) are endemic to Brazil, suggesting potentially large loss of species and unique forest communities with the loss and fragmentation of large areas. Our results also suggest that watersheds may be a critical factor driving species distribution among forests in the Amazonian--Cerrado transition zone, and quantifying their role can provide powerful insight into devising better conservation strategies for the remaining forests.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Restrepo_Correa2016-ri,

title = {Exploring palm-insect interactions across geographical and environmental gradients},

author = {Zorayda Restrepo-Correa and Luis A. Núñez Avellaneda and Sebastian González-Caro and Francisco J. Velásquez-Puentes and Christine D. Bacon},

doi = {10.1111/boj.12443},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-10-01},

urldate = {2016-10-01},

journal = {Bot. J. Linn. Soc.},

volume = {182},

number = {2},

pages = {389--397},

publisher = {Öxford University Press (OUP)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tymen2016-ec,

title = {Evidence for arrested succession in a liana-infested Amazonian forest},

author = {Blaise Tymen and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and James W Dalling and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Natalia Norden and Oliver L Phillips and Benjamin L Turner and Jér^ome Viers and Jér^ome Chave},

doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.12504},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {J. Ecol.},

volume = {104},

number = {1},

pages = {149--159},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {1. Empirical evidence and modelling both suggest that global changes may lead to an increased dominance of lianas, and thus to an increased prevalence of liana-infested forest formations in tropical forests. The implications for tropical forest structure and the carbon cycle remain poorly understood. 2. We studied the ecological processes underpinning the structure and dynamics of a liana-infested forest in French Guiana, using a combination of long-term surveys (tree, liana, seedling and litterfall), soil chemical analyses and remote sensing approaches (LiDAR and Landsat). 3. At stand scale and for adult-trees, the liana-infested forest had higher growth, recruitment, and mortality rates than the neighbouring high-canopy forest. Both total seedling density and tree seedling recruitment were lower in the liana-infested forest. Stand scale above-ground biomass of the liana-infested forest was 58% lower than in the high-canopy forest. 4. Above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) was comparable in the liana-infested and high-canopy forests. However, due to more abundant leaf production, the relative contribution of fast turnover carbon pools to ANPP was larger in the liana-infested forest and the carbon residence time was half that of the high-canopy forest. 5. Although soils of the liana-infested forest were richer in nutrients, soil elemental ratios suggest that liana-infested forest and high-canopy forest soils both derive from the same geological substrate. The higher nutrient concentration in the liana-infested forest may therefore be the result of a release of nutrients from vegetation after a forest blow down. 6. Using small-footprint LiDAR campaigns, we show that the overall extent of the liana-infested forest has remained stable from 2007 to 2012 but about 10% of the forest area changed in forest cover type. Landsat optical imagery confirms the liana-infested forest presence in the landscape for at least 25 years. 7. Synthesis. Because persistently high rates of liana infestation are maintained by the fast dynamics of the liana-infested forest, liana-infested forests here appear to be the result of an arrested tropical forest succession. If the prevalence of such arrested succession forests were to increase in the future, this would have important implications for the carbon sink potential of Amazonian forests.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{AlvarezDavila2015-ow,

title = {REPRESENTATIVIDAD A ESCALA REGIONAL DE UN INVENTARIO FLOR'ISTICO DETALLADO DE UNA HECTÁREA EN LOS ANDES TROPICALES},

author = {Esteban Alvarez-Davila and Heriberto David Higuita},

doi = {10.14483/udistrital.jour.colomb.for.2015.2.a03},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-06-01},

urldate = {2015-06-01},

journal = {Colomb. For.},

volume = {18},

number = {2 Preprint},

pages = {207},

publisher = {Üniversidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas},

abstract = {Se reporta la composición flor'istica de plantas vasculares y su distribución por hábitos de crecimiento en un bosque h'umedo montano bajo en el norte de los Andes, con base en una parcela de 1 ha. Dentro de la parcela de 1 ha se colectaron muestras botánicas de manera intensiva y se identificaron 318 especies/morfoespecies, 82 familias (9 de las cuales pertenecen a la división Pteridophyta) y 173 géneros. Orchidaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae y Piperaceae aportan el 44% del total de especies registradas en la parcela. Los géneros más diversos sonPeperomia, Elaphoglossum, Mikania, Anthurium y Miconia. Se encontraron tres especies endémicas del departamento de Antioquia (Brunellia trianae, Meriania antioquiensis y Mikania fragrans). Las especies encontradas representan el 47%, los géneros el 48% y las familias el 60% del total con respecto al Parque Arv'i, una reserva de 11 400 ha donde se localizó la parcela. Se encontraron 108 especies, 30 géneros y 1 familia no reportados previamente para el Parque Arv'i. El n'umero de taxones comunes entre la parcela y el Parque fue de 144 especies, 142 géneros y 69 familias. La riqueza de especies/familia en la parcela explica el 89% de la variación en la riqueza de especies/familia en al Parque Arv'i, y la riqueza de géneros el 75%. Se concluye que los inventarios flor'isticos detallados en parcelas de área conocida aportan información representativa de la flora a nivel regional y permiten una aproximación rápida a su biodiversidad.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Araujo-Murakami2015,

title = {Diversidad arborea de los bosques de tierra firme de la Amazonia Boliviana},

author = {Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Daniel Villarroel and Guido Pardo Molina and Vincent Antoine Vos and Germaine Alexander Parada and Luzmila P Arroyo and Timothy J Killeen},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-06-01},

urldate = {2015-06-01},

journal = {Kempffiana},

volume = {11},

issue = {1},

pages = {1-28},

abstract = {Resumen. Se analizó la diversidad arbórea de los bosques amazónicos de tierra firme de cuatro sectores biogeográficos de la Amazonía Boliviana mediante la evaluación de 35 PPM de 1 ha (árboles ≥ 10 cm de dap). La similaridad florística entre los sectores fue evaluada mediante un Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) utilizando la abundancia de especies, y posteriormente por los coeficientes de similaridad de Sørensen y Morisita-Horn. Así también, se determinó y comparó la densidad arbórea, riqueza de especies y diversidad alfa (índice de Shannon Héntre los sectores mediante un análisis de varianza (ANOVA). El PCA indicó una clara diferenciación estructural y florística entre los cuatros sectores estudiados, excepto por la APS, que posee influencia florística de la AEP y AAcM en zonas donde convergen. Sin embargo, el análisis de similaridad florística total entre sectores indico fuertes diferencia entre estos (< 50%). La mayor densidad de árboles fue registrada en la APS (581±22 arb/ha) y AEP (560±26 arb/ha), los cuales superaron significativamente a la AAcM y AAM. No obstante, estos dos sectores que poseen las densidades arbóreas más bajas, son los que poseen los niveles más altos de riqueza y diversidad alfa (AAM= 114±3 spp/ha, H´= 4.05±0.07; AAcM= 107±4 arb/ha, H´= 3.83±0.08). Estas variaciones de densidades, riqueza y diversidad alfa pueden atribuirse a la latitud y el efecto que ejerce sobre las variables ambientales.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Atkinpmid25581061,

title = {Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits},

author = {Owen K Atkin and Keith J Bloomfield and Peter B Reich and Mark G Tjoelker and Gregory P Asner and Damien Bonal and Gerhard Bönisch and Matt G Bradford and Lucas A Cernusak and Eric G Cosio and Danielle Creek and Kristine Y Crous and Tomas F Domingues and Jeffrey S Dukes and John J G Egerton and John R Evans and Graham D Farquhar and Nikolaos M Fyllas and Paul P G Gauthier and Emanuel Gloor and Teresa E Gimeno and Kevin L Griffin and Rossella Guerrieri and Mary A Heskel and Chris Huntingford and Françoise Yoko Ishida and Jens Kattge and Hans Lambers and Michael J Liddell and Jon Lloyd and Christopher H Lusk and Roberta E Martin and Ayal P Maksimov and Trofim C Maximov and Yadvinder Malhi and Belinda E Medlyn and Patrick Meir and Lina M Mercado and Nicholas Mirotchnick and Desmond Ng and Ülo Niinemets and Odhran S O'Sullivan and Oliver L Phillips and Lourens Poorter and Pieter Poot and I Colin Prentice and Norma Salinas and Lucy M Rowland and Michael G Ryan and Stephen Sitch and Martijn Slot and Nicholas G Smith and Matthew H Turnbull and Mark C VanderWel and Fernando Valladares and Erik J Veneklaas and Lasantha K Weerasinghe and Christian Wirth and Ian J Wright and Kirk R Wythers and Jen Xiang and Shuang Xiang and Joana Zaragoza-Castells},

doi = {10.1111/nph.13253},

issn = {1469-8137},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-04-01},

urldate = {2015-04-01},

journal = {New Phytol},

volume = {206},

number = {2},

pages = {614--636},

abstract = {Leaf dark respiration (Rdark ) is an important yet poorly quantified component of the global carbon cycle. Given this, we analyzed a new global database of Rdark and associated leaf traits. Data for 899 species were compiled from 100 sites (from the Arctic to the tropics). Several woody and nonwoody plant functional types (PFTs) were represented. Mixed-effects models were used to disentangle sources of variation in Rdark . Area-based Rdark at the prevailing average daily growth temperature (T) of each site increased only twofold from the Arctic to the tropics, despite a 20°C increase in growing T (8-28°C). By contrast, Rdark at a standard T (25°C, Rdark (25) ) was threefold higher in the Arctic than in the tropics, and twofold higher at arid than at mesic sites. Species and PFTs at cold sites exhibited higher Rdark (25) at a given photosynthetic capacity (Vcmax (25) ) or leaf nitrogen concentration ([N]) than species at warmer sites. Rdark (25) values at any given Vcmax (25) or [N] were higher in herbs than in woody plants. The results highlight variation in Rdark among species and across global gradients in T and aridity. In addition to their ecological significance, the results provide a framework for improving representation of Rdark in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land-surface components of Earth system models (ESMs). },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Báez_pmid25973977,

title = {Large-scale patterns of turnover and Basal area change in Andean forests},

author = {Selene Báez and Agustina Malizia and Julieta Carilla and Cecilia Blundo and Manuel Aguilar and Nikolay Aguirre and Zhofre Aquirre and Esteban Álvarez and Francisco Cuesta and Álvaro Duque and William Farfán-Ríos and Karina García-Cabrera and Ricardo Grau and Jürgen Homeier and Reynaldo Linares-Palomino and Lucio R Malizia and Omar Melo Cruz and Oriana Osinaga and Oliver L Phillips and Carlos Reynel and Miles R Silman and Kenneth J Feeley},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0126594},

issn = {1932-6203},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

urldate = {2015-01-01},

journal = {PLoS One},

volume = {10},

number = {5},

pages = {e0126594},

abstract = {General patterns of forest dynamics and productivity in the Andes Mountains are poorly characterized. Here we present the first large-scale study of Andean forest dynamics using a set of 63 permanent forest plots assembled over the past two decades. In the North-Central Andes tree turnover (mortality and recruitment) and tree growth declined with increasing elevation and decreasing temperature. In addition, basal area increased in Lower Montane Moist Forests but did not change in Higher Montane Humid Forests. However, at higher elevations the lack of net basal area change and excess of mortality over recruitment suggests negative environmental impacts. In North-Western Argentina, forest dynamics appear to be influenced by land use history in addition to environmental variation. Taken together, our results indicate that combinations of abiotic and biotic factors that vary across elevation gradients are important determinants of tree turnover and productivity in the Andes. More extensive and longer-term monitoring and analyses of forest dynamics in permanent plots will be necessary to understand how demographic processes and woody biomass are responding to changing environmental conditions along elevation gradients through this century. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Brienenpmid25788097,

title = {Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink},

author = {R J W Brienen and O L Phillips and T R Feldpausch and E Gloor and T R Baker and J Lloyd and G Lopez-Gonzalez and A Monteagudo-Mendoza and Y Malhi and S L Lewis and R Vásquez Martinez and M Alexiades and E Álvarez Dávila and P Alvarez-Loayza and A Andrade and L E O C Aragão and A Araujo-Murakami and E J M M Arets and L Arroyo and G A Aymard C and O S Bánki and C Baraloto and J Barroso and D Bonal and R G A Boot and J L C Camargo and C V Castilho and V Chama and K J Chao and J Chave and J A Comiskey and F Cornejo Valverde and L da Costa and E A de Oliveira and A Di Fiore and T L Erwin and S Fauset and M Forsthofer and D R Galbraith and E S Grahame and N Groot and B Hérault and N Higuchi and E N Honorio Coronado and H Keeling and T J Killeen and W F Laurance and S Laurance and J Licona and W E Magnussen and B S Marimon and B H Marimon-Junior and C Mendoza and D A Neill and E M Nogueira and P Núñez and N C Pallqui Camacho and A Parada and G Pardo-Molina and J Peacock and M Peña-Claros and G C Pickavance and N C A Pitman and L Poorter and A Prieto and C A Quesada and F Ramírez and H Ramírez-Angulo and Z Restrepo and A Roopsind and A Rudas and R P Salomão and M Schwarz and N Silva and J E Silva-Espejo and M Silveira and J Stropp and J Talbot and H ter Steege and J Teran-Aguilar and J Terborgh and R Thomas-Caesar and M Toledo and M Torello-Raventos and R K Umetsu and G M F van der Heijden and P van der Hout and I C Guimarães Vieira and S A Vieira and E Vilanova and V A Vos and R J Zagt},

url = {https://rainfor.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/129/2022/07/Brienen-Phillips-et-al-2015_long_term_decline_of_the_Amazon_carbon_sink_Nature14283.pdf},

doi = {10.1038/nature14283},

issn = {1476-4687},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-03-01},

urldate = {2015-03-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {519},

number = {7543},

pages = {344--348},

abstract = {Atmospheric carbon dioxide records indicate that the land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades, with a substantial fraction of this sink probably located in the tropics, particularly in the Amazon. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric composition continue to change. Here we analyse the historical evolution of the biomass dynamics of the Amazon rainforest over three decades using a distributed network of 321 plots. While this analysis confirms that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, we find a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation. Rates of net increase in above-ground biomass declined by one-third during the past decade compared to the 1990s. This is a consequence of growth rate increases levelling off recently, while biomass mortality persistently increased throughout, leading to a shortening of carbon residence times. Potential drivers for the mortality increase include greater climate variability, and feedbacks of faster growth on mortality, resulting in shortened tree longevity. The observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Correa2015-co,

title = {Plant dispersal systems in Neotropical forests: availability of dispersal agents or availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits?},

author = {Diego F Correa and Esteban Álvarez and Pablo R Stevenson},

doi = {10.1111/geb.12248},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-02-01},

urldate = {2015-02-01},

journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.},

volume = {24},

number = {2},

pages = {203--214},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Aim We used abiotic and biotic factors as predictors of the proportions of different dispersal systems in Neotropical forests, to test whether the geographical patterns in dispersal systems are mostly related to the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits or to the availability of dispersal agents. Location 101 one-hectare vegetation plots established in eight Holdridge lifezones in Colombian Neotropical forests. Methods We assigned dispersal systems to 2262 species and 1210 morphospecies, using the relative frequency and relative abundance of endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory per plot as response variables. We assessed the relationships between dispersal systems and ecological factors (elevation, climatic and edaphic variables, raw and weighted richness of potential frugivores, biomass of primates, wind speed, flooding regime and fragmentation), controlling for spatial autocorrelation and phylogenetic constraints. Results Endozoochory was highly represented in all plots. High levels of rainfall and low precipitation seasonality were associated with high proportions of zoochory (endozoochory and synzoochory) and low proportions of anemochory. The biomass of primates was positively associated with the relative abundance of endozoochory, and the weighted richness of frugivores was positively associated with the relative frequency of endozoochory. Contrary to the resource-availability hypothesis, synzoochory (the most expensive dispersal system in terms of plant investment in fruit mass) was most common in soils with low carbon densities. Finally, the proportions of anemochory and hydrochory were highest in windy areas and flooded forests, respectively. Main conclusions Although there is a relationship between rainfall, zoochory and anemochory, the absence of any positive relationships between zoochory, temperature, soil total nitrogen density and soil carbon density shows that the proportions of dispersal systems in Colombian Neotropical forests are mostly related to the availability of dispersal agents.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dexter2015-te,

title = {Floristics and biogeography of vegetation in seasonally dry tropical regions},

author = {K G Dexter and B Smart and C Baldauf and T R Baker and M P Bessike Balinga and R J W Brienen and S Fauset and T R Feldpausch and L Ferreira-Da Silva and J Ilunga Muledi and S L Lewis and G Lopez-Gonzalez and B H Marimon-Junior and B S Marimon and P Meerts and N Page and N Parthasarathy and O L Phillips and T C H Sunderland and I Theilade and J Weintritt and K Affum-Baffoe and A Araujo and L Arroyo and S K Begne and E Carvalho-Das Neves and M Collins and A Cuni-Sanchez and M N K Djuikouo and F Elias and E G Foli and K J Jeffery and T J Killeen and Y Malhi and L Maracahipes and C Mendoza and A Monteagudo-Mendoza and P Morandi and C Oliveira-Dos Santos and A G Parada and G Pardo and K S-H Peh and R P Salom ao and M Silveira and H Sinatora-Miranda and J W F Slik and B Sonke and H E Taedoumg and M Toledo and R K Umetsu and R G Villaroel and V A Vos and L J T White and R T Pennington},

doi = {10.1505/146554815815834859},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-08-01},

urldate = {2015-08-01},

journal = {Int. For. Rev.},

volume = {17},

number = {2},

pages = {10--32},

publisher = {Commonwealth Forestry Association},

abstract = {To provide an inter-continental overview of the floristics and biogeography of drought-adapted tropical vegetation formations, we compiled a dataset of inventory plots in South America (n=93), Africa (n=84), and Asia (n=92) from savannas (subject to fire), seasonally dry tropical forests (not generally subject to fire), and moist forests (no fire). We analysed floristic similarity across vegetation formations within and between continents. Our dataset strongly suggests that different formations tend to be strongly clustered floristically by continent, and that among continents, superficially similar vegetation formations (e.g. savannas) are floristically highly dissimilar. Neotropical moist forest, savanna and seasonally dry tropical forest are floristically distinct, but elsewhere there is no clear floristic division of savanna and seasonally dry tropical forest, though moist and dry formations are separate. We suggest that because of their propensity to burn, many formations termed ``dry forest'' in Africa and Asia are best considered as savannas. The floristic differentiation of similar vegetation formations from different continents suggests that cross-continental generalisations of the ecology, biology and conservation of savannas and seasonally dry tropical forests may be difficult.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Doughtypmid25739631,

title = {Drought impact on forest carbon dynamics and fluxes in Amazonia},

author = {Christopher E Doughty and D B Metcalfe and C A J Girardin and F Farfán Amézquita and D Galiano Cabrera and W Huaraca Huasco and J E Silva-Espejo and A Araujo-Murakami and M C da Costa and W Rocha and T R Feldpausch and A L M Mendoza and A C L da Costa and P Meir and O L Phillips and Y Malhi},

doi = {10.1038/nature14213},

issn = {1476-4687},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-03-01},

urldate = {2015-03-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {519},

number = {7541},

pages = {78--82},

abstract = {In 2005 and 2010 the Amazon basin experienced two strong droughts, driven by shifts in the tropical hydrological regime possibly associated with global climate change, as predicted by some global models. Tree mortality increased after the 2005 drought, and regional atmospheric inversion modelling showed basin-wide decreases in CO2 uptake in 2010 compared with 2011 (ref. 5). But the response of tropical forest carbon cycling to these droughts is not fully understood and there has been no detailed multi-site investigation in situ. Here we use several years of data from a network of thirteen 1-ha forest plots spread throughout South America, where each component of net primary production (NPP), autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration is measured separately, to develop a better mechanistic understanding of the impact of the 2010 drought on the Amazon forest. We find that total NPP remained constant throughout the drought. However, towards the end of the drought, autotrophic respiration, especially in roots and stems, declined significantly compared with measurements in 2009 made in the absence of drought, with extended decreases in autotrophic respiration in the three driest plots. In the year after the drought, total NPP remained constant but the allocation of carbon shifted towards canopy NPP and away from fine-root NPP. Both leaf-level and plot-level measurements indicate that severe drought suppresses photosynthesis. Scaling these measurements to the entire Amazon basin with rainfall data, we estimate that drought suppressed Amazon-wide photosynthesis in 2010 by 0.38 petagrams of carbon (0.23-0.53 petagrams of carbon). Overall, we find that during this drought, instead of reducing total NPP, trees prioritized growth by reducing autotrophic respiration that was unrelated to growth. This suggests that trees decrease investment in tissue maintenance and defence, in line with eco-evolutionary theories that trees are competitively disadvantaged in the absence of growth. We propose that weakened maintenance and defence investment may, in turn, cause the increase in post-drought tree mortality observed at our plots. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Elias_2015,

title = {Regeneração de espécies lenhosas sob a influência do bambu Actinocladum verticillatum (Nees) McClure ex Soderstr. (Poaceae) em cerradão e cerrado típico na transição Cerrado-Amazônia},

author = {Fernando Elias and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Eder Carvalho das Neves and Paulo Morandi and Simone Matias Reis and Henrique Augusto Mews and Ben Hur Marimon Junior},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-07-06},

urldate = {2015-07-06},

journal = {Revista Brasileira de Biociencias},

volume = {13},

issue = {2},

abstract = {In this study we analysed and compared the floristic composition, species richness, diversity and structure of the natural regeneration of two phytophysiognomies (savanna forest and typical cerrado) under the effect of natural clumps of the bamboo Actinocladum verticillatum (Nees) McClure ex Soderstr. in the Bacaba Municipal Park, Nova Xavantina-MT. We established 15 contiguous plots in bamboo-free sites (SB) and 15 in sites densely occupied by bamboo (CB), in each physiognomy. The natural regeneration and the woody vegetation (VL, diameter ≥ 3 cm, 30 cm aboveground, DAS30) were sampled in plots and sub-plots of 1 x 1 m, 2 x 2 m, 5 x 5 m (natural regeneration) and 10 x 10 m (VL). We found, in natural regeneration, 55 species in the savanna forest (SB = 49, CB = 34) and 76 in the typical cerrado (SB = 68, CB = 51). In general, the SB sites detained the greatest values of species diversity, evenness and abundance of individuals, which indicates possible interference of clumps in the natural regeneration structure. The occurrence of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul and Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC at most stages of natural regeneration reinforces the potential of these species in recuperation of degraded areas occupied by these clumps.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fauset_pmid25919449,

title = {Hyperdominance in Amazonian forest carbon cycling},

author = {Sophie Fauset and Michelle O Johnson and Manuel Gloor and Timothy R Baker and Abel Monteagudo M and Roel J W Brienen and Ted R Feldpausch and Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez and Yadvinder Malhi and Hans ter Steege and Nigel C A Pitman and Christopher Baraloto and Julien Engel and Pascal Pétronelli and Ana Andrade and José Luís C Camargo and Susan G W Laurance and William F Laurance and Jerôme Chave and Elodie Allie and Percy Núñez Vargas and John W Terborgh and Kalle Ruokolainen and Marcos Silveira and Gerardo A Aymard C and Luzmila Arroyo and Damien Bonal and Hirma Ramirez-Angulo and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and David Neill and Bruno Hérault and Aurélie Dourdain and Armando Torres-Lezama and Beatriz S Marimon and Rafael P Salomão and James A Comiskey and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Marisol Toledo and Juan Carlos Licona and Alfredo Alarcón and Adriana Prieto and Agustín Rudas and Peter J van der Meer and Timothy J Killeen and Ben-Hur Marimon Junior and Lourens Poorter and Rene G A Boot and Basil Stergios and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Flávia R C Costa and Carolina Levis and Juliana Schietti and Priscila Souza and Nikée Groot and Eric Arets and Victor Chama Moscoso and Wendeson Castro and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Marielos Peña-Claros and Clement Stahl and Jorcely Barroso and Joey Talbot and Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira and Geertje van der Heijden and Raquel Thomas and Vincent A Vos and Everton C Almeida and Esteban Álvarez Davila and Luiz E O C Aragão and Terry L Erwin and Paulo S Morandi and Edmar Almeida de Oliveira and Marco B X Valadão and Roderick J Zagt and Peter van der Hout and Patricia Alvarez Loayza and John J Pipoly and Ophelia Wang and Miguel Alexiades and Carlos E Cerón and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Anthony Di Fiore and Julie Peacock and Nadir C Pallqui Camacho and Ricardo K Umetsu and Plínio Barbosa de Camargo and Robyn J Burnham and Rafael Herrera and Carlos A Quesada and Juliana Stropp and Simone A Vieira and Marc Steininger and Carlos Reynel Rodríguez and Zorayda Restrepo and Adriane Esquivel Muelbert and Simon L Lewis and Georgia C Pickavance and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1038/ncomms7857},

issn = {2041-1723},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-04-01},

urldate = {2015-04-01},

journal = {Nat Commun},

volume = {6},

pages = {6857},

abstract = {While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few 'hyperdominant' species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gloor2015-nv,

title = {Recent Amazon climate as background for possible ongoing and future changes of Amazon humid forests},

author = {M Gloor and J Barichivich and G Ziv and R Brienen and J Schöngart and P Peylin and B Barcante Ladvocat Cintra and T Feldpausch and O Phillips and J Baker},

doi = {10.1002/2014gb005080},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-01},

urldate = {2015-09-01},

journal = {Global Biogeochem. Cycles},

volume = {29},

number = {9},

pages = {1384--1399},

publisher = {Ämerican Geophysical Union (AGU)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Honorio_Coronado2015-me,

title = {Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities},

author = {Euridice N Honorio-Coronado and Kyle G Dexter and R Toby Pennington and Jér^ome Chave and Simon L Lewis and Miguel N Alexiades and Esteban Alvarez and Atila Alves de Oliveira and I^eda L Amaral and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Eric J M M Arets and Gerardo A Aymard and Christopher Baraloto and Damien Bonal and Roel Brienen and Carlos Cerón and Fernando Cornejo Valverde and Anthony Di Fiore and William Farfan-Rios and Ted R Feldpausch and Niro Higuchi and Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and Susan G Laurance and William F Laurance and Gabriela López-Gonzalez and Beatriz S Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and David Neill and Walter Palacios Cuenca and Maria Cristina Pe nuela Mora and Nigel C A Pitman and Adriana Prieto and Carlos A Quesada and Hirma Ramirez Angulo and Agust'in Rudas and Ademir R Ruschel and Norma Salinas Revilla and Rafael P Salom ao and Ana Segalin de Andrade and Miles R Silman and Wilson Spironello and Hans Steege and John Terborgh and Marisol Toledo and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Ima C G Vieira and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Vincent Vos and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/ddi.12357},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-11-01},

urldate = {2015-11-01},

journal = {Divers. Distrib.},

volume = {21},

number = {11},

pages = {1295--1307},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Aim: To examine variation in the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of tree communities across geographical and environmental gradients in Amazonia. Location: Two hundred and eighty-three c. 1 ha forest inventory plots from across Amazonia. Methods: We evaluated PD as the total phylogenetic branch length across species in each plot (PDss), the mean pairwise phylogenetic distance between species (MPD), the mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their equivalents standardized for species richness (ses.PDss, ses.MPD, ses.MNTD). We compared PD of tree communities growing (1) on substrates of varying geological age; and (2) in environments with varying ecophysiological barriers to growth and survival. Results: PDss is strongly positively correlated with species richness (SR), whereas MNTD has a negative correlation. Communities on geologically young- and intermediate-aged substrates (western and central Amazonia respectively) have the highest SR, and therefore the highest PDss and the lowest MNTD. We find that the youngest and oldest substrates (the latter on the Brazilian and Guiana Shields) have the highest ses.PDss and ses.MNTD. MPD and ses.MPD are strongly correlated with how evenly taxa are distributed among the three principal angiosperm clades and are both highest in western Amazonia. Meanwhile, seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and forests on white sands have low PD, as evaluated by any metric. Main conclusions: High ses.PDss and ses.MNTD reflect greater lineage diversity in communities. We suggest that high ses.PDss and ses.MNTD in western Amazonia results from its favourable, easy-to-colonize environment, whereas high values in the Brazilian and Guianan Shields may be due to accumulation of lineages over a longer period of time. White-sand forests and SDTF are dominated by close relatives from fewer lineages, perhaps reflecting ecophysiological barriers that are difficult to surmount evolutionarily. Because MPD and ses.MPD do not reflect lineage diversity per se, we suggest that PDss, ses.PDss and ses.MNTD may be the most useful diversity metrics for setting large-scale conservation priorities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Honorio-Coronado2015-ph,

title = {DIVERSIDAD, ESTRUCTURA Y CARBONO DE LOS BOSQUES ALUVIALES DEL NORESTE PERUANO},

author = {Euridice Nora Honorio-Coronado and Jim Edward Vega-Arenas and Massiel Nataly Corrales-Medina},

doi = {10.24841/fa.v24i1.59},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-01},

urldate = {2015-09-01},

journal = {Folia amaz.},

volume = {24},

number = {1},

pages = {55},

publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana - IIAP},

abstract = {Los bosques aluviales de la Amazon'ia peruana representan un componente diverso, dinámico y extensodentro de los bosques de tierras bajas. Estos ecosistemas están amenazados por actividades humanas y elcambio climático, por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar estudios que permitan entender el estado actual de losbosques aluviales y cómo los procesos antropogénicos y ambientales afectarán el futuro de estos bosques. Elpresente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer la diversidad flor'istica, la estructura y la densidad de carbono delos bosques pantanosos y estacionalmente inundables de la región Loreto, en el noreste peruano.Establecimos 17 parcelas de 0.5 hectáreas en bosques aleda~nos a Jenaro Herrera y Veinte de Enero donde seidentificaron las especies y se evaluó la biomasa y necromasa sobre el suelo. Los resultados muestran que losbosques pantanosos tienen menor diversidad flor'istica que los bosques estacionalmente inundables debido ala alta abundancia de la palmera Mauritia flexuosa. La cantidad de carbono sobre el suelo (biomasa ynecromasa) es similar para ambos tipos de bosque y ambos valores son menores que en los bosques aleda~nos.También, observamos una marcada diferencia en la estructura del bosque pantanoso, en donde el estratosuperior está dominado por la presencia de palmeras de gran diámetro y altura. Estas parcelas forman parte deRAINFOR-Per'u una red de monitoreo a largo plazo de los bosques peruanos con el fin de conocer la dinámicanatural del bosque y la susceptibilidad al cambio climático.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lloyd2015-fr,

title = {Edaphic, structural and physiological contrasts across Amazon Basin forest--savanna ecotones suggest a role for potassium as a key modulator of tropical woody vegetation structure and function},

author = {J Lloyd and T F Domingues and F Schrodt and F Y Ishida and T R Feldpausch and G Saiz and C A Quesada and M Schwarz and M Torello-Raventos and M Gilpin and B S Marimon and B H Marimon-Junior and J A Ratter and J Grace and G B Nardoto and E Veenendaal and L Arroyo and D Villarroel and T J Killeen and M Steininger and O L Phillips},

doi = {10.5194/bg-12-6529-2015},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-11-01},

urldate = {2015-11-01},

journal = {Biogeosciences},

volume = {12},

number = {22},

pages = {6529--6571},

publisher = {Copernicus GmbH},

abstract = {Abstract. Sampling along a precipitation gradient in tropical South America extending from ca. 0.8 to 2.0 m a−1, savanna soils had consistently lower exchangeable cation concentrations and higher C / N ratios than nearby forest plots. These soil differences were also reflected in canopy averaged leaf traits with savanna trees typically having higher leaf mass per unit area but lower mass-based nitrogen (Nm) and potassium (Km). Both Nm and Km also increased with declining mean annual precipitation (PA), but most area-based leaf traits such as leaf photosynthetic capacity showed no systematic variation with PA or vegetation type. Despite this invariance, when taken in conjunction with other measures such as mean canopy height, area-based soil exchangeable potassium content, [K]sa , proved to be an excellent predictor of several photosynthetic properties (including 13C isotope discrimination). Moreover, when considered in a multivariate context with PA and soil plant available water storage capacity ($vartheta$P) as covariates, [K]sa also proved to be an excellent predictor of stand-level canopy area, providing drastically improved fits as compared to models considering just PA and/or $vartheta$P. Neither calcium, nor magnesium, nor soil pH could substitute for potassium when tested as alternative model predictors ($Delta$AIC > 10). Nor for any model could simple soil texture metrics such as sand or clay content substitute for either [K]sa or $vartheta$P. Taken in conjunction with recent work in Africa and the forests of the Amazon Basin, this suggests -- in combination with some newly conceptualised interacting effects of PA and $vartheta$P also presented here -- a critical role for potassium as a modulator of tropical vegetation structure and function.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Malhi_pmid25640987,

title = {The linkages between photosynthesis, productivity, growth and biomass in lowland Amazonian forests},

author = {Yadvinder Malhi and Christopher E Doughty and Gregory R Goldsmith and Daniel B Metcalfe and Cécile A J Girardin and Toby R Marthews and Jhon Del Aguila-Pasquel and Luiz E O C Aragão and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Paulo Brando and Antonio C L da Costa and Javier E Silva-Espejo and Filio Farfán Amézquita and David R Galbraith and Carlos A Quesada and Wanderley Rocha and Norma Salinas-Revilla and Divino Silvério and Patrick Meir and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1111/gcb.12859},

issn = {1365-2486},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-06-01},

urldate = {2015-06-01},

journal = {Glob Chang Biol},

volume = {21},

number = {6},

pages = {2283--2295},

abstract = {Understanding the relationship between photosynthesis, net primary productivity and growth in forest ecosystems is key to understanding how these ecosystems will respond to global anthropogenic change, yet the linkages among these components are rarely explored in detail. We provide the first comprehensive description of the productivity, respiration and carbon allocation of contrasting lowland Amazonian forests spanning gradients in seasonal water deficit and soil fertility. Using the largest data set assembled to date, ten sites in three countries all studied with a standardized methodology, we find that (i) gross primary productivity (GPP) has a simple relationship with seasonal water deficit, but that (ii) site-to-site variations in GPP have little power in explaining site-to-site spatial variations in net primary productivity (NPP) or growth because of concomitant changes in carbon use efficiency (CUE), and conversely, the woody growth rate of a tropical forest is a very poor proxy for its productivity. Moreover, (iii) spatial patterns of biomass are much more driven by patterns of residence times (i.e. tree mortality rates) than by spatial variation in productivity or tree growth. Current theory and models of tropical forest carbon cycling under projected scenarios of global atmospheric change can benefit from advancing beyond a focus on GPP. By improving our understanding of poorly understood processes such as CUE, NPP allocation and biomass turnover times, we can provide more complete and mechanistic approaches to linking climate and tropical forest carbon cycling. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marimon2015-pj,

title = {Ecology of floodplain Campos de murundus Savanna in southern Amazonia},

author = {Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Guarino R Colli and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Henrique A Mews and Pedro V Eisenlohr and Ted R Feldpausch and Oliver L Phillips},

doi = {10.1086/682079},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-01},

urldate = {2015-09-01},

journal = {Int. J. Plant Sci.},

volume = {176},

number = {7},

pages = {670--681},

publisher = {Üniversity of Chicago Press},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martins2015-jd,

title = {Soil-induced impacts on forest structure drive coarse woody debris stocks across central Amazonia},

author = {Demétrius L Martins and Juliana Schietti and Ted R Feldpausch and Flávio J Luiz ao and Oliver L Phillips and Ana Andrade and Carolina V Castilho and Susan G Laurance and Átila Oliveira and Ieda L Amaral and José J Toledo and Laynara F Lugli and José Luiz Purri Veiga Pinto and Erick M Oblitas Mendoza and Carlos A Quesada},

doi = {10.1080/17550874.2013.879942},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-03-01},

urldate = {2015-03-01},

journal = {Plant Ecol. Divers.},

volume = {8},

number = {2},

pages = {229--241},

publisher = {Informa UK Limited},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Reis2015-rz,

title = {Post-fire dynamics of the woody vegetation of a savanna forest (Cerrad~ao) in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone},

author = {Simone Matias Reis and Eddie Lenza and Beatriz Schwantes Marimon and Let'icia Gomes and M^onica Forsthofer and Paulo Sérgio Morandi and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Ted R Feldpausch and Fernando Elias},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

urldate = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Äcta Bot. Brasilica},

volume = {29},

number = {3},

pages = {408--416},

publisher = {FapUNIFESP (SciELO)},

abstract = {Fire can change the species composition, diversity, and structure of savanna vegetation, thus altering growth and mortality rates. Such changes in the woody vegetation of burned savanna forest were evaluated over four years in comparison to unburned savanna forest. All woody plants with a diameter at breast height > 10 cm were measured in 100 permanent plots. Six months later, 38 of these plots were burned. Three and a half years later, all surviving individuals were re-sampled. Species richness, diversity, and the number of individuals did not change in the burned plots, although they had significantly higher (p < 0.05) increases in basal area and mortality rates (5.1% year-1) than the unburned plots (3.0% year-1).Tachigali vulgarishad the greatest post-fire increase in basal area (53%). The results indicate that fire alters the dynamics and structure of the savanna forest, excluding the less fire-tolerant species and smaller individuals (? 15cm). Tachigali vulgaris is a key species for the recovery of savanna forest biomass due to its considerable post-fire gains in basal area, at least over the short term due to its short life cycle. It follows that frequent burning of savanna forest would result in a marked change in the species composition and structure of its woody vegetation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rejou-Mechain2015-qf,

title = {Using repeated small-footprint LiDAR acquisitions to infer spatial and temporal variations of a high-biomass Neotropical forest},

author = {Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Blaise Tymen and Lilian Blanc and Sophie Fauset and Ted R Feldpausch and Abel Monteagudo and Oliver L Phillips and Hél`ene Richard and Jér^ome Chave},

doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2015.08.001},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-11-01},

urldate = {2015-11-01},

journal = {Remote Sens. Environ.},

volume = {169},

pages = {93--101},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {In recent years, LiDAR technology has provided accurate forest aboveground biomass (AGB) maps in several forest ecosystems, including tropical forests. However, its ability to accurately map forest AGB changes in high-biomass tropical forests has seldom been investigated. Here, we assess the ability of repeated LiDAR acquisitions to map AGB stocks and changes in an old-growth Neotropical forest of French Guiana. Using two similar aerial small-footprint LiDAR campaigns over a four year interval, spanning ca. 20 km2, and concomitant ground sampling, we constructed a model relating median canopy height and AGB at a 0.25-ha and 1-ha resolution. This model had an error of 14% at a 1-ha resolution (RSE = 54.7 Mg ha− 1) and of 23% at a 0.25-ha resolution (RSE = 86.5 Mg ha− 1). This uncertainty is comparable with values previously reported in other tropical forests and confirms that aerial LiDAR is an efficient technology for AGB mapping in high-biomass tropical forests. Our map predicts a mean AGB of 340 Mg ha− 1 within the landscape. We also created an AGB change map, and compared it with ground-based AGB change estimates. The correlation was weak but significant only at the 0.25-ha resolution. One interpretatio